arXiv subjects

Jörn Davidsen

Publications and source records attributed to Jörn Davidsen.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2010

Attractor and Basin Entropies of Random Boolean Networks Under Asynchronous Stochastic Update

We introduce a numerical method to study random Boolean networks with asynchronous stochas- tic update. Each node in the network of states starts with equal occupation probability and this probability distribution then evolves to a steady state. Nodes left with finite occupation probability determine the attractors and the sizes of their basins. As for synchronous update, the basin entropy grows with system size only for critical networks, where the distribution of attractor lengths is a power law. We determine analytically the distribution for the number of attractors and basin sizes for frozen networks with connectivity K = 1.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2006

Front explosion in a periodically forced surface reaction

Resonantly-forced oscillatory reaction-diffusion systems can exhibit fronts with complicated interfacial structure separating phase-locked homogeneous states. For values of the forcing amplitude below a critical value the front "explodes" and the width of the interfacial zone grows without bound. Such front explosion phenomena are investigated for a realistic model of catalytic CO oxidation on a Pt(110) surface in the 2:1 and 3:1 resonantly-forced regimes. In the 2:1 regime, the fronts are stationary and the front explosion leads to a defect-mediated turbulent state. In the 3:1 resonantly-forced system, the fronts propagate. The front velocity tends to zero as the front explosion point is reached and the final asymptotic state is a 2:1 resonantly-locked labyrinthine pattern. The front dynamics described here should be observable in experiment since the model has been shown to capture essential features of the CO oxidation reaction.

nlin.PS↗

arXiv2006

Scaling and universality in rock fracture

We present a detailed statistical analysis of acoustic emission time series from laboratory rock fracture obtained from different experiments on different materials including acoustic emission controlled triaxial fracture and punch-through tests. In all considered cases, the waiting time distribution can be described by a unique scaling function indicating its universality. This scaling function is even indistinguishable from that for earthquakes suggesting its general validity for fracture processes independent of time, space and magnitude scales.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2004

How far away is the next earthquake?

Spatial distances between subsequent earthquakes in southern California exhibit scale-free statistics, with a critical exponent $δ\approx 0.6$, as well as finite size scaling. The statistics are independent of the threshold magnitude as long as the catalog is complete, but depend strongly on the temporal ordering of events, rather than the geometry of the spatial epicenter distribution. Nevertheless, the spatial distance and waiting time between subsequent earthquakes are uncorrelated with each other. These observations contradict the theory of aftershock zone scaling with main shock magnitude.

cond-mat.other↗

arXiv2004

From ballistic to Brownian vortex motion in complex oscillatory media

We show that the breaking of the rotation symmetry of spiral waves in two-dimensional complex (period-doubled or chaotic) oscillatory media by synchronization defect lines (SDL) is accompanied by an intrinsic drift of the pattern. Single vortex motion changes from ballistic flights at a well-defined angle from the SDL to Brownian-like diffusion when the turbulent character of the medium increases. It gives rise, in non-turbulent multi-spiral regimes, to a novel ``vortex liquid''.

nlin.PS↗

arXiv2004

Are seismic waiting time distributions universal?

We show that seismic waiting time distributions in California and Iceland have many features in common as, for example, a power-law decay with exponent $α\approx 1.1$ for intermediate and with exponent $γ\approx 0.6$ for short waiting times. While the transition point between these two regimes scales proportionally with the size of the considered area, the full distribution is not universal and depends in a non-trivial way on the geological area under consideration and its size. This is due to the spatial distribution of epicenters which does \emph{not} form a simple mono-fractal. Yet, the dependence of the waiting time distributions on the threshold magnitude seems to be universal.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2004

Topological constraints on spiral wave dynamics in spherical geometries with inhomogeneous excitability

We analyze the way topological constraints and inhomogeneity in the excitability influence the dynamics of spiral waves on spheres and punctured spheres of excitable media. We generalize the definition of an index such that it characterizes not only each spiral but also each hole in punctured, oriented, compact, two-dimensional differentiable manifolds and show that the sum of the indices is conserved and zero. We also show that heterogeneity and geometry are responsible for the formation of various spiral wave attractors, in particular, pairs of spirals in which one spiral acts as a source and a second as a sink -- the latter similar to an antispiral. The results provide a basis for the analysis of the propagation of waves in heterogeneous excitable media in physical and biological systems.

nlin.PS↗

arXiv2003

Rapid convergence of time-averaged frequency in phase synchronized systems

Numerical and experimental evidence is presented to show that many phase synchronized systems of non-identical chaotic oscillators, where the chaotic state is reached through a period-doubling cascade, show rapid convergence of the time-averaged frequency. The speed of convergence toward the natural frequency scales as the inverse of the measurement period. The results also suggest an explanation for why such chaotic oscillators can be phase synchronized.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗

arXiv2003

Defect-mediated turbulence in systems with local deterministic chaos

We show that defect-mediated turbulence can exist in media where the underlying local dynamics is deterministically chaotic. While many of the characteristics of defect-mediated turbulence, such as the exponential decay of correlations and a squared Poissonian distribution for the number of defects, are identical to those seen in oscillatory media, the fluctuations in the number of defects differ significantly. The power spectra suggest the existence of underlying correlations that lead to a different and non-universal scaling structure in chaotic media.

nlin.PS↗

arXiv2000

$1/f^α$ noise from self-organized critical models with uniform driving

Using the well-known Olami-Feder-Christensen model as our paradigm, we show how to modify uniform driven self-organized critical models to generate $1/f^α$ noise. Our model can reproduce all the main features of $1/f^α$ noise: (1) $α$ is close to one and does not depend on the dimension of the system. (2) The $1/f^α$ behavior is found for very low frequencies. (3) The spatial correlations do not obey a power law. That proves that spatially extended systems based on activation-deactivation processes do not have to be point-driven to produce $1/f^α$ noise. The essential ingredient is a local memory of the activation-deactivation process.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗