arXiv subjects

Júlia Sisk-Reynés

Publications and source records attributed to Júlia Sisk-Reynés.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Getting More Out of Black Hole Superradiance: a Statistically Rigorous Approach to Ultralight Boson Constraints from Black Hole Spin Measurements

Black hole (BH) superradiance can provide strong constraints on the properties of ultralight bosons (ULBs). While most of the previous work has focused on the theoretical predictions, here we investigate the most suitable statistical framework to constrain ULB masses and self-interactions using BH spin measurements. We argue that a Bayesian approach based on a simple timescales analysis provides a clear statistical interpretation, deals with limitations regarding the reproducibility of existing BH analyses, incorporates the full information from BH data, and allows us to include additional nuisance parameters or to perform hierarchical modelling with BH populations in the future. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach using mass and spin posterior samples for the X-ray binary BH M33 X-7 and, for the first time in this context, the supermassive BH IRAS 09149-6206. We explain the differences to existing ULB constraints in the literature and illustrate the effects of various assumptions about the superradiance process (equilibrium regime vs cloud collapse, higher occupation levels). As a result, our procedure yields the most statistically rigorous ULB constraints available in the literature, with important implications for the QCD axion and axion-like particles. We encourage all groups analysing BH data to publish likelihood functions or posterior samples as supplementary material to facilitate this type of analysis, and for theory developments to compress their findings to effective timescale modifications.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

Physics Beyond the Standard Model with Future X-ray Observatories: Projected Constraints on Very-Light Axion-Like Particles with $Athena$ and $AXIS$

Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) are well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model of Particle Physics and a generic prediction of some string theories. X-ray observations of bright Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) hosted by rich clusters of galaxies are excellent probes of very-light ALPs, with masses $\mathrm{log}(m_\mathrm{a}/\mathrm{eV}) < -12.0$. We evaluate the potential of future X-ray observatories, particularly $Athena$ and the proposed $AXIS$, to constrain ALPs via observations of cluster-hosted AGN, taking NGC 1275 in the Perseus cluster as our exemplar. Assuming perfect knowledge of instrument calibration, we show that a modest exposure (200-ks) of NGC 1275 by $Athena$ permits us to exclude all photon-ALP couplings $g_\mathrm{aγ} > 6.3 \times 10^{-14} \ {\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$ at the 95% level, as previously shown by $Conlon \ et \ al. \ (2018)$, representing a factor of 10 improvement over current limits. We then proceed to assess the impact of realistic calibration uncertainties on the $Athena$ projection by applying a standard $Cash$ likelihood procedure, showing the projected constraints on $g_\mathrm{aγ}$ weaken by a factor of 10 (back to the current most sensitive constraints). However, we show how the use of a deep neural network can disentangle the energy-dependent features induced by instrumental miscalibration and those induced by photon-ALP mixing, allowing us to recover most of the sensitivity to the ALP physics. In our explicit demonstration, the machine learning applied allows us to exclude $g_\mathrm{aγ} > 2.0 \times 10^{-13} \ {\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$, complementing the projected constraints of next-generation ALP dark matter birefringent cavity searches for very-light ALPs. Finally, we show that a 200-ks $AXIS$/on-axis observation of NGC 1275 will tighten the current best constraints on very-light ALPs by a factor of 3.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2022

Evidence for a moderate spin from X-ray reflection of the high-mass supermassive black hole in the cluster-hosted quasar H1821+643

We present an analysis of deep $Chandra$ Low-Energy and High-Energy Transmission Grating archival observations of the extraordinarily luminous radio-quiet quasar H1821+643, hosted by a rich and massive cool-core cluster at redshift $z=0.3$. These datasets provide high-resolution spectra of the AGN at two epochs, free from contamination by the intracluster medium and from the effects of photon pile-up, providing a sensitive probe of the iron-$K$ band. At both epochs, the spectrum is well described by a power-law continuum plus X-ray reflection from both the inner accretion disc and cold, slowly-moving distant matter. Adopting this framework, we proceed to examine the properties of the inner disc and the black hole spin. Using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, we combine constraints from the two epochs assuming that the black hole spin, inner disc inclination, and inner disc iron abundance are invariant. The black hole spin is found to be modest, with a 90$\%$ credible range of ${a}^{*}=0.62^{+0.22}_{-0.37}$; and, with a mass $M_\mathrm{BH}$ in the range $\log (M_\mathrm{BH}/M_\odot)\sim 9.2-10.5$, this is the most massive black hole candidate for which a well-defined spin constraint has yet been obtained. The modest spin of this black hole supports previous suggestions that the most massive black holes may grow via incoherent or chaotic accretion and/or SMBH-SMBH mergers.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2022

How do Magnetic Field Models Affect Astrophysical Limits on Light Axion-like Particles? An X-ray Case Study with NGC 1275

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are a well-motivated extension to the standard model of particle physics, and X-ray observations of cluster-hosted AGN currently place the most stringent constraints on the ALP coupling to electromagnetism, $g_{a γ}$, for very light ALPs ($m_a\lesssim10^{-11}$ eV). We revisit limits obtained by Reynolds et al. (2020) using Chandra X-ray grating spectroscopy of NGC 1275, the central AGN in the Perseus cluster, examining the impact of the X-ray spectral model and magnetic field model. We also present a new publicly available code, ALPro, which we use to solve the ALP propagation problem. We discuss evidence for turbulent magnetic fields in Perseus and show that it can be important to resolve the magnetic field structure on scales below the coherence length. We re-analyse the NGC 1275 X-ray spectra using an improved data reduction and baseline spectral model. We find the limits are insensitive to whether a partially covering absorber is used in the fits. At low $m_a$ ($m_a\lesssim10^{-13}$ eV), we find marginally weaker limits on $g_{a γ}$ (by $0.1-0.3$ dex) with different magnetic field models, compared to Model B from Reynolds et al. (2020). A Gaussian random field (GRF) model designed to mimic $\sim50$ kpc scale coherent structures also results in only slightly weaker limits. We conclude that the existing Model B limits are robust assuming that $β_{\rm pl}\approx100$, and are insensitive to whether cell-based or GRF methods are used. However, astrophysical uncertainties regarding the strength and structure of cluster magnetic fields persist, motivating high sensitivity RM observations and tighter constraints on the radial profile of $β_{\rm pl}$.

astro-ph.HE↗