arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J. -P. Allouche.
The critical exponent of an infinite word $\bf x$ is the supremum, over all finite nonempty factors $f$, of the exponent of $f$. In this note we show that for all integers $k\geq 2,$ there is a binary infinite $k$-automatic sequence with critical exponent $\leq 7/3$. The same conclusion holds for Fibonacci-automatic and Tribonacci-automatic sequences.
In this work we introduce a new notion called opacity complexity to measure the complexity of automatic sequences. We study basic properties of this notion, and exhibit an algorithm to compute it. As applications, we compute the opacity complexity of some well-known automatic sequences, including in particular constant sequences, purely periodic sequences, the Thue-Morse sequence, the period-doubling sequence, the Golay-Shapiro(-Rudin) sequence, the paperfolding sequence, the Baum-Sweet sequence, the Tower of Hanoi sequence, and so on.
Following our discovery of a nice identity in a recent preprint of Hu and Kim, we show a link between the Kurokawa multiple trigonometric functions and two functions introduced respectively by Borwein-Dykshoorn and by Adamchik. In particular several identities involving $ζ(3)$, $π$ and the Catalan constant $G$ that are proved in these three papers are related.
Automatic sequences have many properties that other sequences (in particular, non-uniformly morphic sequences) do not necessarily share. In this paper we survey a number of different methods that can be used to prove that a given sequence is not automatic. When the sequences take their values in the finite field ${\mathbb F}_q$, this also permits proving that the associated formal power series are transcendental over ${\mathbb F}_q(X)$.
An automatic sequence is a letter-to-letter coding of a fixed point of a uniform morphism. More generally, we have morphic sequences, which are letter-to-letter codings of fixed points of arbitrary morphisms. There are many examples where an, a priori, morphic sequence with a \emph{non-uniform} morphism happens to be an automatic sequence. An example is the Lysënok morphism $a \to aca$, $b \to d$, $c \to b$, $d \to c$, the fixed point of which is also a 2-automatic sequence. Such an identification is useful for the description of the dynamical systems generated by the fixed point. We give several ways to uncover such hidden automatic sequences, and present many examples. We focus in particular on morphisms associated with Grigorchuk(-like) groups.
Sequences with {\em perfect linear complexity profile} were defined more than thirty years ago in the study of measures of randomness for binary sequences. More recently {\em apwenian sequences}, first with values $\pm 1$, then with values in $\{0, 1\}$, were introduced in the study of Hankel determinants of automatic sequences. We explain that these two families of sequences are the same up to indexing, and give consequences and questions that this implies. We hope that this will help gathering two distinct communities of researchers.
We prove a number of conjectures [arXiv:2005.04066] recently stated by P. Barry, related to the paperfolding sequence and the Rueppel sequence.
We prove three conjectures, related to the paperfolding sequence, in a recent paper [arXiv:2005.04066] of P. Barry.
What is the product of all {\em odious} integers, i.e., of all integers whose binary expansion contains an odd number of $1$'s? Or more precisely, how to define a product of these integers which is not infinite, but still has a "reasonable" definition? We will answer this question by proving that this product is equal to $π^{1/4} \sqrt{2 φe^{-γ}}$, where $γ$ and $φ$ are respectively the Euler-Mascheroni and the Flajolet-Martin constants.
A generalized Beatty sequence is a sequence $V$ defined by $V(n)=p\lfloor{nα}\rfloor+qn +r$, for $n=1,2,\dots$, where $α$ is a real number, and $p,q,r$ are integers. These occur in several problems, as for instance in homomorphic embeddings of Sturmian languages in the integers. Our results are for the case that $α$ is the golden mean, but we show how some results generalise to arbitrary quadratic irrationals. We mainly consider the following question: For which sixtuples of integers $p,q,r,s,t,u$ are the two sequences $V=(p\lfloor{nα}\rfloor+qn +r)$ and $W=(s\lfloor{nα}\rfloor+tn +u)$ complementary sequences? We also study complementary triples, i.e., three sequences $V_i=(p_i\lfloor{nα}\rfloor+q_in+r_i), \:i=1,2,3$, with the property that the sets they determine are disjoint with union the positive integers.
We study the autocorrelation coefficients of the Rudin-Shapiro polynomials, proving in particular that their maximum on the interval $[1, 2^n)$ is bounded from below by $C_1 2^{αn}$ and is bounded from above by $C_2 2^{α' n}$ where $α= 0.7302852...$ and $α' = 0.7302867...$.
We find an explicit closed form for the subword complexity of the infinite fixed point of the morphism sending $a \rightarrow aab$ and $b \rightarrow b$. This morphism is then generalized in three different ways, and we find similar explicit expressions for the subword complexity of the generalizations.
Following up on a paper of Balamohan, Kuznetsov, and Tanny, we analyze a variant of Hofstadter's Q-sequence and show it is 2-automatic. An automaton computing the sequence is explicitly given.
The Hadamard product of two power series $\sum a_n z^n$ and $\sum b_n z^n$ is the power series $\sum a_n b_n z^n$. We define the (Hadamard) grade of a power series $A$ to be the least number (finite or infinite) of algebraic power series, the Hadamard product of which equals $A$. We study and discuss this notion.
We revisit the relation between the von Koch curve and the Thue-Morse sequence given in a recent paper of Ma and Goldener by relating their study to papers written by Coquet and Dekking at the beginning of the 80s. We also emphasize that more general links between fractal objects and automatic sequences can be found in the literature.
We study Pisot numbers $β\in (1, 2)$ which are univoque, i.e., such that there exists only one representation of 1 as $1 = \sum_{n \geq 1} s_nβ^{-n}$, with $s_n \in \{0, 1\}$. We prove in particular that there exists a smallest univoque Pisot number, which has degree 14. Furthermore we give the smallest limit point of the set of univoque Pisot numbers.
This paper is a promenade around the product $$ P_n(x) := \sin x \sin 2x \sin 4x ... \sin 2^n x. $$