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J. Besprosvany

Publications and source records attributed to J. Besprosvany.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2021

Compositeness, Bargmann-Wigner solutions within a U(1)-interaction quantum-field-theory expansion, and charge

New solutions of the Bargmann-Wigner equations are obtained: free fermion-antifermion pairs, each satisfying Dirac's equation, with parallel momenta and momenta on a plane, produce vectors satisfying Proca's equations. These equations are consistent with Dirac's and Maxwell's equations, as zero-order conditions within a Lagrangian expansion for the U(1)-symmetry quantum field theory. Such vector solutions' demand that they satisfy Maxwell's equations and quantization fix the charge. The current equates the vector field, reproducing the superconductivity London equations, thus, binding and screening conditions. The derived vertex connects to QCD superconductivity and constrains four-fermion interaction composite models.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2019

Heavy quarks within the electroweak multiplet

Standard-model fields and their associated electroweak Lagrangian are equivalently expressed in a shared spin basis. The scalar-vector terms are written with scalar-operator components acting on quark-doublet elements, and shown to be parametrization-invariant. Such terms, and the t- and b-quark Yukawa terms are linked by the identification of the common mass-generating Higgs operating upon the other fields, after acquiring a vacuum expectation value $v$. Thus, the customary vector masses are related to the fermions', fixing the t-quark mass $m_t$ with the relation $m^2_t+m^2_b=v^2/2$ either for maximal hierarchy, or given the b-quark mass $m_b$, implying $m_t \simeq 173.9$ GeV, for $v=246$ GeV. A sum rule is derived for all quark masses that generalizes this restriction. An interpretation follows that electroweak bosons and heavy quarks belong in a multiplet.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2016

Quark horizontal flavor symmetry and two-Higgs doublet in (7+1)-dimensional extended spin space

An extended spin-space model in $7+1$ dimensions is presented that describes the standard-model electroweak quark sector. Up to four generations of massless and massive quarks and two-Higgs doublets derive from the associated representation space, in addition to the W- and Z-vector bosons. Other mass operators are obtained that put restrictions on additional non-Higgs scalars and their vacuum expectation value. After symmetry breaking, the scalar components give rise to a hierarchy effect vertically (within doublets) associated to the Higgs fields, and horizontally (within generations) associated to the non-Higgs elements.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2015

Particles within extended-spin space: Lagrangian connection

A spin-space extension is reviewed, which provides information on the standard model. Its defining feature is a common matrix space that describes symmetries and representations, and leads to limits on these, for given dimension. The model provides additional information on the standard model, whose interpretation requires an interactive formulation. Within this program, we compare the model's lepton-W generated interactive Lagrangian in (5+1)-dimensions, and that of the standard model. We derive the conditions for this matching, which apply to other Lagrangian terms. We also discuss the advantages of this extension, as compared to others.

hep-th↗
arXiv2014

Representation of quantum field theory in an extended spin space and fermion mass hierarchy

We consider a matrix space based on the spin degree of freedom, describing both a Hilbert state space, and its corresponding symmetry operators. Under the requirement that the Lorentz symmetry be kept, at given dimension, scalar symmetries, and their representations are determined. Symmetries are flavor or gauge-like, with fixed chirality. After spin 0, 1/2, and 1 fields are obtained in this space, we construct associated interactive gauge-invariant renormalizable terms, showing their equivalence to a Lagrangian formulation, using as example the previously studied (5+1)-dimensional case, with many standard-model connections. At 7+1 dimensions, a pair of Higgs-like scalar Lagrangian is obtained naturally producing mass hierarchy within a fermion flavor doublet.

hep-th↗
arXiv2007

Cosmology with dark energy decaying through its chemical-potential contribution

The consideration of dark energy's quanta, required also by thermodynamics, introduces its chemical potential into the cosmological equations. Isolating its main contribution, we obtain solutions with dark energy decaying to matter or radiation. When dominant, their energy densities tend asymptotically to a constant ratio, explaining today's dark energy-dark matter coincidence, and in agreement with supernova redshift data.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2005

Cosmology from decaying dark energy, primordial at the Planck scale

The consideration of dark energy's quanta, required also by thermodynamics, introduces its chemical potential into the cosmological equations. Isolating its main contribution, we obtain solutions with dark energy decaying to matter or radiation. When dominant, their energy densities tend asymptotically to a constant ratio, explaining today's dark energy-dark matter coincidence, and in agreement with supernova redshift data, and a universe-age constraint. This also connects the Planck's and today's scales through time. This decay may be manifested in the highest-energy cosmic rays, recently detected.

astro-ph↗
arXiv2003

Standard-model coupling constants from compositeness

A coupling-constant definition is given based on the compositeness property of some particle states with respect to the elementary states of other particles. It is applied in the context of the vector-spin-1/2-particle interaction vertices of a field theory, and the standard model. The definition reproduces Weinberg's angle in a grand-unified theory. One obtains coupling values close to the experimental ones for appropriate configurations of the standard-model vector particles, at the unification scale within grand-unified models, and at the electroweak breaking scale.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2002

Electroweakly interacting scalar and gauge bosons, and leptons, from field equations on spin 5+1 dimensional space

Unification ideas motivate the formulation of field equations on an extended spin space. Demanding that the Poincare symmetry be maintained, one derives scalar symmetries that are associated with flavor and gauge groups. Boson and fermion solutions are obtained with a fixed representation. A field theory can be equivalently written and interpreted in terms of elements of such space and is similarly constrained. At 5+1 dimensions, one obtains isospin and hypercharge SU(2)_L X U(1) symmetries, their vector carriers, two-flavor charged and chargeless leptons, and scalar particles. Mass terms produce breaking of the symmetry to an electromagnetic U(1), a Weinberg's angle with sin^2(theta_W)=.25, and additional information on the respective coupling constants. Their underlying spin symmetry gives information on the particles' masses; one reproduces the standard-model ratio M_Z/M_W, and predicts a Higgs mass of M_H ~114 GeV, at tree level.

hep-th↗
arXiv2002

Relationship between the wave function and space

We criticize the current standard interpretation of quantum mechanics, review its paradoxes with attention to non-locality, and conclude that a reconsideration of it must be made. We underline the incompatibility of the conceptions ascribed to space of field, and stage in modern theories, with differing roles for coordinates. We hence trace the non-locality difficulty to the identification of the basis space of the wave function and physical space. An interpretation of the wave function in which space loses its stage use at the local level, and its physical (field) meaning is assigned to the wave function, can solve this difficulty. An application of this proposal implies a field-equation extension based on a unified description of bosons and fermions able to provide new information on the standard model.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2002

Standard-model particles and interactions from field equations on spin 9+1 dimensional space

We consider a Dirac equation set on an extended spin space that contains fermion and boson solutions. At given dimension, it determines the scalar symmetries. The standard field equations can be equivalently written in terms of such degrees of freedom, and are similarly constrained. At 9+1 dimensions, the SU(3) X SU(2)_L X U(1) gauge groups emerge, as well as solution representations with quantum numbers of related gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, Higgs-like particles and others as lepto-quarks. Information on the coupling constants is also provided; e. g., for the hypercharge g'=(1/2) sqrt(3/5) ~ >.387, at tree level.

hep-th↗
arXiv2002

Gauge and space-time symmetry unification

Unification ideas suggest an integral treatment of fermion and boson spin and gauge-group degrees of freedom. Hence, a generalized quantum field equation, based on Dirac's, is proposed and investigated which contains gauge and flavor symmetries, determines vector gauge field and fermion solution representations, and fixes their mode of interaction. The simplest extension of the theory with a 6-dimensional Clifford algebra predicts an SU(2)_L X U(1) symmetry, which is associated with the isospin and the hypercharge, their vector carriers, two-flavor charged and chargeless leptons, and scalar particles. A mass term produces breaking of the symmetry to an electromagnetic U(1), and a Weinberg's angle theta_W with sin^2(theta_W)=.25 . A more realistic 8-d extension gives coupling constants of the respective groups g=1/sqrt 2~.707 and g'=1/sqrt 6~.408, with the same theta_W.

hep-th↗
arXiv2001

Axially asymmetric fermion scattering off electroweak phase transition bubble walls with hypermagnetic fields

We show that in the presence of large scale primordial hypermagnetic fields, it is possible to generate an axial asymmetry for a first order electroweak phase transition. This happens during the reflection and transmission of fermions off the true vacuum bubbles, due to the chiral nature of the fermion coupling with the background field in the symmetric phase. We derive and solve the Dirac equation for such fermions and compute the reflection and transmission coefficients for the case when these fermions move from the symmetric to the symmetry broken phase. We also comment on the possible implications of such axial charge segregation processes for baryon number generation.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2001

Compactification with U(1) magnetic field within Dirac supersymmetry

We consider Dirac-supersymmetric interactions, which produce CP-conserving separation of positive and negative energy solutions in the Dirac equation in order to investigate an alternative to the Kaluza-Klein mechanism. We review conditions under which separation is possible into free particle and compactified behaviors in different dimensions, with attention to spin degrees of freedom. We show a U(1) constant magnetic field produces such kind of behavior; an explicit treatment is given to the 6-d to 4-d and 4-d to 2-d breaking cases and the spectrum is obtained. A dynamical mass-creation mechanism is suggested from the procedure.

hep-th↗