arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J. Frenkel.
We study, in the long wave-length and static limits, the structure of the n-point graviton functions at high temperature. Using the gauge and Weyl invariance of the theory, we derive a simple expression for the hard thermal amplitudes in these two limits.
We study, in a d-dimensional space-time, the nonanalyticity of the thermal free energy in the scalar phi^4 theory as well as in QED. We find that the infrared divergent contributions induce, when d is even, a nonanalyticity in the coupling alpha of the form (alpha)^[(d-1)/2] whereas when d is odd the nonanalyticity is only logarithmic.
We derive a closed-form result for the leading thermal contributions which appear in the n-dimensional phi3 theory at high temperature. These contributions become local only in the long wavelength and in the static limits, being given by different expressions in these two limits.
We show, in the imaginary time formalism, that the temperature dependent parts of all the retarded (advanced) amplitudes vanish in the Schwinger model. We trace this behavior to the CPT invariance of the theory and give a physical interpretation of this result in terms of forward scattering amplitudes of on-shell thermal particles.
From microscopic models, a Langevin equation can in general be derived only as an approximation. Two possible conditions to validate this approximation are studied. One is, for a linear Langevin equation, that the frequency of the Fourier transform should be close to the natural frequency of the system. The other is by the assumption of `slow' variables. We test this method by comparison with an exactly soluble model, and point out its limitations. We base our discussion on two approaches. The first is a direct, elementary treatment of Senitzky. The second is via a generalized Langevn equation as an intermediate step.
In the Schwinger model at finite temperature, we derive a closed form result for the chiral anomaly which arises from the long distance behavior of the electric field \cite{frenkel}. We discuss the general properties associated with this thermal anomaly as well as its relation with the "index" of the Dirac operator. We further show that the thermal anomaly, like the zero temperature anomaly which arises from the ultraviolet behavior of the theory, does not receive any contribution from higher loops. Finally, we determine the complete effective action as well as the anomaly functional on both the thermal branches in the closed time path formalism.
We study the Schwinger model at finite temperature and show that a temperature dependent chiral anomaly may arise from the long distance behavior of the electric field. At high temperature this anomaly depends linearly on the temperature $T$ and is present not only in the two point function, but also in all even point amplitudes.
In continuation of our earlier proposal for evaluating thermal effective actions, we determine the exact fermion propagator in 1+1 dimensional massive QED. This propagator is used to derive the finite temperature effective action of the theory which generates systematically all the one loop Feynman amplitudes calculated in thermal perturbation theory. Various aspects of the effective action including its imaginary part are discussed.
This is a more detailed version of our recent paper where we proposed, from first principles, a direct method for evaluating the exact fermion propagator in the presence of a general background field at finite temperature. This can, in turn, be used to determine the finite temperature effective action for the system. As applications, we discuss the complete one loop finite temperature effective actions for 0+1 dimensional QED as well as for the Schwinger model in detail. These effective actions, which are derived in the real time (closed time path) formalism, generate systematically all the Feynman amplitudes calculated in thermal perturbation theory and also show that the retarded (advanced) amplitudes vanish in these theories. Various other aspects of the problem are also discussed in detail.
We present, from first principles, a direct method for evaluating the exact fermion propagator in the presence of a general background field at finite temperature, which can be used to determine the finite temperature effective action for the system. As applications, we determine the complete one loop finite temperature effective actions for 0+1 dimensional QED as well as the Schwinger model. These effective actions, which are derived in the real time (closed time path) formalism, generate systematically all the Feynman amplitudes calculated in thermal perturbation theory and also show that the retarded (advanced) amplitudes vanish in these theories.
We derive a closed form expression for the sum of all the infrared divergent contributions to the free-energy of a gas of gravitons. An important ingredient of our calculation is the use of a gauge fixing procedure such that the graviton propagator becomes both traceless and transverse. This has been shown to be possible, in a previous work, using a general gauge fixing procedure, in the context of the lowest order expansion of the Einstein-Hilbert action, describing non-interacting spin two fields. In order to encompass the problems involving thermal loops, such as the resummation of the free-energy, in the present work, we have extended this procedure to the situations when the interactions are taken into account.
We study, in the imaginary-time formalism, the high temperature behavior of n-point thermal loops in static Yang-Mills and gravitational fields. We show that in this regime, any hard thermal loop gives the same leading contribution as the one obtained by evaluating the loop at zero external energies and momenta.
We study the question of stability of the ground state of a scalar theory which is a generalization of the phi^3 theory and has some similarity to gravity with a cosmological constant. We show that the ground state of the theory at zero temperature becomes unstable above a certain critical temperature, which is evaluated in closed form at high temperature.
It is shown that in quantum gravity at finite temperature, the effective potential evaluated in the tadpole approximation can have a local minimum below a certain critical temperature. However, when the leading higher order thermal loop corrections are included, one finds that no static solution exists at high temperature.
Through the application of the thermal operator to the zero temperature retarded Green's functions, we derive in a simple way the well known hard thermal effective action in QCD. By relating these functions to forward scattering amplitudes for on-shell particles, this derivation also clarifies the origin of important properties of the hard thermal effective action, such as the manifest Lorentz and gauge invariance of its integrand.
Combining the thermal operator representation with the dispersion relation in QED at finite temperature and chemical potential, we determine the complete retarded photon self-energy only from its absorptive part at zero temperature. As an application of this method, we show that, even for the case of a nonzero chemical potential, the temperature dependent part of the one loop retarded photon self-energy vanishes in $(1+1)$ dimensional massless QED.
We consider the fermionic contributions to the free energy of noncommutative QED at finite temperature $T$. This analysis extends the main results of our previous investigation where we have considered the pure bosonic sector of the theory. For large values of $θT^2$ ($θ$ is the magnitude of the noncommutative parameters) the fermionic contributions decrease the value of the critical temperature, above which there occurs a thermodynamic instability.
We derive the properties of hard thermal effective actions in gauge theories from the point of view of Schwinger's proper time formulation. This analysis is simplified by introducing a set of generalized energy and momenta which are conserved and are non-local in general. These constants of motion, which embody energy-momentum exchanges between the fields and the particles along their trajectories, can be related to a class of gauge invariant or covariant potentials in the hard thermal regime. We show that in this regime the generalized energy, which is non-local in general, generates the relevant non-local behavior of hard thermal effective actions which become local only in the static limit.