arXiv subjects

J. Hoessl

Publications and source records attributed to J. Hoessl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Search for Double Beta Decays of $^{134}$Xe with EXO-200 Phase II

EXO-200 was a leading double beta decay experiment consisting of a single-phase, enriched liquid xenon time projection chamber filled with an admixture of 80.672% $^{136}$Xe and 19.098% $^{134}$Xe. The detector operated at WIPP between 2010 and 2018 and was designed to search for double beta decay of $^{136}$Xe. Data was acquired in two phases separated by a period of detector upgrades. We report on the search for $0\nu\beta\beta$ and $2\nu\beta\beta$ decay of $^{134}$Xe with Phase II EXO-200 data, with median 90% C.L. exclusion sensitivity $T_{1/2}^{0\nu} \geq 3.7\times 10^{23}$ yr and $T_{1/2}^{2\nu} \geq 2.6 \times 10^{21}$ yr, respectively. No statistically significant signal is observed for either decay mode. We set a world-leading lower limit on the half-life of the neutrinoless decay mode of $^{134}$Xe of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu} \geq 8.7\times10^{23}$ (90% C.L.) and the second strongest constraint on the two-neutrino decay of $T_{1/2}^{2\nu} \geq 2.9\times10^{21}$ (90% C.L.), a 3-fold improvement over the EXO-200 Phase I measurement. New constraints are also set for the $2\nu\beta\beta$ and $0\nu\beta\beta$ decays of $^{134}$Xe to the lowest excited state of $^{134}$Ba.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2023

Search for Two-neutrino Double-Beta Decay of $^{136}\rm Xe$ to the $0^+_1$ excited state of $^{136}\rm Ba$ with the Complete EXO-200 Dataset

A new search for two-neutrino double-beta ($2νββ$) decay of $^{136}\rm Xe$ to the $0^+_1$ excited state of $^{136}\rm Ba$ is performed with the full EXO-200 dataset. A deep learning-based convolutional neural network is used to discriminate signal from background events. Signal detection efficiency is increased relative to previous searches by EXO-200 by more than a factor of two. With the addition of the Phase II dataset taken with an upgraded detector, the median 90$\%$ confidence level half-life sensitivity of $2νββ$ decay to the $0^+_1$ state of $^{136}\rm Ba$ is $2.9 \times 10^{24}~\rm yr$ using a total $^{136}\rm Xe$ exposure of $234.1~\rm kg~yr$. No statistically significant evidence for $2νββ$ decay to the $0^+_1$ state is observed, leading to a lower limit of $T^{2ν}_{1/2}(0^+ \rightarrow 0^+_1) > 1.4\times10^{24}~\rm yr$ at 90$\%$ confidence level, improved by 70$\%$ relative to the current world's best constraint.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2023

Generative Adversarial Networks for Scintillation Signal Simulation in EXO-200

Generative Adversarial Networks trained on samples of simulated or actual events have been proposed as a way of generating large simulated datasets at a reduced computational cost. In this work, a novel approach to perform the simulation of photodetector signals from the time projection chamber of the EXO-200 experiment is demonstrated. The method is based on a Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network - a deep learning technique allowing for implicit non-parametric estimation of the population distribution for a given set of objects. Our network is trained on real calibration data using raw scintillation waveforms as input. We find that it is able to produce high-quality simulated waveforms an order of magnitude faster than the traditional simulation approach and, importantly, generalize from the training sample and discern salient high-level features of the data. In particular, the network correctly deduces position dependency of scintillation light response in the detector and correctly recognizes dead photodetector channels. The network output is then integrated into the EXO-200 analysis framework to show that the standard EXO-200 reconstruction routine processes the simulated waveforms to produce energy distributions comparable to that of real waveforms. Finally, the remaining discrepancies and potential ways to improve the approach further are highlighted.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2023

Search for MeV Electron Recoils from Dark Matter in EXO-200

We present a search for electron-recoil signatures from the charged-current absorption of fermionic dark matter using the EXO-200 detector. We report an average electron recoil background rate of $6.8 \times 10^{-4}\, \mathrm{cts}\,\mathrm{kg}^{-1}\mathrm{yr}^{-1}\mathrm{keV}^{-1}$ above $4\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and find no statistically significant excess over our background projection. Using a total ${}^{136}\mathrm{Xe}$ exposure of $234.1\,\mathrm{kg}\,\mathrm{yr}$ we exclude new parameter space for the charged-current absorption cross-section for dark matter masses between $m_χ= 2.6\,\mathrm{MeV} - 11.6\,\mathrm{MeV}$ with a minimum of $6\times 10^{-51}\,\mathrm{cm}^2$ at $8.3\,\mathrm{MeV}$ at the $90\%$ confidence level.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Search for secluded dark matter towards the Galactic Centre with the ANTARES neutrino telescope

Searches for dark matter (DM) have not provided any solid evidence for the existence of weakly interacting massive particles in the GeV-TeV mass range. Coincidentally, the scale of new physics is being pushed by collider searches well beyond the TeV domain. This situation strongly motivates the exploration of DM masses much larger than a TeV. Secluded scenarios contain a natural way around the unitarity bound on the DM mass, via the early matter domination induced by the mediator of its interactions with the Standard Model. High-energy neutrinos constitute one of the very few direct accesses to energy scales above a few TeV. An indirect search for secluded DM signals has been performed with the ANTARES neutrino telescope using data from 2007 to 2015. Upper limits on the DM annihilation cross section for DM masses up to 6 PeV are presented and discussed.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

Search for Majoron-emitting modes of $^{136}$Xe double beta decay with the complete EXO-200 dataset

A search for Majoron-emitting modes of the neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{136}$Xe is performed with the full EXO-200 dataset. This dataset consists of a total $^{136}$Xe exposure of 234.1 kg$\cdot$yr, and includes data with detector upgrades that have improved the energy threshold relative to previous searches. A lower limit of T$_{1/2}^{\rm{^{136}Xe}}>$4.3$\cdot$10$^{24}$ yr at 90\% C.L. on the half-life of the spectral index $n=1$ Majoron decay was obtained, a factor of 3.6 more stringent than the previous limit from EXO-200, corresponding to a constraint on the Majoron-neutrino coupling constant of $|\langle g_{ee}^{M}\rangle|$$<(0.4$-$0.9)\cdot10^{-5}$. The lower threshold and the additional data taken resulted in a factor 8.4 improvement for the $n=7$ mode compared to the previous EXO search. This search provides the most stringent limits to-date on the Majoron-emitting decays of $^{136}$Xe with spectral indices $n=1,2,3,$ and 7.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2020

Measurement of the scintillation and ionization response of liquid xenon at MeV energies in the EXO-200 experiment

Liquid xenon (LXe) is employed in a number of current and future detectors for rare event searches. We use the EXO-200 experimental data to measure the absolute scintillation and ionization yields generated by $γ$ interactions from $^{228}$Th (2615~keV), $^{226}$Ra (1764~keV) and $^{60}$Co (1332~keV and 1173~keV) calibration sources, over a range of electric fields. The $W$-value that defines the recombination-independent energy scale is measured to be $11.5~\pm~0.5$~(syst.)~$\pm~0.1$~(stat.) eV. These data are also used to measure the recombination fluctuations in the number of electrons and photons produced by the calibration sources at the MeV-scale, which deviate from extrapolations of lower-energy data. Additionally, a semi-empirical model for the energy resolution of the detector is developed, which is used to constrain the recombination efficiency, i.e., the fraction of recombined electrons that result in the emission of a detectable photon. Detailed measurements of the absolute charge and light yields for MeV-scale electron recoils are important for predicting the performance of future neutrinoless double beta decay detectors.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2020

Measurement of the Spectral Shape of the beta-decay of 137Xe to the Ground State of 137Cs in EXO-200 and Comparison with Theory

We report on a comparison between the theoretically predicted and experimentally measured spectra of the first-forbidden non-unique $β$-decay transition $^{137}\textrm{Xe}(7/2^-)\to\,^{137}\textrm{Cs}(7/2^+)$. The experimental data were acquired by the EXO-200 experiment during a deployment of an AmBe neutron source. The ultra-low background environment of EXO-200, together with dedicated source deployment and analysis procedures, allowed for collection of a pure sample of the decays, with an estimated signal-to-background ratio of more than 99-to-1 in the energy range from 1075 to 4175 keV. In addition to providing a rare and accurate measurement of the first-forbidden non-unique $β$-decay shape, this work constitutes a novel test of the calculated electron spectral shapes in the context of the reactor antineutrino anomaly and spectral bump.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2019

Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay with the Complete EXO-200 Dataset

A search for neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0νββ$) in $^{136}$Xe is performed with the full EXO-200 dataset using a deep neural network to discriminate between $0νββ$ and background events. Relative to previous analyses, the signal detection efficiency has been raised from 80.8% to 96.4$\pm$3.0% and the energy resolution of the detector at the Q-value of $^{136}$Xe $0νββ$ has been improved from $σ/E=1.23\%$ to $1.15\pm0.02\%$ with the upgraded detector. Accounting for the new data, the median 90% confidence level $0νββ$ half-life sensitivity for this analysis is $5.0 \cdot 10^{25}$ yr with a total $^{136}$Xe exposure of 234.1 kg$\cdot$yr. No statistically significant evidence for $0νββ$ is observed, leading to a lower limit on the $0νββ$ half-life of $3.5\cdot10^{25}$ yr at the 90% confidence level.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2018

Deep Neural Networks for Energy and Position Reconstruction in EXO-200

We apply deep neural networks (DNN) to data from the EXO-200 experiment. In the studied cases, the DNN is able to reconstruct the relevant parameters - total energy and position - directly from raw digitized waveforms, with minimal exceptions. For the first time, the developed algorithms are evaluated on real detector calibration data. The accuracy of reconstruction either reaches or exceeds what was achieved by the conventional approaches developed by EXO-200 over the course of the experiment. Most existing DNN approaches to event reconstruction and classification in particle physics are trained on Monte Carlo simulated events. Such algorithms are inherently limited by the accuracy of the simulation. We describe a unique approach that, in an experiment such as EXO-200, allows to successfully perform certain reconstruction and analysis tasks by training the network on waveforms from experimental data, either reducing or eliminating the reliance on the Monte Carlo.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2018

Search for nucleon decays with EXO-200

A search for instability of nucleons bound in $^{136}$Xe nuclei is reported with 223 kg$\cdot$yr exposure of $^{136}$Xe in the EXO-200 experiment. Lifetime limits of 3.3$\times 10^{23}$ and 1.9$\times 10^{23}$ yrs are established for nucleon decay to $^{133}$Sb and $^{133}$Te, respectively. These are the most stringent to date, exceeding the prior decay limits by a factor of 9 and 7, respectively.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2018

Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay with the Upgraded EXO-200 Detector

Results from a search for neutrinoless double-beta decay $0νββ$ of $^{136}$Xe are presented using the first year of data taken with the upgraded EXO-200 detector. Relative to previous searches by EXO-200, the energy resolution of the detector has been improved to $σ/E$=1.23%, the electric field in the drift region has been raised by 50%, and a system to suppress radon in the volume between the cryostat and lead shielding has been implemented. In addition, analysis techniques that improve topological discrimination between $0νββ$ and background events have been developed. Incorporating these hardware and analysis improvements, the median 90% confidence level $0νββ$ half-life sensitivity after combining with the full data set acquired before the upgrade has increased 2-fold to $3.7 \times 10^{25}$ yr. No statistically significant evidence for $0νββ$ is observed, leading to a lower limit on the $0νββ$ half-life of $1.8\times10^{25}$ yr at the 90% confidence level.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2017

Searches for Double Beta Decay of $^{134}$Xe with EXO-200

Searches for double beta decay of $^{134}$Xe were performed with EXO-200, a single-phase liquid xenon detector designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{136}$Xe. Using an exposure of $29.6\text{ kg}\!\cdot\!\text{yr}$, the lower limits of $\text{T}_{1/2}^{2νβ\!β}>8.7\cdot10^{20}\text{ yr}$ and $\text{T}_{1/2}^{0νβ\!β}>1.1\cdot10^{23}\text{ yr}$ at 90% confidence level were derived, with corresponding half-life sensitivities of $1.2\cdot10^{21}\text{ yr}$ and $1.9\cdot10^{23}\text{ yr}$. These limits exceed those in the literature for $^{134}$Xe, improving by factors of nearly $10^{5}$ and 2 for the two antineutrino and neutrinoless modes, respectively.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2017

Search for High-energy Neutrinos from Gravitational Wave Event GW151226 and Candidate LVT151012 with ANTARES and IceCube

The Advanced LIGO observatories detected gravitational waves from two binary black hole mergers during their first observation run (O1). We present a high-energy neutrino follow-up search for the second gravitational wave event, GW151226, as well as for gravitational wave candidate LVT151012. We find 2 and 4 neutrino candidates detected by IceCube, and 1 and 0 detected by ANTARES, within $\pm500$ s around the respective gravitational wave signals, consistent with the expected background rate. None of these neutrino candidates are found to be directionally coincident with GW151226 or LVT151012. We use non-detection to constrain isotropic-equivalent high-energy neutrino emission from GW151226 adopting the GW event's 3D localization, to less than $2\times 10^{51}-2\times10^{54}$ erg.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2017

Trace radioactive impurities in final construction materials for EXO-200

We report results from a systematic measurement campaign conducted to identify low radioactivity materials for the construction of the EXO-200 double beta decay experiment. Partial results from this campaign have already been reported in a 2008 paper by the EXO collaboration. Here we release the remaining data, collected since 2007, to the public. The data reported were obtained using a variety of analytic techniques. The measurement sensitivities are among the best in the field. Construction of the EXO-200 detector has been concluded, and Phase-I data was taken from 2011 to 2014. The detector's extremely low background implicitly verifies the measurements and the analysis assumptions made during construction and reported in this paper.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2012

Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations with the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

The data taken with the ANTARES neutrino telescope from 2007 to 2010, a total live time of 863 days, are used to measure the oscillation parameters of atmospheric neutrinos. Muon tracks are reconstructed with energies as low as 20 GeV. Neutrino oscillations will cause a suppression of vertical upgoing muon neutrinos of such energies crossing the Earth. The parameters determining the oscillation of atmospheric neutrinos are extracted by fitting the event rate as a function of the ratio of the estimated neutrino energy and reconstructed flight path through the Earth. Measurement contours of the oscillation parameters in a two-flavour approximation are derived. Assuming maximum mixing, a mass difference of $Δm_{32}^2=(3.1\pm 0.9)\cdot 10^{-3}$ eV$^2$ is obtained, in good agreement with the world average value.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2009

Reconstruction methods for acoustic particle detection in the deep sea using clusters of hydrophones

This article focuses on techniques for acoustic noise reduction, signal filters and source reconstruction. For noise reduction, bandpass filters and cross correlations are found to be efficient and fast ways to improve the signal to noise ratio and identify a possible neutrino-induced acoustic signal. The reconstruction of the position of an acoustic point source in the sea is performed by using small-volume clusters of hydrophones (about 1 cubic meter) for direction reconstruction by a beamforming algorithm. The directional information from a number of such clusters allows for position reconstruction. The algorithms for data filtering, direction and position reconstruction are explained and demonstrated using simulated data.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2009

Position reconstruction of acoustic sources with the AMADEUS Detector

This article focuses on techniques for position reconstruction of acoustic point sources with the AMADEUS setup consisting of 36 acoustic sensors in the Mediterranean Sea. The direction reconstruction of an acoustic point source utilizes the information of the 6 small-volume hydrophone clusters of AMADEUS individually. Source position reconstruction is then done by combining the directional information of each cluster. The algorithms for direction and position reconstruction are explained and demonstrated using data taken in the deep sea.

astro-ph.IM↗