arXiv subjects

J. Miller

Publications and source records attributed to J. Miller.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Topological invariant responsible for the integer QHE and non-commutative geometry

We consider a wide class of $2D$ tight - binding models of solid state physics. These models are, in the most general case, non - homogeneous. The topological invariant ${\cal N}_3$ responsible for the quantization of the Hall conductivity, for the specific case of the integer quantum Hall effect in $2D$, is expressed through the Wigner transformation of the two-point electron Matsubara Green function. We express this invariant as a pairing of the element of the $K^{-1}$ group (generated by the Green function) with the specific element of the cyclic cohomology group $HC^3$. According to a set of local index theorems the values of ${\cal N}_3$ can be shown to be integer for a limited class of tight - binding models.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2025

Challenges and Optimization of Mu2e Proton Target Design with Radiative Cooling

The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will search for the charged lepton flavour violating process of coherent neutrinoless muon-to-electron conversion in the presence of an aluminum nucleus. The muons are produced by an 8 GeV proton beam from the Fermilab Booster striking a production target to create hadrons that decay to muons. The production target design space is strongly constrained by a required one-year operating lifetime and the need for radiative cooling in a vacuum. Uncertainties in the lifetime of the existing baseline design - a monolithic, segmented tungsten (WL10) target - are large, particularly due to unknown effects of radiation damage at the very high proton fluences expected in the experiment. We have begun evaluating a new design utilizing Inconel 718. Here, we present an engineering analysis of a prototype modular design. specifically thermal management, structural stability, fatigue lifetime, and fabrication changes. The results approve a promising new target design for the Mu2e experiment.

physics.acc-ph↗

arXiv2023

Workshop on a future muon program at FNAL

The Snowmass report on rare processes and precision measurements recommended Mu2e-II and a next generation muon facility at Fermilab (Advanced Muon Facility) as priorities for the frontier. The Workshop on a future muon program at FNAL was held in March 2023 to discuss design studies for Mu2e-II, organizing efforts for the next generation muon facility, and identify synergies with other efforts (e.g., muon collider). Topics included high-power targetry, status of R&D for Mu2e-II, development of compressor rings, FFA and concepts for muon experiments (conversion, decays, muonium and other opportunities) at AMF. This document summarizes the workshop discussions with a focus on future R&D tasks needed to realize these concepts.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2023

G4CMP: Condensed Matter Physics Simulation Using the Geant4 Toolkit

G4CMP simulates phonon and charge transport in cryogenic semiconductor crystals using the Geant4 toolkit. The transport code is capable of simulating the propagation of acoustic phonons as well as electron and hole charge carriers. Processes for anisotropic phonon propagation, oblique charge-carrier propagation, and phonon emission by accelerated charge carriers are included. The simulation reproduces theoretical predictions and experimental observations such as phonon caustics, heat-pulse propagation times, and mean charge-carrier drift velocities. In addition to presenting the physics and features supported by G4CMP, this report outlines example applications from the dark matter and quantum information science communities. These communities are applying G4CMP to model and design devices for which the energy transported by phonons and charge carriers is germane to the performance of superconducting instruments and circuits placed on silicon and germanium substrates. The G4CMP package is available to download from GitHub: github.com/kelseymh/G4CMP.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2023

Gravastar-like black hole solutions in $q$-theory

We present a stationary spherically symmetric solution of the Einstein equations, with a source generated by a scalar field of $q$-theory. In this theory Riemannian gravity, as described by the Einstein - Hilbert action, is coupled to a three - form field that describes the dynamical vacuum. Formally it behaves like a matter field with its own stress - energy tensor, equivalent to a scalar field minimally coupled to gravity. The asymptotically flat solutions obtained to the field equations represent black holes. For a sufficiently large horizon radius the energy density is localized within a thin spherical shell situated just outside of the horizon, analogous to a gravastar. The resulting solutions to the field equations, which admit this class of configurations, satisfy existence conditions that stem from the Black Hole no - hair theorem, thanks to the presence of a region in space in which the energy density is negative.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2023

Simultaneous measurement of muon neutrino quasielastic-like cross sections on CH, C, water, Fe, and Pb as a function of muon kinematics at MINERvA

This paper presents the first simultaneous measurement of the quasielastic-like neutrino-nucleus cross sections on C, water, Fe, Pb and scintillator (hydrocarbon or CH) as a function of longitudinal and transverse muon momentum. The ratio of cross sections per nucleon between Pb and CH is always above unity and has a characteristic shape as a function of transverse muon momentum that evolves slowly as a function of longitudinal muon momentum. The ratio is constant versus longitudinal momentum within uncertainties above a longitudinal momentum of 4.5GeV/c. The cross section ratios to CH for C, water, and Fe remain roughly constant with increasing longitudinal momentum, and the ratios between water or C to CH do not have any significant deviation from unity. Both the overall cross section level and the shape for Pb and Fe as a function of transverse muon momentum are not reproduced by current neutrino event generators. These measurements provide a direct test of nuclear effects in quasielastic-like interactions, which are major contributors to long-baseline neutrino oscillation data samples.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

High-Statistics Measurement of Antineutrino Quasielastic-like scattering at $E_\nu \sim$ 6~GeV on a Hydrocarbon Target

We present measurements of the cross section for anti-neutrino charged-current quasielastic-like scattering on hydrocarbon using the medium energy (ME) NuMI wide-band neutrino beam peaking at $ \sim 6$ GeV. The cross section measurements are presented as a function of the longitudinal momentum ($p_{||}$) and transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) of the final state muon. This work complements our previously reported high statistics measurement in the neutrino channel and extends the previous anti-neutrino measurement made in the low energy (LE) beam at neutrino energy($ $) $\sim$ 3.5 GeV to $p_{T}$ of 2.5 GeV/c. Current theoretical models do not completely describe the data in this previously unexplored high $p_{T}$ region. The single differential cross section as a function of four momentum transfer ($Q^{2}_{QE}$) now extends to 4 GeV$^2$ with high statistics. The cross section as a function of $Q^{2}_{QE}$ shows that the tuned simulations developed by the MINERvA collaboration that agreed well with the low energy beam measurements do not agree as well with the medium energy beam measurements. Newer neutrino interaction models such as the GENIE 3 tunes are better able to simulate the high $Q^{2}_{QE}$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Power Dependent Resonant Frequency of a Microwave Cavity due to Magnetic Levitation

Levitation of a magnet by superconductor has been an active area of research to explore the quantum mechanical phenomenon. One of the techniques used is to measure the levitation of a magnet placed inside the superconducting microwave cavity. The levitation height can be probed by measuring the change in microwave frequency. Here, we report measurements of the change in resonance frequency of the microwave cavity with the Meissner-levitated permanent magnet. The change in resonant frequency and quality factor was measured as a function of input power and temperature. The change in resonate frequency is likely due to the interaction of the magnet with the radio-frequency field inside the microwave cavity.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Neutrino-induced coherent $\pi^{+}$ production in C, CH, Fe and Pb at $\langle E_{\nu}\rangle \sim 6$ GeV

MINERvA has measured the $\nu_{\mu}$-induced coherent $\pi^{+}$ cross section simultaneously in hydrocarbon (CH), graphite (C), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) targets using neutrinos from 2 to 20 GeV. The measurements exceed the predictions of the Rein-Sehgal and Berger-Sehgal PCAC based models at multi-GeV $\nu_{\mu}$ energies and at produced $\pi^{+}$ energies and angles, $E_{\pi}>1$ GeV and $\theta_{\pi}<10^{\circ}$. Measurements of the cross-section ratios of Fe and Pb relative to CH reveal the effective $A$-scaling to increase from an approximate $A^{1/3}$ scaling at few GeV to an $A^{2/3}$ scaling for $E_{\nu}>10$ GeV.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Quark mass generation due to scalar fields with zero dimension

We propose a model of dynamical symmetry breaking, in which a new type of fundamental scalar fields of zero mass-dimension mediate the couplings of fermions to the gravitational field, represented here as a tetrad field in the same manner as Riemann-Cartan gravity. In our model, the tetrad couples to the standard model fermions non-minimally, and the very coupling coefficients are the fundamental scalar fields. There are exactly 36 scalar fields in the model, which are distinguishable by flavor indices on the fields. This is the precise number of zero dimension scalar fields that leads to a vanishing Weyl anomaly and a vanishing vacuum energy. Precisely the same number of these very same scalar fields is required for the coupling of all of the different standard model fermions to the vielbein field. At the same time their interaction with fermions gives rise to fermion mass terms, without the need to introduce a fundamental Higgs field. Within the proposed theory we construct a toy model that deals solely with the top and bottom quarks, and we demonstrate that their observable masses can appear in the action dynamically. Moreover, this mechanism allows for the top and bottom quarks to acquire distinctly different masses, as opposed to our previous, even simpler toy model that contained only the top quark.

hep-th↗

arXiv2022

Simultaneous measurement of muon neutrino $\nu_\mu$ charged-current single $\pi^+$ production in CH, C, H$_2$O, Fe, and Pb targets in MINERvA

Neutrino-induced charged-current single $\pi^+$ production in the $\Delta(1232)$ resonance region is of considerable interest to accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments. In this work, high statistics differential cross sections are reported for the semi-exclusive reaction $\nu_\mu A \to \mu^- \pi^+ +$ nucleon(s) on scintillator, carbon, water, iron, and lead targets recorded by MINERvA using a wide-band $\nu_\mu$ beam with $\left< E_\nu \right> \approx 6$~GeV. Suppression of the cross section at low $Q^2$ and enhancement of low $T_\pi$ are observed in both light and heavy nuclear targets compared to phenomenological models used in current neutrino interaction generators. The cross-section ratios for iron and lead compared to CH across the kinematic variables probed are 0.8 and 0.5 respectively, a scaling which is also not predicted by current generators.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Improved constraint on the MINERvA medium energy neutrino flux using $\bar{\nu}e^{-} \!\rightarrow \bar{\nu}e^{-}$ data

Processes with precisely known cross sections, like neutrino electron elastic scattering ($\nu e^{-} \!\rightarrow \nu e^{-}$) and inverse muon decay ($\nu_\mu e^{-} \!\rightarrow \mu^{-} \nu_e$) have been used by MINERvA to constrain the uncertainty on the NuMI neutrino beam flux. This work presents a new measurement of neutrino elastic scattering with electrons using the medium energy \numubar enhanced NuMI beam. A sample of 578 events after background subtraction is used in combination with the previous measurement on the \numu beam and the inverse muon decay measurement to reduce the uncertainty on the \numu flux in the \numu-enhanced beam from 7.6\% to 3.3\% and the \numubar flux in the \numubar-enhanced beam from 7.8\% to 4.7\%.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Topological quantization of Fractional Quantum Hall conductivity

We consider the quantum Hall effect (QHE) in a system of interacting electrons. Our formalism is valid for systems in the presence of an external magnetic field, as well as for systems with a nontrivial band topology. That is, the expressions for the conductivity derived are valid for both the ordinary QHE and for the intrinsic anomalous QHE. The expression for the conductivity applies to external fields that may vary in an arbitrary way, and takes into account disorder. It is assumed that the ground state of the system is degenerate. We represent the QHE conductivity as $\frac{e^2}{h} \times \frac{\cal N}{K}$, where $K$ is the degeneracy of the ground state, while $\cal N$ is the topological invariant composed of the Wigner - transformed multi - leg Green functions. $\cal N$ takes discrete values, which gives rise to quantization of the fractional QHE conductivity.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2022

A New Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Program at Fermilab

The muon has played a central role in establishing the Standard Model of particle physics, and continues to provide valuable information about the nature of new physics. A new complex at Fermilab, the Advanced Muon Facility, would provide the world's most intense positive and negative muon beams by exploiting the full potential of PIP-II and the Booster upgrade. This facility would enable a broad muon physics program, including studies of charged lepton flavor violation, muonium-antimuonium transitions, a storage ring muon EDM experiment, and muon spin rotation experiments. This document describes a staged realization of this complex, together with a series of next-generation experiments to search for charged lepton flavor violation.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Simultaneous measurement of proton and lepton kinematics in quasielastic-like $\nu_{\mu}$-hydrocarbon interactions from 2 to 20 GeV

Neutrino charged-current quasielastic-like scattering, a reaction category extensively used in neutrino oscillation measurements, probes nuclear effects that govern neutrino-nucleus interactions. This Letter reports the first measurement of the triple-differential cross section for $\nu_{\mu}$ quasielastic-like reactions using the hydrocarbon medium of the MINERvA detector exposed to a wide-band beam spanning 2 $\leq$ E$_\nu \leq$ 20 GeV. The measurement maps the correlations among transverse and longitudinal muon momenta and summed proton kinetic energies, and compares them to predictions from a state-of-art simulation. Discrepancies are observed that likely reflect shortfalls with modeling of pion and nucleon intranuclear scattering and/or spectator nucleon ejection from struck nuclei. The separate determination of leptonic and hadronic variables can inform experimental approaches to neutrino-energy estimation.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2022

Fundamental scalar field with zero dimension from anomaly cancelations

In this article a novel mechanism for dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking and the ensuing appearance of fermion mass terms in the action is proposed. The action contains massless fermions of the SM coupled to gravity through a new type of non-minimal coupling to the vielbein field. The corresponding coupling constants in our approach become zero-dimension scalar fields. Such scalar fields provide the cancellation of the Weyl anomaly \cite{Boyle:2021jaz}.

hep-th↗

arXiv2022

Vertex finding in neutrino-nucleus interaction: A Model Architecture Comparison

We compare different neural network architectures for Machine Learning (ML) algorithms designed to identify the neutrino interaction vertex position in the MINERvA detector. The architectures developed and optimized by hand are compared with the architectures developed in an automated way using the package "Multi-node Evolutionary Neural Networks for Deep Learning" (MENNDL), developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The two architectures resulted in a similar performance which suggests that the systematics associated with the optimized network architecture are small. Furthermore, we find that while the domain expert hand-tuned network was the best performer, the differences were negligible and the auto-generated networks performed well. There is always a trade-off between human, and computer resources for network optimization and this work suggests that automated optimization, assuming resources are available, provides a compelling way to save significant expert time.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2021

Measurement of inclusive charged-current $\nu_{\numu}$ scattering on hydrocarbon at { } 6 GeV with low three-momentum transfer

The \minerva experiment reports double-differential cross-section measurements for $\nu_{\mu}$-carbon interactions with three-momentum transfer $|\vec{q}| < 1.2$ GeV obtained with medium energy exposures in the NuMI beam. These measurements are performed as a function of the three-momentum transfer and an energy transfer estimator called the available energy defined as the energy that would be visible in the detector. The double differential cross sections are compared to the GENIE and NuWro predictions along with the modified version of GENIE which incorporates new models for better agreement with earlier measurements from MINERvA. In these measurements, the quasi-elastic, resonance, and multi-nucleon knockout processes appear at different kinematics in this two-dimensional space. The results can be used to improve models for neutrino interactions needed by neutrino oscillation experiments.

hep-ex↗