arXiv subjects

James David Nixon

Publications and source records attributed to James David Nixon.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2022

Asymptotic Solutions of the Tetration Equation

In this report we construct a family of holomorphic functions $β_{λ,μ} (s)$ which behave asymptotically like iterated exponentials as $|s| \to \infty$ in the right half plane. Each $β_{λ,μ}$ satisfies a convenient functional relationship with nested exponentials; and has a series expansion that converges in a half-plane. They provide a nearness to the dynamics of the map $e^{μz} : \mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$ and behave asymptotically as a fractional iteration would behave. These objects are used to describe the various orbits of the exponential function. We describe where Abel equations are feasibly constructed from $β$. Where there exists wildly holomorphic functions with period $2 πi / λ$ that are holomorphic Abel functions of the form $t(s+1) = e^{μt(s)}$.

math.CV↗

arXiv2021

Infinite Compositions and Complex Dynamics; Generalizing Schröder and Abel Functions

Using infinite compositions, we solve the general equations $P(λw) = p(w)f(P(w))$ for holomorphic functions $p$ and $f$. We describe the situations in which this equation is palpable; and their effectiveness at describing dynamical properties of the orbit $f^{\circ n}(z)$. We similarly make a change of variables to study a generalized form of the Abel equation, $F(s+1) = u(s)f(F(s))$. This paper is intended as a more in depth examination of work done previously in our last paper--The Limits of a Family; Of Asymptotic Solutions to the Tetration Equation.

math.CV↗

arXiv2021

The Limits of a Family; of Asymptotic Solutions to The Tetration Equation

In this paper we construct a family of holomorphic functions $β_λ(s)$ which are solutions to the asymptotic tetration equation. Each $β_λ$ satisfies the functional relationship ${\displaystyle β_λ(s+1) = \frac{e^{β_λ(s)}}{e^{-λs} + 1}}$; which asymptotically converges as $\log β_λ(s+1) = β_λ(s) + \mathcal{O}(e^{-λs})$ as $\Re(λs) \to \infty$. This family of asymptotic solutions is used to construct a holomorphic function $\text{tet}_β(s) : \mathbb{C}/(-\infty,-2] \to \mathbb{C}$ such that $\text{tet}_β(s+1) = e^{\text{tet}_β(s)}$ and $\text{tet}_β: (-2,\infty) \to \mathbb{R}$ bijectively.

math.CV↗

arXiv2021

A Family of Bounded and Analytic Hyper-Operators

This is a summation of research done in the author's second and third year of undergraduate mathematics at The University of Toronto. As the previous details were largely scattered and disorganized; the author decided to rewrite the cumulative research. The goal of this paper is to construct a family of analytic functions $α\uparrow^n z : (1,e^{1/e}) \times \mathbb{C}_{\Re(z) > 0} \to \mathbb{C}_{\Re(z) > 0}$ using methods from fractional calculus. This family satisfies the hyper-operator chain, $α\uparrow^{n-1} α\uparrow^n z = α\uparrow^n (z+1)$; with the initial condition $α\uparrow^0 z = α\cdot z$.

math.CV↗

arXiv2021

Second Order Transfer Equations; and Generalizations to Arbitrary Orders

The author provides a solution to the equation $ y(s+2) = \mathcal{T}^2 y = F(s,y,\mathcal{T} y) = F(s,y(s),y(s+1))$; where $y$ is holomorphic; and $F$ is a holomorphic function with specific decay conditions. This result is provided using infinite compositions, and a limiting process. The technique is generalized to arbitrary $k$'th order transfer equations: $u(s+k) = F(s,u(s),u(s+1),...,u(s+k-1))$. The technique is derived by utilizing solutions $w(s+1) = \mathcal{T} w = F(s,w)$ and sequentially approximating $u$, or $y$, with a sequence of said $w$.

math.CV↗

arXiv2021

Hyper-operations By Unconventional Means

The author makes use of infinite compositions and a limiting function to construct a $\mathcal{C}^\infty$ tetration function $\mathcal{F}(t) = e \tet t$. As a tetration function, $\mathcal{F}$ satisfies $e^{\mathcal{F}(t)} = \mathcal{F}(t+1)$. Of it, $\mathcal{F}$ takes $(-2,\infty) \to \mathbb{R}$ bijectively with strictly monotone growth, and is continuously differentiable here. We then iterate this construction to derive arbitrary hyper-operations $e\up^k t$. These hyper-operations are $\mathcal{C}^\infty$ strictly monotone bijections of $(α_k,\infty) \to \mathbb{R}$ for $k$ even ($1-k > α_k \ge -k$), and $\mathcal{C}^\infty$ strictly monotone bijections of $\mathbb{R} \to (α_k, \infty)$ for $k$ odd. These hyper-operations satisfy the functional equation $e \up^{k-1} (e \up^k t) = e \up^k (t+1)$ with the initial conditions $e \up^1 t = e^t$ and $e \up^k 0 = 1$.

math.CV↗

arXiv2020

The Compositional Integral: The Narrow And The Complex Looking-Glass

The goal of this paper is to formalize the notion of The Compositional Integral in The Complex Plane. We prove a convergence theorem guaranteeing its existence. We prove an analogue of Cauchy's Integral Theorem--and suggest an approach at recovering Cauchy's Integral Formula. With this we derive a modified form of Cauchy's Residue Theorem. Then, we develop a compositional analogue of Taylor Series. In finality, we describe a compositional Fourier Transform; and illustrate some basic properties of it.

math.GM↗

arXiv2020

The Compositional Integral: A Brief Introduction

The Compositional Integral is defined, formally constructed, and discussed. A direct generalization of Riemann's construction of the integral; it is intended as an alternative way of looking at First Order Differential Equations. This brief notice aims to: familiarize the reader with a different approach to integration, fabricate a notation for a modified integral, and express a startling use for infinitely nested compositions. Taking inspiration from Euler's Method for approximating First Order Differential Equations, we affiliate the method with Riemann Sums; and look at it from a different, modern angle.

math.HO↗

arXiv2019

$Δy = e^{sy}$ or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the $Γ$-function

For a nice holomorphic function $f(s, z)$ in two variables, a respective holomorphic Gamma function $Γ= Γ_f$ is constructed, such that $f(s, Γ(s)) = Γ(s + 1)$. Along the way, we fall through a rabbit hole of infinite compositions, First Order Difference Equations, and absurd functional equations... This paper is orchestrated around an investigation into the unconventional equation $Δy = y(s+1)-y(s) = e^{sy(s)}$ and its solutions in the complex plane.

math.CV↗