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Jan E. Grabowski

Publications and source records attributed to Jan E. Grabowski.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2025

Abstract Cluster Structures

We describe a framework for encoding cluster combinatorics using categorical methods. We give a definition of an abstract cluster structure, which captures the essence of cluster mutation at a tropical level and show that cluster algebras, cluster varieties, cluster categories and surface models all have associated abstract cluster structures. For the first two classes, we also show that they can be constructed from abstract cluster structures. By defining a suitable notion of morphism of abstract cluster structures, we introduce a category of these and show that it has several desirable properties, such as initial and terminal objects and finite products and coproducts. We also prove that rooted cluster morphisms of cluster algebras give rise to morphisms of the associated abstract cluster structures, so that our framework includes a version of the extant category of cluster algebras. We can do more, however, because we can relate different types of representation of abstract cluster structures (cluster algebra, varieties, categories) directly via morphisms of their associated abstract cluster structures, even though no direct map from e.g. a cluster category to the associated cluster algebra is possible. In fact, we do much of the above in the setting of abstract quantum cluster structures, with some analysis of the difference between the category of these and that of the unquantized version. In order to show the relationship between abstract quantum cluster structures and quantum cluster algebras, we reformulate the usual construction of the latter in a way that is more amenable to our purposes and which we expect will be of independent interest and use.

math.RA↗
arXiv2024

Cluster structures via representation theory: cluster ensembles, tropical duality, cluster characters and quantisation

We develop a general theory of cluster categories, applying to a 2-Calabi-Yau extriangulated category $\mathcal{C}$ and cluster-tilting subcategory $\mathcal{T}$ satisfying only mild finiteness conditions. We show that the structure theory of $\mathcal{C}$ and the representation theory of $\mathcal{T}$ give rise to the rich combinatorial structures of seed data and cluster ensembles, via Grothendieck groups and homological algebra. We demonstrate that there is a natural dictionary relating cluster-tilting subcategories and their tilting theory to A-side tropical cluster combinatorics and, dually, relating modules over $\underline{\mathcal{T}}$ to the X-side; here $\underline{\mathcal{T}}$ is the image of $\mathcal{T}$ in the triangulated stable category of $\mathcal{C}$. Moreover, the exchange matrix associated to $\mathcal{T}$ arises from a natural map $p_{\mathcal{T}}\colon\mathrm{K}_0(\operatorname{mod}\underline{\mathcal{T}})\to\mathrm{K}_0(\mathcal{T})$ closely related to taking projective resolutions. Via our approach, we categorify many key identities involving mutation, g-vectors and c-vectors, including in infinite rank cases and in the presence of loops and 2-cycles. We are also able to define A- and X-cluster characters, which yield A- and X-cluster variables when there are no loops or 2-cycles, and which enable representation-theoretic proofs of cluster-theoretical statements. Continuing with the same categorical philosophy, we give a definition of a quantum cluster category, as a cluster category together with the choice of a map closely related to the adjoint of $p_{\mathcal{T}}$. Our framework enables us to show that any Hom-finite exact cluster category admits a canonical quantum structure, generalising results of Gei{\ss}--Leclerc--Schr\"oer.

math.RT↗
arXiv2024

Deformed cluster maps of type $A_{2N}$

We extend recent work of the third author and Kouloukas by constructing deformations of integrable cluster maps corresponding to the Dynkin types $A_{2N}$, lifting these to higher-dimensional maps possessing the Laurent property and demonstrating integrality of the deformations for $N\leq 3$. This provides the first infinite class of examples (in arbitrarily high rank) of such maps and gives information on the associated discrete integrable systems. Key to our approach is a ``local expansion'' operation on quivers which allows us to construct and study mutations in type $A_{2N}$ from those in type $A_{2(N-1)}$.

nlin.SI↗
arXiv2022

Automorphism groupoids in noncommutative projective geometry

We address a natural question in noncommutative geometry, namely the rigidity observed in many examples, whereby noncommutative spaces (or equivalently their coordinate algebras) have very few automorphisms by comparison with their commutative counterparts. In the framework of noncommutative projective geometry, we define a groupoid whose objects are noncommutative projective spaces of a given dimension and whose morphisms correspond to isomorphisms of these. This groupoid is then a natural generalization of an automorphism group. Using work of Zhang, we may translate this structure to the algebraic side, wherein we consider homogeneous coordinate algebras of noncommutative projective spaces. The morphisms in our groupoid precisely correspond to the existence of a Zhang twist relating the two coordinate algebras. We analyse this automorphism groupoid, showing that in dimension 1 it is connected, so that every noncommutative $\mathbb{P}^{1}$ is isomorphic to commutative $\mathbb{P}^{1}$. For dimension 2 and above, we use the geometry of the point scheme, as introduced by Artin-Tate-Van den Bergh, to relate morphisms in our groupoid to certain automorphisms of the point scheme. We apply our results to two important examples, quantum projective spaces and Sklyanin algebras. In both cases, we are able to use the geometry of the point schemes to fully describe the corresponding component of the automorphism groupoid. This provides a concrete description of the collection of Zhang twists of these algebras.

math.RA↗
arXiv2021

Slices of groupoids are group-like

Given a category, one may construct slices of it. That is, one builds a new category whose objects are the morphisms from the category with a fixed codomain and morphisms certain commutative triangles. If the category is a groupoid, so that every morphism is invertible, then its slices are (connected) groupoids. We give a number of constructions that show how slices of groupoids have properties even closer to those of groups than the groupoids they come from. These include natural notions of kernels and coset spaces.

math.CT↗
arXiv2017

Graded Frobenius cluster categories

Recently the first author studied multi-gradings for generalised cluster categories, these being 2-Calabi-Yau triangulated categories with a choice of cluster-tilting object. The grading on the category corresponds to a grading on the cluster algebra without coefficients categorified by the cluster category and hence knowledge of one of these structures can help us study the other. In this work, we extend the above to certain Frobenius categories that categorify cluster algebras with coefficients. We interpret the grading K-theoretically and prove similar results to the triangulated case, in particular obtaining that degrees are additive on exact sequences. We show that the categories of Buan, Iyama, Reiten and Scott, some of which were used by Geiss, Leclerc and Schroer to categorify cells in partial flag varieties, and those of Jensen, King and Su, categorifying Grassmannians, are examples of graded Frobenius cluster categories.

math.RT↗
arXiv2015

Graded quantum cluster algebras of infinite rank as colimits

We provide a graded and quantum version of the category of rooted cluster algebras introduced by Assem, Dupont and Schiffler and show that every graded quantum cluster algebra of infinite rank can be written as a colimit of graded quantum cluster algebras of finite rank. As an application, for each k we construct a graded quantum infinite Grassmannian admitting a cluster algebra structure, extending an earlier construction of the authors for k=2.

math.QA↗
arXiv2015

Graded cluster algebras

In the cluster algebra literature, the notion of a graded cluster algebra has been implicit since the origin of the subject. In this work, we wish to bring this aspect of cluster algebra theory to the foreground and promote its study. We transfer a definition of Gekhtman, Shapiro and Vainshtein to the algebraic setting, yielding the notion of a multi-graded cluster algebra. We then study gradings for finite type cluster algebras without coefficients, giving a full classification. Translating the definition suitably again, we obtain a notion of multi-grading for (generalised) cluster categories. This setting allows us to prove additional properties of graded cluster algebras in a wider range of cases. We also obtain interesting combinatorics---namely tropical frieze patterns---on the Auslander--Reiten quivers of the categories.

math.RA↗
arXiv2013

Graded quantum cluster algebras and an application to quantum Grassmannians

We introduce a framework for $\mathbb{Z}$-gradings on cluster algebras (and their quantum analogues) that are compatible with mutation. To do this, one chooses the degrees of the (quantum) cluster variables in an initial seed subject to a compatibility with the initial exchange matrix, and then one extends this to all cluster variables by mutation. The resulting grading has the property that every (quantum) cluster variable is homogeneous. In the quantum setting, we use this grading framework to give a construction that behaves somewhat like twisting, in that it produces a new quantum cluster algebra with the same cluster combinatorics but with different quasi-commutation relations between the cluster variables. We apply these results to show that the quantum Grassmannians admit quantum cluster algebra structures, as quantizations of the cluster algebra structures on the classical Grassmannian coordinate ring found by Scott. This is done by lifting the quantum cluster algebra structure on quantum matrices due to Geiß, Leclerc and Schröer and completes earlier work of the authors on the finite-type cases.

math.QA↗
arXiv2012

Cluster algebras of infinite rank

Holm and Jorgensen have shown the existence of a cluster structure on a certain category $D$ that shares many properties with finite type $A$ cluster categories and that can be fruitfully considered as an infinite analogue of these. In this work we determine fully the combinatorics of this cluster structure and show that these are the cluster combinatorics of cluster algebras of infinite rank. That is, the clusters of these algebras contain infinitely many variables, although one is only permitted to make finite sequences of mutations. The cluster combinatorics of the category $D$ are described by triangulations of an $\infty$-gon and we see that these have a natural correspondence with the behaviour of Plucker coordinates in the coordinate ring of a doubly-infinite Grassmannian, and hence the latter is where a concrete realization of these cluster algebra structures may be found. We also give the quantum analogue of these results, generalising work of the first author and Launois. An appendix by Michael Groechenig provides a construction of the coordinate ring of interest here, generalizing the well-known scheme-theoretic constructions for Grassmannians of finite-dimensional vector spaces.

math.RT↗
arXiv2011

A quantum analogue of the dihedral action on Grassmannians

In recent work, Launois and Lenagan have shown how to construct a cocycle twisting of the quantum Grassmannian and an isomorphism of the twisted and untwisted algebras that sends a given quantum minor to the minor whose index set is permuted according to the $n$-cycle $c=(1, 2, ..., n)$, up to a power of $q$. This twisting is needed because $c$ does not naturally induce an automorphism of the quantum Grassmannian, as it does classically and semi-classically. We extend this construction to give a quantum analogue of the action on the Grassmannian of the dihedral subgroup of $S_{n}$ generated by $c$ and $w_{0}$, the longest element, and this analogue takes the form of a groupoid. We show that there is an induced action of this subgroup on the torus-invariant prime ideals of the quantum Grassmannian and also show that this subgroup acts on the totally nonnegative and totally positive Grassmannians. Then we see that this dihedral subgroup action exists classically, semi-classically (by Poisson automorphisms and anti-automorphisms, a result of Yakimov) and in the quantum and nonnegative settings.

math.QA↗
arXiv2010

Examples of quantum cluster algebras associated to partial flag varieties

We give several explicit examples of quantum cluster algebra structures, as introduced by Berenstein and Zelevinsky, on quantized coordinate rings of partial flag varieties and their associated unipotent radicals. These structures are shown to be quantizations of the cluster algebra structures found on the corresponding classical objects by Geiss, Leclerc and Schroer, whose work generalizes that of several other authors. We also exhibit quantum cluster algebra structures on the quantized enveloping algebras of the Lie algebras of the unipotent radicals.

math.QA↗
arXiv2010

Braided enveloping algebras associated to quantum parabolic subalgebras

Associated to each subset $J$ of the nodes $I$ of a Dynkin diagram is a triangular decomposition of the corresponding Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ into three subalgebras $\widetilde{\mathfrak{g}_{J}}$ (generated by $e_{j}$, $f_{j}$ for $j\in J$ and $h_{i}$ for $i\in I$), $\mathfrak{n}^{-}_{D}$ (generated by $f_{d}$, $d\in D=I\setminus J$) and its dual $\mathfrak{n}_{D}^{+}$. We demonstrate a quantum counterpart, generalising work of Majid and Rosso, by exhibiting analogous triangular decompositions of $U_{q}(\mathfrak{g})$ and identifying a graded braided Hopf algebra that quantizes $\mathfrak{n}_{D}^{-}$. This algebra has many similar properties to $U_{q}^{-}(\mathfrak{g})$, in many cases being a Nichols algebra and therefore completely determined by its associated braiding.

math.QA↗
arXiv2007

Braided-Lie bialgebras associated to Kac-Moody algebras

Braided-Lie bialgebras have been introduced by Majid, as the Lie versions of Hopf algebras in braided categories. In this paper we extend previous work of Majid and of ours to show that there is a braided-Lie bialgebra associated to each inclusion of Kac-Moody bialgebras. Doing so, we obtain many new examples of infinite-dimensional braided-Lie bialgebras. We analyze further the case of untwisted affine Kac-Moody bialgebras associated to finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras. The inclusion we study is that of the finite-type algebra in the affine algebra. This braided-Lie bialgebra is isomorphic to the current algebra over the simple Lie algebra, now equipped with a braided cobracket. We give explicit expressions for this braided cobracket for the simple Lie algebra $sl_3$.

math.QA↗
arXiv2005

On Lie induction and the exceptional series

Lie bialgebras occur as the principal objects in the infinitesimalisation of the theory of quantum groups - the semi-classical theory. Their relationship with the quantum theory has made available some new tools that we can apply to classical questions. In this paper, we study the simple complex Lie algebras using the double-bosonisation construction of Majid. This construction expresses algebraically the induction process given by adding and removing nodes in Dynkin diagrams, which we call Lie induction. We first analyse the deletion of nodes, corresponding to the restriction of adjoint representations to subalgebras. This uses a natural grading associated to each node. We give explicit calculations of the module and algebra structures in the case of the deletion of a single node from the Dynkin diagram for a simple Lie (bi-)algebra. We next consider the inverse process, namely that of adding nodes, and give some necessary conditions for the simplicity of the induced algebra. Finally, we apply these to the exceptional series of simple Lie algebras, in the context of finding obstructions to the existence of finite-dimensional simple complex algebras of types E9, F5 and G3. In particular, our methods give a new point of view on why there cannot exist such an algebra of type E9.

math.QA↗
arXiv2005

A triple construction for Lie bialgebras

We introduce and study the triple of a quasitriangular Lie bialgebra as a natural extension of the Drinfeld double. The triple is itself a quasitriangular Lie bialgebra. We prove several results about the algebraic structure of the triple, analogous to known results for the double. Among them, we prove that in the factorisable case the triple is isomorphic to a twisting of $g \oplus g \oplus g$ by a certain cocycle. We also consider real forms of the triple and the triangular case.

math.QA↗