arXiv subjects

Jan Stochel

Publications and source records attributed to Jan Stochel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

CPD $n$th roots of subnormal operators are subnormal

We investigate the $n$th root problem for bounded operators on a Hilbert space within the class of conditionally positive definite (CPD) operators determined by the L\'evy--Khintchine formula. The class contains subnormal operators, complete hypercontractions of order $2$, and $3$-isometries. Our main result shows that if $T$ is a CPD operator such that $T^n$ is subnormal (resp., quasinormal, normal, or a $3$-isometry), then $T$ belongs to the corresponding class. This establishes the invariance of these classes under taking $n$th roots within the CPD class and extends several earlier results in operator theory. Furthermore, we provide characterizations of quasinormal and normal operators in terms of their CPD property and the structure of the representing triplet. Finally, we show that the classes of CPD and normaloid operators are distinct by means of both theoretical arguments and explicit examples.

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arXiv2024

Hyperrigidity III

In this paper, we study hyperrigidity for $C^*$-algebras. We will show that hyperrigidity can be expressed solely in terms of representations, without the need to involve general unital completely positive maps.

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arXiv2024

Hyperrigidity II: $R$-dilations, ideals and decompositions

We investigate the hyperrigidity of subsets of unital $C^*$-algebras annihilated by states (or, more generally, by completely positive maps). This is closely related to the concept of rigidity at $0$ introduced by G. Salomon, who studied hyperrigid subsets of Cuntz and Cuntz-Krieger algebras. The absence of the unit in a hyperrigid set allows for the existence of $R$-dilations with non-isometric $R$. The existence of such an $R$-dilation forces the state annihilating the hyperrigid set to be a character. Using a dilation-theoretic approach, we provide multiple equivalent criteria for hyperrigidity involving intertwining relations for representations, valid in both commutative and noncommutative settings. We develop structural models for such dilations via orthogonal decompositions into two or three components, determined by defect operators and generalized eigenspaces associated with underlying representations.

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arXiv2024

When is a CPD weighted shift similar to a subnormal operator?

We prove that a CPD unilateral weighted shift $W_{\lambda}$ of type III is a quasi-affine transform of the operator $M_z$ of multiplication by the independent variable on the $L^2(\rho)$-closure of analytic complex polynomials on the complex plane, where $\rho$ is a measure precisely determined by $W_{\lambda}$. By using this model, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for similarity of $W_{\lambda}$ to $M_z$. Necessary conditions for a CPD operator to be similar to a subnormal one are given. A variety of concrete classes of non-subnormal CPD unilateral weighted shifts similar to subnormal operators are established.

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arXiv2024

Bishop-like theorems for non-subnormal operators

The celebrated Bishop theorem states that an operator is subnormal if and only if it is the strong limit of a net (or a sequence) of normal operators. By the Agler-Stankus theorem, $2$-isometries behave similarly to subnormal operator in the sense that the role of subnormal operators is played by $2$-isometries, while the role of normal operators is played by Brownian unitaries. In this paper we give Bishop-like theorems for $2$-isometries. Two methods are involved, the first of which goes back to Bishop's original idea and the second refers to Conway and Hadwin's result of general nature. We also investigate the strong and $*$-strong closedness of the class of Brownian unitaries.

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arXiv2024

Hyperrigidity I: singly generated commutative $C^*$-algebras

Although Arveson's hyperrigidity conjecture was recently resolved negatively by B. Bilich and A. Dor-On, the problem remains open for commutative $C^*$-algebras. Relatively few examples of hyperrigid sets are known in the commutative case. The main goal of this paper is to determine which sets of monomials in $t$ and $t^*$, where $t$ is a generator of a commutative unital $C^*$-algebra, are hyperrigid. We show that this class of hyperrigid sets has significant connections to other areas of functional analysis and mathematical physics. Moreover, we develop a topological approach based on weak and strong limits of normal (or subnormal) operators to characterize hyperrigidity tracing back to ideas of C. Kleski and L. G. Brown. Employing Choquet boundary techniques, we present examples that discuss the optimality of our results.

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arXiv2024

Criteria for algebraic operators to be unitary

Criteria for an algebraic operator $T$ on a complex Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ to be unitary are established. The main one is written in terms of the convergence of sequences of the form $\{\|T^nh\|\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ with $h\in \mathcal{H}$. Related questions are also discussed.

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arXiv2024

Convergence of power sequences of operators via their stability

This paper is concerned with the convergence of power sequences and stability of Hilbert space operators, where "convergence" and "stability" refer to weak, strong and norm topologies. It is proved that an operator has a convergent power sequence if and only if it is a (not necessarily orthogonal) direct sum of an identity operator and a stable operator. This reduces the issue of convergence of the power sequence of an operator $T$ to the study of stability of $T$. The question of when the limit of the power sequence is an orthogonal projection is investigated. Among operators sharing this property are hyponormal and contractive ones. In particular, a hyponormal or a contractive operator with no identity part is stable if and only if its power sequence is convergent. In turn, a unitary operator has a weakly convergent power sequence if and only if its singular-continuous part is weakly stable and its singular-discrete part is the identity. Characterizations of the convergence of power sequences and stability of subnormal operators are given in terms of semispectral measures.

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arXiv2023

The hyperbolic cosine transform and its applications to composition operators

In this paper we characterize hyperbolic cosine transforms of (positive) Borel measures $ν$ in terms of exponential convexity (Bernstein's terminology). The case of compactly supported measures $ν$ is also considered. All of this is then applied to (bounded) composition operators $C_{T,ρ}\colon f \mapsto f \circ T$ on $L^2(\rbb^κ,μ_ρ)$ with affine symbols $T=A+a$, where $\D μ_ρ (x) = ρ(x) \D x$, $ρ(x)= ψ(\|x\|)^{-1}$, $ψ$ is a continuous positive real valued function and $\|\cdot\|$ is the Euclidean norm on $\rbb^κ$. The main result states that the map $\rbb^κ \ni a \mapsto C_{I+a,ρ}$ is continuous in the strong operator topology and has cosubnormal values if and only if $ψ$ is the hyperbolic cosine transform of a compactly supported Borel measure ($I$ is the identity transformation). The case of affine symbols $T$ that are not translations is also discussed.

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arXiv2023

Convergence of power sequences of B-operators with applications to stability

The B-operators (abbreviation for Brownian-type operators) are upper triangular 2x2 block matrix operators that satisfy certain algebraic constraints. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the weak, the strongand the uniform stability of B-operators, respectively. This is achieved by giving equivalent conditions for the convergence of powers of a B-operator in each of the corresponding topologies. A more subtle characterization is obtained for B-operators with subnormal (2,2) entry. The issue of the strong stability of the adjoint of a B-operator is also discussed.

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arXiv2023

Lifting Brownian-type operators with subnormal entry

In this paper, we study Brownian-type operators, which are upper triangular $2\times 2$ block matrix operators with entries satisfying some algebraic constraints. We establish a lifting theorem stating that any Brownian-type operator with subnormal $(2,2)$ entry lifts to a Brownian-type operator with normal $(2,2)$ entry, where lifting is understood in the sense of extending entries of the block matrices representing the operators in question. The spectral inclusion and the filling in holes theorems are obtained for such operators.

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arXiv2022

Conditionally positive definiteness in operator theory

In this paper we extensively investigate the class of conditionally positive definite operators, namely operators generating conditionally positive definite sequences. This class itself contains subnormal operators, $2$- and $3$-isometries and much more beyond them. Quite a large part of the paper is devoted to the study of conditionally positive definite sequences of exponential growth with emphasis put on finding criteria for their positive definiteness, where both notions are understood in the semigroup sense. As a consequence, we obtain semispectral and dilation type representations for conditionally positive definite operators. We also show that the class of conditionally positive definite operators is closed under the operation of taking powers. On the basis of Agler's hereditary functional calculus, we build an $L^{\infty}(M)$-functional calculus for operators of this class, where $M$ is an associated semispectral measure. We provide a variety of applications of this calculus to inequalities involving polynomials and analytic functions. In addition, we derive new necessary and sufficient conditions for a conditionally positive definite operator to be a subnormal contraction (including a telescopic one).

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arXiv2021

Conditionally positive definite unilateral weighted shifts

In a recent paper [15], Hilbert space operators $T$ with the property that each sequence of the form $\{\|T^n h\|^2\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ is conditionally positive definite in a semigroup sense were introduced. In the present paper, this line of research is continued in depth in the case of unilateral weighted shifts. The conditional positive definiteness of weighted shifts is characterized in terms of formal moment sequences. The description of the representing triplet, the main object canonically associated with such operators, is provided. The backward extension problem for conditionally positive definite weighted shifts is solved, revealing a new feature that does not appear in the case of other operator classes. Finally, the flatness problem in this context is discussed, with an emphases on unexpected differences from the corresponding problem for subnormal weighted shifts.

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arXiv2021

Weakly concave operators

We study a class of left-invertible operators which we call weakly concave operators. It includes the class of concave operators and some subclasses of expansive strict $m$-isometries with $m > 2$. We prove a Wold-type decomposition for weakly concave operators. We also obtain a Berger-Shaw-type theorem for analytic finitely cyclic weakly concave operators. The proofs of these results rely heavily on a spectral dichotomy for left-invertible operators. It provides a fairly close relationship, written in terms of the reciprocal automorphism of the Riemann sphere, between the spectra of a left-invertible operator and any of its left inverses. We further place the class of weakly concave operators, as the term $\mathcal A_1$, in the chain $\mathcal A_0 \subseteq \mathcal A_1 \subseteq \ldots \subseteq \mathcal A_{\infty}$ of collections of left-invertible operators. We show that most of the aforementioned results can be proved for members of these classes. Subtleties arise depending on whether the index $k$ of the class $\mathcal A_k$ is finite or not. In particular, a Berger-Shaw-type theorem fails to be true for members of~$\mathcal A_{\infty}$. This discrepancy is better revealed in the context of $C^*$- and $W^*$-algebras.

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arXiv2021

On $n$th roots of bounded and unbounded quasinormal operators

In a recent paper [9], R. E. Curto, S. H. Lee and J. Yoon asked the following question: Let $T$ be a subnormal operator, and assume that $T^2$ is quasinormal. Does it follow that $T$ is quasinormal?. In [36] we answered this question in the affirmative. In the present paper, we will extend this result in two directions. Namely, we prove that both class A $n$th roots of bounded quasinormal operators and subnormal $n$th roots of unbounded quasinormal operators are quasinormal. We also show that a non-normal quasinormal operator having a quasinormal $n$th root has a non-quasinormal $n$th root.

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arXiv2021

Two-moment characterization of spectral measures on the real line

Kiukas, Lahti and Ylinen asked the following general question. When is a positive operator measure projection valued? A version of this question formulated in terms of operator moments was posed in a recent paper of the present authors. Let $T$ be a selfadjoint operator and $F$ be a Borel semispectral measure on the real line with compact support. For which positive integers $p< q$ do the equalities $T^k =\int_{\mathbb{R}} x^k F(dx)$, $k=p, q$, imply that $F$ is a spectral measure? In the present paper, we completely solve the second problem. The answer is affirmative if $p$ is odd and $q$ is even, and negative otherwise. The case $(p,q)=(1,2)$ closely related to intrinsic noise operator was solved by several authors including Kruszy\'{n}ski and de Muynck as well as Kiukas, Lahti and Ylinen. The counterpart of the second problem concerning the multiplicativity of unital positive linear maps on $C^*$-algebras is also solved.

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arXiv2020

Subnormal $n$th roots of quasinormal operators are quasinormal

In the recent paper, R. E. Curto, S. H. Lee, J. Yoon, asked the following question: Let $A$ be a subnormal operator, and assume that $A^2$ is quasinormal. Does it follow that $A$ is quasinormal? In this paper, we give an affirmative answer to this question. In fact, we prove more general result that subnormal $n$th roots of quasinormal operators are quasinormal.

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arXiv2020

The Cauchy dual subnormality problem for cyclic $2$-isometries

The Cauchy dual subnormality problem asks whether the Cauchy dual operator of a $2$-isometry is subnormal. Recently this problem has been solved in the negative. Here we show that it has a negative solution even in the class of cyclic $2$-isometries.

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