Stabilization of counter propagating currents by energy conservation in collisions
Current filamentation generates magnetic fields and shapes electron transport in dense plasmas, where collisions can either suppress or enhance its growth. Here we show that conserving electron kinetic energy in a collisional model can change both the dominant instability and its characteristic wavelength. We develop a linear kinetic theory for drifting, anisotropic electron populations with a relaxation operator that conserves particle number and laboratory-frame kinetic energy while allowing momentum transfer to a stationary ion background. For counterstreaming currents, energy conservation maintains the stabilizing influence of charge separation over a broader range of collision frequencies than a model conserving particle number alone. At intermediate collision rates, the resulting suppression of transverse filamentation allows a nearly aperiodic oblique mode to dominate, reducing the maximum growth rate and shifting the wavelength of the fastest-growing perturbation. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations support predicted growth rates of up to more than a magnitude lower than expected without energy conserving collision.