arXiv subjects

Jason M. Hogan

Publications and source records attributed to Jason M. Hogan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Symmetry Promotion in Electromagnetism

A symmetric distribution of charges or currents typically produces an electromagnetic field having the same symmetry group. However, under special circumstances we show that a discrete symmetry of the source distribution leads to a larger continuous symmetry for the resulting field in restricted regions. The conditions for this promotion from discrete to continuous symmetry are that the fields be affine linear and the symmetry of the source distribution act irreducibly on the ambient space. We illustrate this effect with many examples. This phenomenon is pedagogically interesting both as a source of inspiration in electro- and magnetostatics and as an accessible example of group representation theory.

physics.class-ph↗

arXiv2026

Exact Semiclassical Phase Shifts for Relativistic Atom Interferometers in Flat Spacetime

Atom interferometry is a sensitive tool for measuring relativistic effects, but there are no known non-trivial exact solutions for relativistic atom interferometer phase shifts. Here we derive relativistically exact expressions within the usual semiclassical approximation for a wide range of experimentally interesting atom interferometer pulse sequences in flat spacetime, including Mach-Zehnder, resonant, and large momentum transfer interferometer geometries. As an example, the leading order phase shift $\omega_a g T^2/c$ for a Mach-Zehnder clock atom interferometer is found to become $\omega_a \left(1 + \frac{\omega_a}{2m}\right)(e^{-gT/c}-1)^2 c/g$ when all relativistic kinematics are included. We calculate exact phase shifts for both clock (single-photon) interferometers and Raman or Bragg (two-photon) interferometers.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2026

Cumulative Fidelity of LMT Clock Atom Interferometers in the Presence of Laser Noise

Clock atom interferometry is an emerging technique in precision measurements that is particularly well suited for sensitivity enhancement through large momentum transfer (LMT). While current systems have demonstrated momentum separations of several hundreds of photon momenta, next-generation quantum sensors are targeting an LMT enhancement factor beyond $10^4$. However, the viability of LMT clock interferometers has recently come into question due to the potential impact of laser frequency noise. Here, we resolve this concern by analyzing the cumulative fidelity of sequential state inversions in an LMT atom interferometer. We show that the population error from $n$ pulses applied from alternating directions scales linearly with $n$. This is a significant advantage over the $n^2$ scaling that occurs when probing a two-level system $n$ times from the same direction. We further show that contributions to the interferometer signal from parasitic paths generated by imperfect pulses are negligible, for any loss mechanism. These results establish that laser frequency noise is not a practical limitation for the development of high-fidelity LMT clock atom interferometers.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2026

A fast, large-scale optimal transport algorithm for holographic beam shaping

Optimal transport methods have recently established state of the art accuracy and efficiency for holographic laser beam shaping. However, use of such methods is hindered by severe $\mathcal{O}(N^2)$ memory and $\mathcal{O}(N^2)$ time requirements for large scale input or output images with $N$ total pixels. Here we leverage the dual formulation of the optimal transport problem and the separable structure of the cost to implement algorithms with greatly reduced $\mathcal{O}(N)$ memory and $\mathcal{O}(N\log N)$ to $\mathcal{O}(N^{3/2})$ time complexity. These algorithms are parallelizable and can solve megapixel-scale beam shaping problems in tens of seconds on a CPU or seconds on a GPU.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2026

deci-Hz Gravitational Wave Observations on the Moon and Beyond

This document summarizes talks and discussions from the workshop "deci-Hz Gravitational Wave Observations on the Moon and Beyond" that took place at Johns Hopkins University between September 1 and September 3, 2025. The workshop focused on experimental proposals to observe gravitational waves in the deci-Hz band, including lunar detectors, laser interferometers in space, and atom interferometry; gravitational wave sources in the deci-Hz frequency band; and the multi-messenger and multi-band astronomy that would be enabled by these observations.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2026

High-fidelity holographic beam shaping with optimal transport and phase diversity

A phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) provides a powerful way to shape laser beams into arbitrary intensity patterns, but at the cost of a hard computational problem of determining an appropriate SLM phase. Here we show that optimal transport methods can generate approximate solutions to this problem that serve as excellent initializations for iterative phase retrieval algorithms, yielding vortex-free solutions with superior accuracy and efficiency. Additionally, we show that analogous algorithms can be used to measure the intensity and phase of the input beam incident upon the SLM via phase diversity imaging. These techniques furnish flexible and convenient solutions to the computational challenges of beam shaping with an SLM.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2025

Atom Interferometer Phase Shear and Spacetime Sectional Curvature

Atom interferometry is a natural laboratory for precision tests of general relativity, but there is no simple relationship between atom interferometer phase and geometric properties of spacetime. Here we show that a different atom interferometer observable, the phase shear, can be expressed directly as the integrated sectional curvature over a spacetime surface enclosed by the interferometer arms and final beamsplitter. This is a consequence of a generalized Gauss-Bonnet theorem, which also explicitly computes small correction terms arising from gravitational redshift of atom optics pulses. This synthesis of quantum mechanics, relativity, and differential geometry affords a manifestly coordinate-free and representation-free means of measuring spacetime properties. Additionally, it provides a convenient computational tool for predicting atom interferometer properties in arbitrary background spacetimes.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2025

Collinear Three-Photon Excitation of a Strongly Forbidden Optical Clock Transition

The ${{^1\mathrm{S}_0}\!-\!{^3\mathrm{P}_0}}$ clock transition in strontium serves as the foundation for the world's best atomic clocks and for gravitational wave detector concepts in clock atom interferometry. This transition is weakly allowed in the fermionic isotope $^{87}$Sr but strongly forbidden in bosonic isotopes. Here, we demonstrate coherent excitation of the clock transition in bosonic ${}^{88}$Sr using a novel collinear three-photon process in a weak magnetic field. We observe Rabi oscillations with frequencies of up to $50~\text{kHz}$ using $\text{W}/\text{cm}^{2}$ laser intensities and Gauss-level magnetic field amplitudes. The absence of nuclear spin in bosonic isotopes offers decreased sensitivity to magnetic fields and optical lattice light shifts, enabling atomic clocks with reduced systematic errors. The collinear propagation of the laser fields permits the interrogation of spatially separated atomic ensembles with common laser pulses, a key requirement for dark matter searches and gravitational wave detection with next-generation quantum sensors.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2025

Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry

Long-baseline atom interferometry is a promising technique for probing various aspects of fundamental physics, astrophysics and cosmology, including searches for ultralight dark matter (ULDM) and for gravitational waves (GWs) in the frequency range around 1~Hz that is not covered by present and planned detectors using laser interferometry. The MAGIS detector is under construction at Fermilab, as is the MIGA detector in France. The PX46 access shaft to the LHC has been identified as a very suitable site for an atom interferometer of height $\sim 100$m, sites at the Boulby mine in the UK and the Canfranc Laboratory are also under investigation, and possible sites for km-class detectors have been suggested. The Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry (TVLBAI) Proto-Collaboration proposes a coordinated programme of interferometers of increasing baselines.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2024

Search for monopole-dipole interactions with atom interferometry

Light, weakly coupled bosonic particles such as axions can mediate long range monopole-dipole interactions between matter and spins. We propose a new experimental method using atom interferometry to detect such a force on a freely falling atom exerted by the spin of electrons. The intrinsic advantages of atom interferometry, such as the freely falling nature of the atom and the well-defined response of the atom to external magnetic fields, should enable the proposed method to overcome systematic effects induced by vibrations, magnetic fields, and gravity. This approach is most suited to probe forces with a range $\gtrsim$~10~cm. With current technology, our proposed setup could potentially extend probes of such forces by an order of magnitude beyond present laboratory limits.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2023

Atom Interferometry with Floquet Atom Optics

Floquet engineering offers a compelling approach for designing the time evolution of periodically driven systems. We implement a periodic atom-light coupling to realize Floquet atom optics on the strontium ${}^1\!S_0\,\text{-}\, {}^3\!P_1$ transition. These atom optics reach pulse efficiencies above $99.4\%$ over a wide range of frequency offsets between light and atomic resonance, even under strong driving where this detuning is on the order of the Rabi frequency. Moreover, we use Floquet atom optics to compensate for differential Doppler shifts in large momentum transfer atom interferometers and achieve state-of-the-art momentum separation in excess of $400~\hbar k$. This technique can be applied to any two-level system at arbitrary coupling strength, with broad application in coherent quantum control.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2022

Novel Light Field Imaging Device with Enhanced Light Collection for Cold Atom Clouds

We present a light field imaging system that captures multiple views of an object with a single shot. The system is designed to maximize the total light collection by accepting a larger solid angle of light than a conventional lens with equivalent depth of field. This is achieved by populating a plane of virtual objects using mirrors and fully utilizing the available field of view and depth of field. Simulation results demonstrate that this design is capable of single-shot tomography of objects of size $\mathcal{O}$(1 mm$^3$), reconstructing the 3-dimensional (3D) distribution and features not accessible from any single view angle in isolation. In particular, for atom clouds used in atom interferometry experiments, the system can reconstruct 3D fringe patterns with size $\mathcal{O}$(100 $μ$m). We also demonstrate this system with a 3D-printed prototype. The prototype is used to take images of $\mathcal{O}$(1 mm$^{3}$) sized objects, and 3D reconstruction algorithms running on a single-shot image successfully reconstruct $\mathcal{O}$(100 $μ$m) internal features. The prototype also shows that the system can be built with 3D printing technology and hence can be deployed quickly and cost-effectively in experiments with needs for enhanced light collection or 3D reconstruction. Imaging of cold atom clouds in atom interferometry is a key application of this new type of imaging device where enhanced light collection, high depth of field, and 3D tomographic reconstruction can provide new handles to characterize the atom clouds.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2022

Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper: Future Gravitational-Wave Detector Facilities

The next generation of gravitational-wave observatories can explore a wide range of fundamental physics phenomena throughout the history of the universe. These phenomena include access to the universe's binary black hole population throughout cosmic time, to the universe's expansion history independent of the cosmic distance ladders, to stochastic gravitational-waves from early-universe phase transitions, to warped space-time in the strong-field and high-velocity limit, to the equation of state of nuclear matter at neutron star and post-merger densities, and to dark matter candidates through their interaction in extreme astrophysical environments or their interaction with the detector itself. We present the gravitational-wave detector concepts than can drive the future of gravitational-wave astrophysics. We summarize the status of the necessary technology, and the research needed to be able to build these observatories in the 2030s.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2021

Matter-wave Atomic Gradiometer Interferometric Sensor (MAGIS-100)

MAGIS-100 is a next-generation quantum sensor under construction at Fermilab that aims to explore fundamental physics with atom interferometry over a 100-meter baseline. This novel detector will search for ultralight dark matter, test quantum mechanics in new regimes, and serve as a technology pathfinder for future gravitational wave detectors in a previously unexplored frequency band. It combines techniques demonstrated in state-of-the-art 10-meter-scale atom interferometers with the latest technological advances of the world's best atomic clocks. MAGIS-100 will provide a development platform for a future kilometer-scale detector that would be sufficiently sensitive to detect gravitational waves from known sources. Here we present the science case for the MAGIS concept, review the operating principles of the detector, describe the instrument design, and study the detector systematics.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2020

Large Momentum Transfer Clock Atom Interferometry on the 689 nm Intercombination Line of Strontium

We report the first realization of large momentum transfer (LMT) clock atom interferometry. Using single-photon interactions on the strontium ${}^1S_0 - {}^3P_1$ transition, we demonstrate Mach-Zehnder interferometers with state-of-the-art momentum separation of up to $141\,\hbar k$ and gradiometers of up to $81\,\hbar k$. Moreover, we circumvent excited state decay limitations and extend the gradiometer duration to 50 times the excited state lifetime. Because of the broad velocity acceptance of the interferometry pulses, all experiments are performed with laser-cooled atoms at a temperature of $3\,μ\text{K}$. This work has applications in high-precision inertial sensing and paves the way for LMT-enhanced clock atom interferometry on even narrower transitions, a key ingredient in proposals for gravitational wave detection and dark matter searches.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2017

Effective inertial frame in an atom interferometric test of the equivalence principle

In an ideal test of the equivalence principle, the test masses fall in a common inertial frame. A real experiment is affected by gravity gradients, which introduce systematic errors by coupling to initial kinematic differences between the test masses. We demonstrate a method that reduces the sensitivity of a dual-species atom interferometer to initial kinematics by using a frequency shift of the mirror pulse to create an effective inertial frame for both atomic species. This suppresses the gravity-gradient-induced dependence of the differential phase on initial kinematic differences by a factor of 100 and enables a precise measurement of these differences. We realize a relative precision of $Δg / g \approx 6 \times 10^{-11}$ per shot, which improves on the best previous result for a dual-species atom interferometer by more than three orders of magnitude. By suppressing gravity gradient systematic errors to below one part in $10^{13}$, these results pave the way for an atomic test of the equivalence principle at an accuracy comparable with state-of-the-art classical tests.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2017

Mid-band gravitational wave detection with precision atomic sensors

We assess the science reach and technical feasibility of a satellite mission based on precision atomic sensors configured to detect gravitational radiation. Conceptual advances in the past three years indicate that a two-satellite constellation with science payloads consisting of atomic sensors based on laser cooled atomic Sr can achieve scientifically interesting gravitational wave strain sensitivities in a frequency band between the LISA and LIGO detectors, roughly 30 mHz to 10 Hz. The discovery potential of the proposed instrument ranges from from observation of new astrophysical sources (e.g. black hole and neutron star binaries) to searches for cosmological sources of stochastic gravitational radiation and searches for dark matter.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2016

A Resonant Mode for Gravitational Wave Detectors based on Atom Interferometry

We describe an atom interferometric gravitational wave detector design that can operate in a resonant mode for increased sensitivity. By oscillating the positions of the atomic wavepackets, this resonant detection mode allows for coherently enhanced, narrow-band sensitivity at target frequencies. The proposed detector is flexible and can be rapidly switched between broadband and narrow-band detection modes. For instance, a binary discovered in broadband mode can subsequently be studied further as the inspiral evolves by using a tailored narrow-band detector response. In addition to functioning like a lock-in amplifier for astrophysical events, the enhanced sensitivity of the resonant approach also opens up the possibility of searching for important cosmological signals, including the stochastic gravitational wave background produced by inflation. We give an example of detector parameters which would allow detection of inflationary gravitational waves down to $Ω_\text{GW} \sim 10^{-14}$ for a two satellite space-based detector.

physics.atom-ph↗