arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Jens Hoppe.
For a supersymmetric Hamiltonian appearing in the matrix model related to 11 dimensional supermembranes, zero energy states are constructed. A useful symmetry, and an energy-equipartition property is pointed out.
For the SU(N) invariant supersymmetric matrix model related to membranes in 11 space-time dimensions, the general (bosonic) solution to the equations $Q_β^\dagger Ψ=0$ ($Q_βΨ=0$) is determined.
For the SU(N) invariant supersymmetric matrix model related to membranes in 4 space-time dimensions, the general solution to the equation(s) $Q^{\dagger}Ψ=0$ $(Qχ=0)$ is determined for N odd. For any such (bosonic) solution of $Q^{\dagger}Ψ=0$, a (fermionic) $Φ$ is found that (formally) satisfies $Q^{\dagger}Φ=Ψ$. For the analogous model in 11 dimensions the solution of $Q^{\dagger}Ψ=0 (QΨ=0)$ is outlined.
Some exact solutions to the classical matrix model equations that arise in the context of M(embrane) theory are given, and their topological nature is identified.
For a variety of diffeomorphism-invariant field theories describing hypersurface motions (such as relativistic M-branes in space-time dimension M+2) we perform a Hamiltonian reduction ``at level 0'', showing that a simple algebraic function of the normal velocity is canonically conjugate to the shape Σof the hypersurface. The Hamiltonian dependence on Σis solely via the domain of integration, raising hope for a consistent, reparametrisation-invariant quantization.
It is shown that time-harmonic motions of spherical and toroidal surfaces can be deformed non-locally without loosing the existence of infinitely many constants of the motion.
For the simplest case of a supermembrane matrix model, various symmetry reductions are given, with the fermionic contribution(s) (to an effective Schrödinger equation) corresponding to an attractive $δ$-function potential (towards zero-area configurations). The differential equations are real, and are shown not to admit square-integrable real solutions (even when allowing non-vanishing boundary conditions at infinity). Complex solutions, however, are not excluded by this argument.
It is shown that time-harmonic hypersurface motions in various, conformally flat, N-dimensional manifolds admit a multilinear description, dL/dt={ L, M_1, ... , M_{N-2} }, automatically generating infinitely many conserved quantities, as well as leading to new (integrable) matrix equations. Interestingly, the conformal factor can be changed without changing L.
A multilinear M-dimensional generalization of Lax pairs is introduced and its explicit form is given for the recently discovered class of time-harmonic, integrable, hypersurface motions.
M-branes are related to theories on function spaces $\cal{A}$ involving M-linear non-commutative maps from $\cal{A} \times \cdots \times \cal{A}$ to $\cal{A}$. While the Lie-symmetry-algebra of volume preserving diffeomorphisms of $T^M$ cannot be deformed when M>2, the arising M-algebras naturally relate to Nambu's generalisation of Hamiltonian mechanics, e.g. by providing a representation of the canonical M-commutation relations, $[J_1,\cdots, J_M]=i\hbar$. Concerning multidimensional integrability, an important generalisation of Lax-pairs is given.
We discuss hypersurface motions in Riemannian manifolds whose normal velocity is a function of the induced hypersurface volume element and derive a second order partial differential equation for the corresponding time function $τ(x)$ at which the hypersurface passes the point $x$. Equivalently, these motions may be described in a Hamiltonian formulation as the singlet sector of certain diffeomorphism invariant field theories. At least in some (infinite class of) cases, which could be viewed as a large-volume limit of Euclidean $M$-branesmoving in an arbitrary $M+1$-dimensional Riemannian manifold, the models are integrable: In the time-function formulation the equation becomes linear (with $τ(x)$ a harmonic function on the embedding Riemannian manifold). We explicitly compute solutions to the large volume limit of Euclidean membrane dynamics in $\Real^3$ by methods used in electrostatics and point out an additional gradient flow structure in $\Real^n$. In the Hamiltonian formulation we discover infinitely many hierarchies of integrable, multidimensional, $N$-component theories possessing infinitely many diffeomorphism invariant, Poisson commuting, conserved charges.
The dynamics of an M-dimensional extended object whose M+1 dimensional world volume in M+2 dimensional space-time has vanishing mean curvature is formulated in term of geometrical variables (the first and second fundamental form of the time-dependent surface $\sum_M$), and simple relations involving the rate of change of the total area of $\sum_M$, the enclosed volume as well as the spatial mean -- and intrinsic scalar curvature, integrated over $\sum_M$, are derived. It is shown that the non-linear equations of motion for $\sum_M(t)$ can be viewed as consistency conditions of an associated linear system that gives rise to the existence of non-local conserved quantities (involving the Christoffel-symbols of the flat M+1 dimensional euclidean submanifold swept out in ${\Bbb R}^{M+1}$). For M=1 one can show that all motions are necessarily singular (the curvature of a closed string in the plane can not be everywhere regular at all times) and for M=2, an explicit solution in terms of elliptic functions is exhibited, which is neither rotationally nor axially symmetric. As a by-product, 3-fold-periodic spacelike maximal hypersurfaces in ${\Bbb R}^{1,3}$ are found.
$M$-dimensional extended objects $Σ$ can be described by projecting a Diff $Σ$ invariant Hamiltonian of time-independent Hamiltonian density {\cal H} onto the Diff $Σ$- singlet sector, which after Hamiltonian reduction, using {\cal H} itself for one of the gauge-fixing conditions, results in a non-local description that may enable one to extend the non-local symmetries for strings to higher dimensions and make contact with gravity at an early stage.
A certain class of surface motions, including those of a relativistic membrane minimizing the 3-dimensional volume swept out in Minkowski-space, is shown to be equivalent to 3-dimensional steady-state irrotational inviscid isentropic gas-dynamics. The SU($\infty $) Nahm equations turn out to correspond to motions where the time $t$ at which the surface moves through the point $\ssatop\rhup{r}$ is a harmonic function of the three space-coordinates. This solution also implies the linearisation of a non-trivial-looking scalar field theory.
Using a formalism of minitwistors, we derive infinitely many conserved charges for the $sl(\infty )$-Toda equation which accounts for gravitational instantons with a rotational Killing symmetry. These charges are shown to form an infinite dimensional algebra through the Poisson bracket which is isomorphic to two dimensional area preserving diffeomorphism with central extentions.
A non-parametric gauge for supermembranes is introduced which substantially simplifies previous treatments and directly leads to the supersymmetric extension of a Karman-Tsien gas.
By explicitly eliminating all gauge degrees of freedom in the $3+1$-gauge description of a classical relativistic (open) membrane moving in $\Real^3$ we derive a $2+1$-dimensional nonlinear wave equation of Born-Infeld type for the graph $z(t,x,y)$ which is invariant under the Poincaré group in four dimensions. Alternatively, we determine the world-volume of a membrane in a covariant way by the zeroes of a scalar field $u(t,x,y,z)$ obeying a homogeneous Poincaré-invariant nonlinear wave-equation. This approach also gives a simple derivation of the nonlinear gas dynamic equation obtained in the light-cone gauge.
We greatly simplify the light-cone gauge description of a relativistic membrane moving in Minkowski space by performing a field-dependent change of variables which allows the explicit solution of all constraints and a Hamiltonian reduction to a $SO(1,3)$ invariant $2+1$-dimensional theory of isentropic gas dynamics, where the pressure is inversely proportional to (minus) the mass-density. Simple expressions for the generators of the Poincaré group are given. We also find a generalized Lax pair which involves as a novel feature complex conjugation. The extension to the supersymmetric case, as well as to higher-dimensional minimal surfaces of codimension one is briefly mentioned.