arXiv subjects

Jeremy L. Marzuola

Publications and source records attributed to Jeremy L. Marzuola.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2023

Uniform upper bounds on Courant sharp Neumann eigenvalues of chain domains

We obtain upper bounds on the number of nodal domains of Laplace eigenfunctions on chain domains with Neumann boundary conditions. The chain domains consist of a family of planar domains, with piecewise smooth boundary, that are joined by thin necks. Our work does not assume a lower bound on the width of the necks in the chain domain. As a consequence, we prove an upper bound on the number of Courant sharp eigenfunctions that is independent of the widths of the necks.

math.SP↗

arXiv2023

Price's law on Minkowski space in the presence of an inverse square potential

We consider the pointwise decay of solutions to wave-type equations in two model singular settings. Our main result is a form of Price's law for solutions of the massless Dirac-Coulomb system in (3+1)-dimensions. Using identical techniques, we prove a similar theorem for the wave equation on Minkowski space with an inverse square potential. One novel feature of these singular models is that solutions exhibit two different leading decay rates at timelike infinity in two regimes, distinguished by whether the spatial momentum along a curve which approaches timelike infinity is zero or non-zero. An important feature of our analysis is that it yields a precise description of solutions at the interface of these two regions which comprise the whole of timelike infinity.

math.AP↗

arXiv2022

Escape times for subgraph detection and graph partitioning

We provide a rearrangement based algorithm for fast detection of subgraphs of $k$ vertices with long escape times for directed or undirected networks. Complementing other notions of densest subgraphs and graph cuts, our method is based on the mean hitting time required for a random walker to leave a designated set and hit the complement. We provide a new relaxation of this notion of hitting time on a given subgraph and use that relaxation to construct a fast subgraph detection algorithm and a generalization to $K$-partitioning schemes. Using a modification of the subgraph detector on each component, we propose a graph partitioner that identifies regions where random walks live for comparably large times. Importantly, our method implicitly respects the directed nature of the data for directed graphs while also being applicable to undirected graphs. We apply the partitioning method for community detection to a large class of model and real-world data sets.

cs.SI↗

arXiv2022

Stability of spectral partitions and the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map

The oscillation of a Laplacian eigenfunction gives a great deal of information about the manifold on which it is defined. This oscillation can be encoded in the nodal deficiency, an important geometric quantity that is notoriously hard to compute, or even estimate. Here we compare two recently obtained formulas for the nodal deficiency, one in terms of an energy functional on the space of equipartitions of the manifold, and the other in terms of a two-sided Dirichlet-to-Neumann map defined on the nodal set. We relate these two approaches by giving an explicit formula for the Hessian of the equipartition energy in terms of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map. This allows us to compute Hessian eigenfunctions, and hence directions of steepest descent, for the equipartition energy in terms of the corresponding Dirichlet-to-Neumann eigenfunctions. Our results do not assume bipartiteness, and hence are relevant to the study of spectral minimal partitions.

math.AP↗

arXiv2022

The radiation field on product cones

We consider the wave equation on a product cone and find a joint asymptotic expansion for solutions near null and future infinities. The rates of decay seen in the expansion at future infinity are the resonances of a hyperbolic cone and were computed by the authors in a previous paper. The expansion treats an asymptotic regime not considered in the influential work of Cheeger and Taylor. The main result adapts the blueprint laid out in the asymptotically Minkowski setting with key new elements including propagation estimates near the conic singularities. The proof of the propagation estimates extends prior work of Melrose-Vasy-Wunsch and Gannot-Wunsch.

math.AP↗

arXiv2022

Numerical Algorithms for Water Waves with Background Flow over Obstacles and Topography

We present two accurate and efficient algorithms for solving the incompressible, irrotational Euler equations with a free surface in two dimensions with background flow over a periodic, multiply-connected fluid domain that includes stationary obstacles and variable bottom topography. One approach is formulated in terms of the surface velocity potential while the other evolves the vortex sheet strength. Both methods employ layer potentials in the form of periodized Cauchy integrals to compute the normal velocity of the free surface, are compatible with arbitrary parameterizations of the free surface and boundaries, and allow for circulation around each obstacle, which leads to multiple-valued velocity potentials but single-valued stream functions. We prove that the resulting second-kind Fredholm integral equations are invertible, possibly after a physically motivated finite-rank correction. In an angle-arclength setting, we show how to avoid curve reconstruction errors that are incompatible with spatial periodicity. We use the proposed methods to study gravity-capillary waves generated by flow around several elliptical obstacles above a flat or variable bottom boundary. In each case, the free surface eventually self-intersects in a splash singularity or collides with a boundary. We also show how to evaluate the velocity and pressure with spectral accuracy throughout the fluid, including near the free surface and solid boundaries. To assess the accuracy of the time evolution, we monitor energy conservation and the decay of Fourier modes and compare the numerical results of the two methods to each other. We implement several solvers for the discretized linear systems and compare their performance. The fastest approach employs a graphics processing unit (GPU) to construct the matrices and carry out iterations of the generalized minimal residual method (GMRES).

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2022

Nodal Set Openings on Perturbed Rectangular Domains

We study the effects of perturbing the boundary of a rectangle on the nodal sets of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian. Namely, for a rectangle of a given aspect ratio $N$, we identify the first Dirichlet mode to feature a crossing in its nodal set and perturb one of the sides of the rectangle by a close to flat, smooth curve. Such perturbations will often "open" the crossing in the nodal set, splitting it into two curves, and we study the separation between these curves and their regularity. The main technique used is an approximate separation of variables that allows us to restrict study to the first two Fourier modes in an eigenfunction expansion. We show how the nature of the boundary perturbation provides conditions on the orientation of the opening and estimates on its size. In particular, several features of the perturbed nodal set are asymptotically independent of the aspect ratio, which contrasts with prior works. Numerical results supporting our findings are also presented.

math.AP↗

arXiv2022

Eigenvalue spacing for 1D singular Schrödinger operators

The aim of this paper is to provide uniform estimates for the eigenvalue spacings of one-dimensional semiclassical Schrödinger operators with singular potentials on the half-line. We introduce a new development of semiclassical measures related to families of Schrödinger operators that provides a means of establishing uniform non-concentration estimates within that class of operators. This dramatically simplifies analysis that would typically require detailed WKB expansions near the turning point, near the singular point and several gluing type results to connect various regions in the domain.

math.AP↗

arXiv2022

A local test for global extrema in the dispersion relation of a periodic graph

We consider a family of periodic tight-binding models (combinatorial graphs) that have the minimal number of links between copies of the fundamental domain. For this family we establish a local condition of second derivative type under which the critical points of the dispersion relation can be recognized as global maxima or minima. Under the additional assumption of time-reversal symmetry, we show that any local extremum of a dispersion band is in fact its global extremum if the dimension of the periodicity group is three or less, or (in any dimension) if the critical point in question is a symmetry point of the Floquet--Bloch family with respect to complex conjugation. We demonstrate that our results are nearly optimal with a number of examples.

math-ph↗

arXiv2022

Pointwise dispersive estimates for Schrödinger operators on product cones

We investigate the dispersive properties of solutions to the Schrödinger equation with a weakly decaying radial potential on cones. If the potential has sufficient polynomial decay at infinity, then we show that the Schrödinger flow on each eigenspace of the link manifold satisfies a weighted $L^1\to L^\infty$ dispersive estimate. In odd dimensions, the decay rate we compute is consistent with that of the Schrödinger equation in a Euclidean space of the same dimension, but the spatial weights reflect the more complicated regularity issues in frequency that we face in the form of the spectral measure. In even dimensions, we prove a similar estimate, but with a loss of $t^{1/2}$ compared to the sharp Euclidean estimate.

math.AP↗

arXiv2021

Quasilinear Schrödinger equations III: Large Data and Short Time

In this article we prove short time local well-posedness in low-regularity Sobolev spaces for large data general quasilinear Schrödinger equations with a non-trapping assumption. These results represent improvements over the small data regime considered by the authors in previous works, as well as the pioneering works by Kenig-Ponce-Vega and Kenig-Ponce-Rolvung-Vega, where viscosity methods were used to prove existence of solutions for localized data in high regularity spaces. Our arguments here are purely dispersive. The function spaces in which we show existence are constructed in ways motivated by the results of Mizohata, Ichinose, Doi, and others, including the authors.

math.AP↗

arXiv2021

Quantitative bounds on Impedance-to-Impedance operators with applications to fast direct solvers for PDEs

We prove quantitative norm bounds for a family of operators involving impedance boundary conditions on convex, polygonal domains. A robust numerical construction of Helmholtz scattering solutions in variable media via the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator involves a decomposition of the domain into a sequence of rectangles of varying scales and constructing impedance-to-impedance boundary operators on each subdomain. Our estimates in particular ensure the invertibility, with quantitative bounds in the frequency, of the merge operators required to reconstruct the original Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator in terms of these impedance-to-impedance operators of the sub-domains. A key step in our proof is to obtain Neumann and Dirichlet boundary trace estimates on solutions of the impedance problem, which are of independent interest. In addition to the variable media setting, we also construct bounds for similar merge operators in the obstacle scattering problem.

math.AP↗

arXiv2021

Symmetry Breaking in Density Functional Theory due to Dirac Exchange for a Hydrogen Molecule

We study symmetry breaking in the mean field solutions to the 2 electron hydrogen molecule within Kohn Sham (KS) local spin density function theory with Dirac exchange (the XLDA model). This simplified model shows behavior related to that of the (KS) spin density functional theory (SDFT) predictions in condensed and molecular systems. The Kohn Sham solutions to the constrained SDFT variation problem undergo spontaneous symmetry breaking as the relative strength of the non-convex exchange term increases. This results in the change of the molecular ground state from a paramagnetic state to an antiferromagnetic ground states and a stationary symmetric delocalized 1st excited state. We further characterize the limiting behavior of the minimizer when the strength of the exchange term goes to infinity. This leads to further bifurcations and highly localized states with varying character. The stability of the various solution classes is demonstrated by Hessian analysis. Finite element numerical results provide support for the formal conjectures.

math-ph↗

arXiv2021

A metric on directed graphs and Markov chains based on hitting probabilities

The shortest-path, commute time, and diffusion distances on undirected graphs have been widely employed in applications such as dimensionality reduction, link prediction, and trip planning. Increasingly, there is interest in using asymmetric structure of data derived from Markov chains and directed graphs, but few metrics are specifically adapted to this task. We introduce a metric on the state space of any ergodic, finite-state, time-homogeneous Markov chain and, in particular, on any Markov chain derived from a directed graph. Our construction is based on hitting probabilities, with nearness in the metric space related to the transfer of random walkers from one node to another at stationarity. Notably, our metric is insensitive to shortest and average walk distances, thus giving new information compared to existing metrics. We use possible degeneracies in the metric to develop an interesting structural theory of directed graphs and explore a related quotienting procedure. Our metric can be computed in $O(n^3)$ time, where $n$ is the number of states, and in examples we scale up to $n=10,000$ nodes and $\approx 38M$ edges on a desktop computer. In several examples, we explore the nature of the metric, compare it to alternative methods, and demonstrate its utility for weak recovery of community structure in dense graphs, visualization, structure recovering, dynamics exploration, and multiscale cluster detection.

cs.SI↗

arXiv2020

Analysis of a fourth order exponential PDE arising from a crystal surface jump process with Metropolis-type transition rates

We analytically and numerically study a fourth order PDE modeling rough crystal surface diffusion on the macroscopic level. We discuss existence of solutions globally in time and long time dynamics for the PDE model. The PDE, originally derived by the second author, is the continuum limit of a microscopic model of the surface dynamics, given by a Markov jump process with Metropolis type transition rates. We outline the convergence argument, which depends on a simplifying assumption on the local equilibrium measure that is valid in the high temperature regime. We provide numerical evidence for the convergence of the microscopic model to the PDE in this regime.

math.AP↗

arXiv2020

The essential spectrum of periodically-stationary solutions of the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation

We establish the existence and regularity properties of a monodromy operator for the linearization of the cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation about a periodically-stationary (breather) solution. We derive a formula for the essential spectrum of the monodromy operator in terms of that of the associated asymptotic linear differential operator. This result is obtained using the theory of analytic semigroups under the assumption that the Ginzburg-Landau equation includes a spectral filtering (diffusion) term. We discuss applications to the stability of periodically-stationary pulses in ultrafast fiber lasers.

math.AP↗

arXiv2020

The profile decomposition for the hyperbolic Schrödinger equation

In this note, we prove the profile decomposition for hyperbolic Schrödinger (or mixed signature) equations on $\mathbb{R}^2$ in two cases, one mass-supercritical and one mass-critical. First, as a warm up, we show that the profile decomposition works for the ${\dot H}^{\frac12}$ critical problem, which gives a simple generalization of for instance one of the results in Fanelli-Visciglia (2013). Then, we give the derivation of the profile decomposition in the mass-critical case by proving an improved Strichartz estimate. We will use a very similar approach to that laid out in the notes of Killip-Visan (2008), but we are forced to do a double Whitney decomposition to accommodate an extra scaling symmetry that arises in the problem with mixed signature.

math.AP↗

arXiv2020

Local well-posedness for a quasilinear Schrödinger equation with degenerate dispersion

We consider a quasilinear Schrödinger equation on $\mathbb R$ for which the dispersive effects degenerate when the solution vanishes. We first prove local well-posedness for sufficiently smooth, spatially localized, degenerate initial data. As a corollary in the focusing case we obtain a short time stability result for the energy-minimizing compact breather.

math.AP↗