arXiv subjects

Jeremy Levick

Publications and source records attributed to Jeremy Levick.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Operator Algebra Generalization of a Theorem of Watrous and Mixed Unitary Quantum Channels

We establish an operator algebra generalization of Watrous' theorem \cite{watrous2009} on mixing unital quantum channels (completely positive trace-preserving maps) with the completely depolarizing channel, wherein the more general objects of focus become (finite-dimensional) von Neumann algebras, the unique trace preserving conditional expectation onto the algebra, the group of unitary operators in the commutant of the algebra, and the fixed point algebra of the channel. As an application, we obtain a result on the asymptotic theory of quantum channels, showing that all unital channels are eventually mixed unitary. We also discuss the special case of the diagonal algebra in detail, and draw connections to the theory of correlation matrices and Schur product maps.

math.OA↗

arXiv2022

Entanglement Breaking Rank via Complementary Channels and Multiplicative Domains

Quantum entanglement can be studied through the theory of completely positive maps in a number of ways, including by making use of the Choi-Jamilkowski isomorphism, which identifies separable states with entanglement breaking quantum channels, and optimal ensemble length with entanglement breaking rank. The multiplicative domain is an important operator structure in the theory of completely positive maps. We introduce a new technique to determine if a channel is entanglement breaking and to evaluate entanglement breaking rank, based on an analysis of multiplicative domains determined by complementary quantum channels. We give a full description of the class of entanglement breaking channels that have a projection as their Choi matrix, and we show the entanglement breaking and Choi ranks of such channels are equal.

math.OA↗

arXiv2021

Entanglement Breaking Channels, Stochastic Matrices, and Primitivity

We consider the important class of quantum operations (completely positive trace-preserving maps) called entanglement breaking channels. We show how every such channel induces stochastic matrix representations that have the same non-zero spectrum as the channel. We then use this to investigate when entanglement breaking channels are primitive, and prove this depends on primitivity of the matrix representations. This in turn leads to tight bounds on the primitivity index of entanglement breaking channels in terms of the primitivity index of the associated stochastic matrices. We also present examples and discuss open problems generated by the work.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2021

An extension of Bravyi-Smolin's construction for UMEBs

We extend Bravyi and Smolin's construction for obtaining unextendible maximally entangled bases (UMEBs) from equiangular lines. We show that equiangular real projections of rank more than 1 also exhibit examples of UMEBs. These projections arise in the context of optimal subspace packing in Grassmannian spaces. This generalization yields new examples of UMEBs in infinitely many dimensions of the underlying system. Consequently, we find a set of orthogonal unitary bases for symmetric subspaces of matrices in odd dimensions. This finding validates a recent conjecture about the mixed unitary rank of the symmetric Werner-Holevo channel in infinitely many dimensions.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2020

Positively Factorizable Maps

We initiate a study of linear maps on $M_n(\mathbb{C})$ that have the property that they factor through a tracial von Neumann algebra $(\mathcal{A,\tau})$ via operators $Z\in M_n(\mathcal{A})$ whose entries consist of positive elements from the von-Neumann algebra. These maps often arise in the context of non-local games, especially in the synchronous case. We establish a connection with the convex sets in $\mathbb{R}^n$ containing self-dual cones and the existence of these maps. The Choi matrix of a map of this kind which factors through an abelian von-Neumann algebra turns out to be a completely positive (CP) matrix. We fully characterize positively factorizable maps whose Choi rank is 2. We also provide some applications of this analysis in finding doubly nonnegative matrices which are not CPSD. A special class of these examples is found from the concept of Unextendible Product Bases in quantum information theory.

math.OA↗

arXiv2020

Twirling channels have minimal mixed-unitary rank

For a positive integer $d$ and a unitary representation $\rho:G\rightarrow\mathrm{U}(d)$ of a compact group $G$, the twirling channel for this representation is the linear mapping $\Phi: M_d\rightarrow M_d$ defined as $\Phi(X)=\int_{G}\mathrm{d}\mu(g)\,\rho(g)X\rho(g^{-1})$ for every $X\in M_d$, where $\mu$ is the Haar measure on $G$. Such channels are examples of mixed-unitary channels, as they are in the convex hull of the set of unitary channels of a fixed size. By Carath\'eodory's theorem, these channels can always be expressed as a finite linear combination of unitary channels. We consider the mixed-unitary rank twirling channels---which is the minimum number of distinct unitary conjugations required to express the channel as a convex combination of unitary channels---and show that the mixed-unitary rank of every twirling channel is always equal to its Choi rank, both of which are equal to the dimension of the von Neumann algebra generated by the representation. Moreover, we show how to explicitly construct minimal mixed-unitary decompositions for these types of channels and provide some examples.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2020

On the mixed-unitary rank of quantum channels

In the theory of quantum information, the mixed-unitary quantum channels, for any positive integer dimension $n$, are those linear maps that can be expressed as a convex combination of conjugations by $n\times n$ complex unitary matrices. We consider the mixed-unitary rank of any such channel, which is the minimum number of distinct unitary conjugations required for an expression of this form. We identify several new relationships between the mixed-unitary rank~$N$ and the Choi rank~$r$ of mixed-unitary channels, the Choi rank being equal to the minimum number of nonzero terms required for a Kraus representation of that channel. Most notably, we prove that the inequality $N\leq r^2-r+1$ is satisfied for every mixed-unitary channel (as is the equality $N=2$ when $r=2$), and we exhibit the first known examples of mixed-unitary channels for which $N>r$. Specifically, we prove that there exist mixed-unitary channels having Choi rank $d+1$ and mixed-unitary rank $2d$ for infinitely many positive integers $d$, including every prime power $d$. We also examine the mixed-unitary ranks of the mixed-unitary Werner--Holevo channels.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2019

Approximate Quasiorthogonality of Operator Algebras and Relative Quantum Privacy

We show that the approximate quasiorthogonality of two operator algebras is equivalent to the algebras being approximately private relative to their conditional expectation quantum channels. Our analysis is based on a characterization of the measure of orthogonality in terms of Choi matrices and Kraus operators for completely positive maps. We present examples drawn from different areas of quantum information.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2018

Factorizations of Quantum Channels

We find a connection between the existence of a factorization of a quantum channel and the existence of low-rank solutions to certain linear matrix equations. Using this, we show that if a quantum channel is factorized by a direct integral of factors, it must lie in the convex hull of quantum channels which are factorized respectively by the factors in the direct integral. We use this to characterize some non-trivial extreme points in the set of factorizable quantum channels and give an example.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2018

Matrix N-dilations of quantum channels

We study unital quantum channels which are obtained via partial trace of a $*$-automorphism of a finite unital matrix $*$-algebra. We prove that any such channel, $q$, on a unital matrix $*$-algebra, $\mathcal{A}$, admits a finite matrix $N-$dilation, $α_N$, for any natural number N. Namely, $α_N$ is a $*$-automorphism of a larger bi-partite matrix algebra $\mathcal{A} \otimes \mathcal{B}$ so that partial trace of $M$-fold self-compositions of $α_N$ yield the $M$-fold self-compositions of the original quantum channel, for any $1\leq M \leq N$. This demonstrates that repeated applications of the channel can be viewed as $*$-automorphic time evolution of a larger finite quantum system.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2017

Quantum Privacy and Schur Product Channels

We investigate the quantum privacy properties of an important class of quantum chan-nels, by making use of a connection with Schur product matrix operations and associated correlationmatrix structures. For channels implemented by mutually commuting unitaries, which cannot priva-tise qubits encoded directly into subspaces, we nevertheless identify private algebras and subsystemsthat can be privatised by the channels. We also obtain further results by combining our analysiswith tools from the theory of quasiorthogonal operator algebras and graph theory.

math-ph↗

arXiv2016

An Uncertainty Principle For Completely Positive Maps

We present an "uncertainty principle" for quantum channels, showing a relationship between the dimensions of the range of a channel and the range of its complement. We examine some interesting specific cases, and discuss consequences for privacy of quantum channels.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2015

Private Quantum Subsystems and Quasiorthogonal Operator Algebras

We generalize a recently discovered example of a private quantum subsystem to find private subsystems for Abelian subgroups of the $n$-qubit Pauli group, which exist in the absence of private subspaces. In doing so, we also connect these quantum privacy investigations with the theory of quasiorthogonal operator algebras through the use of tools from group theory and operator theory.

quant-ph↗