arXiv subjects

Jia Xiao

Publications and source records attributed to Jia Xiao.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Atrial Fibrillation Detection with Arbitrary Leads via a Codebook-Based Reconstruction-Classification Framework

\textbf{Background and Objective}: Reliable atrial fibrillation (AF) detection from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals remains challenging in real-world clinical settings due to variable lead configurations, cross-dataset domain shifts, and pervasive physiological and technical artifacts. So we develop a robust and generalizable deep learning model for accurate AF detection.\\ \textbf{Methods}: We propose the Dual-Codebook Graph Collaborative Network (DCGCNet), a novel end-to-end vector-quantized variational autoencoder that jointly performs AF classification and ECG reconstruction. DCGCNet introduces two key components: (1) a Local-Global Contrastive Module for learning noise-invariant representations, and (2) an Adaptive Codebook Vector Quantizer that dynamically refines codebook prototypes to better align with input data distributions, thereby preventing codebook collapse and enhancing generalization.\\ \textbf{Results}: DCGCNet achieves state-of-the-art performance in standard intra-dataset 12-lead evaluation and demonstrates exceptional cross-dataset generalization across seven diverse settings, consistently attaining AUC > 0.98 in all cases. Furthermore, it maintains high diagnostic accuracy under realistic noisy conditions, including baseline wander, powerline interference, and EMG artifacts.\\ \textbf{Conclusions}: DCGCNet establishes a new benchmark for robust, generalizable, and noise-resilient AF detection, showing strong potential for deployment in real-world clinical environments.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2026

Robust and Generalizable Atrial Fibrillation Detection from ECG Using Time-Frequency Fusion and Supervised Contrastive Learning

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia that significantly increases the risk of stroke and heart failure, necessitating reliable and generalizable detection methods from electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. Although deep learning has advanced automated AF diagnosis, existing approaches often struggle to exploit complementary time frequency information effectively, limiting both robustness under intra-dataset and generalization across diverse clinical datasets. To address these challenges, we propose a crossmodal deep learning framework comprising two key components: a Bidirectional Gating Module (BGM) and a Cross modal Supervised Contrastive Learning (CSCL) strategy. The BGM facilitates dynamic, reciprocal refinement between time and frequency domain features, enhancing model robustness to signal variations within a dataset. Meanwhile, CSCL explicitly structures the joint embedding space by pulling together label consistent samples and pushing apart different ones, thereby improving interclass separability and enabling strong cross dataset generalization. We evaluate our method using five fold crossvalidation on the AFDB and CPSC2021 datasets. Furthermore, to assess cross dataset generalization, we conduct bidirectional cross dataset experiments across AFDB, CPSC2021, LTAF, and SHDBAF by training on one dataset and testing on another. Results show consistent improvements over state of the art methods across multiple metrics, demonstrating that our approach achieves both high intra dataset robustness and excellent crossdataset generalization. We further demonstrate that our method achieves high computational efficiency and anti interference capability, making it suitable for edge deployment.

q-bio.QM↗

arXiv2025

Secondary Bounded Rationality: A Theory of How Algorithms Reproduce Structural Inequality in AI Hiring

AI-driven recruitment systems, while promising efficiency and objectivity, often perpetuate systemic inequalities by encoding cultural and social capital disparities into algorithmic decision making. This article develops and defends a novel theory of secondary bounded rationality, arguing that AI systems, despite their computational power, inherit and amplify human cognitive and structural biases through technical and sociopolitical constraints. Analyzing multimodal recruitment frameworks, we demonstrate how algorithmic processes transform historical inequalities, such as elite credential privileging and network homophily, into ostensibly meritocratic outcomes. Using Bourdieusian capital theory and Simon's bounded rationality, we reveal a recursive cycle where AI entrenches exclusion by optimizing for legible yet biased proxies of competence. We propose mitigation strategies, including counterfactual fairness testing, capital-aware auditing, and regulatory interventions, to disrupt this self-reinforcing inequality.

cs.CY↗

arXiv2022

Weakly Supervised Online Action Detection for Infant General Movements

To make the earlier medical intervention of infants' cerebral palsy (CP), early diagnosis of brain damage is critical. Although general movements assessment(GMA) has shown promising results in early CP detection, it is laborious. Most existing works take videos as input to make fidgety movements(FMs) classification for the GMA automation. Those methods require a complete observation of videos and can not localize video frames containing normal FMs. Therefore we propose a novel approach named WO-GMA to perform FMs localization in the weakly supervised online setting. Infant body keypoints are first extracted as the inputs to WO-GMA. Then WO-GMA performs local spatio-temporal extraction followed by two network branches to generate pseudo clip labels and model online actions. With the clip-level pseudo labels, the action modeling branch learns to detect FMs in an online fashion. Experimental results on a dataset with 757 videos of different infants show that WO-GMA can get state-of-the-art video-level classification and cliplevel detection results. Moreover, only the first 20% duration of the video is needed to get classification results as good as fully observed, implying a significantly shortened FMs diagnosis time. Code is available at: https://github.com/scofiedluo/WO-GMA.

cs.CV↗