arXiv subjects

Jian-Jun Shu

Publications and source records attributed to Jian-Jun Shu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2017

Financial option insurance

The option is a financial derivative, which is regularly employed in reducing the risk of its underlying securities. However, investing in option is still risky. Such risk becomes much severer for speculators who utilize option as a means of leverage to increase their potential returns. In order to mitigate risk on their positions, the rudimentary concept of financial option insurance is introduced into practice. Two starkly-dissimilar concepts of insurance and financial option are integrated into the formation of financial option insurance. The proposed financial product insures investors option premiums when misfortune befalls on them. As a trade-off, they are likely to sacrifice a limited portion of their potential profits. The loopholes of prevailing financial market are addressed and the void is filled by introducing a stable three-entity framework. Moreover, a specifically designed mathematical model is proposed. It consists of two portions: the business strategy of matching and a verification-and-modification process. The proposed model enables the option investors with calls and puts of different moneyness to be protected by the issued option insurance. Meanwhile, it minimizes the exposure of option insurers position to any potential losses.

q-fin.RM↗

arXiv2017

Fluid velocity slip and temperature jump at a solid surface

A comprehensive review of current analytical models, experimental techniques, and influencing factors is carried out to highlight the current challenges in this area. The study of fluid-solid boundary conditions has been ongoing for more than a century, starting from gas-solid interfaces and progressing to that of the more complex liquid-solid case. Breakthroughs have been made on the theoretical and experimental fronts but the mechanism behind the phenomena remains a puzzle. This paper provides a review of the theoretical models, and numerical and experimental investigations that have been carried out till date. Probable mechanisms and factors that affect the interfacial discontinuity are also documented.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2017

Fourier-based classification of protein secondary structures

The correct prediction of protein secondary structures is one of the key issues in predicting the correct protein folded shape, which is used for determining gene function. Existing methods make use of amino acids properties as indices to classify protein secondary structures, but are faced with a significant number of misclassifications. The paper presents a technique for the classification of protein secondary structures based on protein "signal-plotting" and the use of the Fourier technique for digital signal processing. New indices are proposed to classify protein secondary structures by analyzing hydrophobicity profiles. The approach is simple and straightforward. Results show that the more types of protein secondary structures can be classified by means of these newly-proposed indices.

q-bio.QM↗

arXiv2017

On generalized Tian Ji's horse racing strategy

Tian Ji's horse racing strategy, a famous Chinese legend, constitutes a promising concept to be applied to important issues in today's competitive environment; this strategy is elaborated on and analyzed by examining the general case. The mathematical formulation concerning the calculation of winning, drawing or losing combinations and probabilities is presented to illustrate the interesting insights on how ancient philosophies could promote thinking in business competitiveness, in particular, the wisdom behind sacrificing the part for the benefit of the whole or sacrificing the short-term objectives in order to gain the long-term goal.

cs.GT↗

arXiv2017

A new integrated symmetrical table for genetic codes

Degeneracy is a salient feature of genetic codes, because there are more codons than amino acids. The conventional table for genetic codes suffers from an inability of illustrating a symmetrical nature among genetic base codes. In fact, because the conventional wisdom avoids the question, there is little agreement as to whether the symmetrical nature actually even exists. A better understanding of symmetry and an appreciation for its essential role in the genetic code formation can improve our understanding of nature coding processes. Thus, it is worth formulating a new integrated symmetrical table for genetic codes, which is presented in this paper. It could be very useful to understand the Nobel laureate Crick wobble hypothesis: how one transfer ribonucleic acid can recognize two or more synonymous codons, which is an unsolved fundamental question in biological science.

q-bio.OT↗

arXiv2016

A new model for fluid velocity slip on a solid surface

A general adsorption model is developed to describe the interactions between near-wall fluid molecules and solid surface. This model serves as a framework for the theoretical modelling of the boundary slip phenomena. Based on this adsorption model, a new general model for the slip velocity of fluids on solid surfaces is introduced. The slip boundary condition at a fluid-solid interface has hitherto been considered separately for gases and liquids. In this paper, we show that the slip velocity in both gases and liquids may originate from dynamical adsorption processes at the interface. A unified analytical model that is valid for both gas-solid and liquid-solid slip boundary conditions is proposed based on surface science theory. The corroboration with experimental data extracted from the literature shows that the proposed model provides an improved prediction compared to existing analytical models for gases at higher shear rates and close agreement for liquid-solid interfaces in general.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2016

A new model for temperature jump at a fluid-solid interface

The problem presented involves the development of a new analytical model for the general fluid-solid temperature jump. To the best of our knowledge, there are no analytical models that provide the accurate predictions of the temperature jump for both gas and liquid systems. In this paper, a unified model for the fluid-solid temperature jump has been developed based on our adsorption model of the interfacial interactions. Results obtained from this model are validated with available results from the literature.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2015

Thermal interaction between free convection and forced convection along a vertical conducting wall

A theoretical study is presented in this paper to investigate the conjugate heat transfer across a vertical finite wall separating two forced and free convection flows at different temperatures. The heat conduction in the wall is in the transversal direction and countercurrent boundary layers are formed on the both sides of the wall. The governing equations of this problem and their corresponding boundary conditions are all cast into a dimensionless form by using a non-similarity transformation. These resultant equations with multiple singular points are solved numerically using a very efficient singular perturbation method. The effects of the resistance parameters and Prandtl numbers on heat transfer characteristics are investigated.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2015

Transient conjugate free convection from a vertical flat plate in a porous medium subjected to a sudden change in surface heat flux

The paper presents a theoretical study using the Karman-Pohlhausen method for describing the transient heat exchange between the boundary-layer free convection and a vertical flat plate embedded in a porous medium. The unsteady behavior is developed after the generation of an impulsive heat flux step at the right-hand side of the plate. Two cases are considered according to whether the plate has a finite thickness or no thickness. The time and space evolution of the interface temperature is evidenced.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2015

Magnetic fields facilitate DNA-mediated charge transport

Exaggerate radical-induced DNA damage under magnetic fields is of great concerns to medical biosafety and to bio-molecular device based upon DNA electronic conductivity. In this report, the effect of applying an external magnetic field (MF) on DNA-mediated charge transport (CT) was investigated by studying guanine oxidation by a kinetics trap (8CPG) via photoirradiation of anthraquinone (AQ) in the presence of an external MF. Positive enhancement in CT efficiencies was observed in both the proximal and distal 8CPG after applying a static MF of 300 mT. MF assisted CT has shown sensitivities to magnetic field strength, duplex structures, and the integrity of base pair stacking. MF effects on spin evolution of charge injection upon AQ irradiation and alignment of base pairs to CT-active conformation during radical propagation were proposed to be the two major factors that MF attributed to facilitate DNA-mediated CT. Herein, our results suggested that the electronic conductivity of duplex DNA can be enhanced by applying an external MF. MF effects on DNA-mediated CT may offer a new avenue for designing DNA-based electronic device, and unraveled MF effects on redox and radical relevant biological processes.

physics.bio-ph↗

arXiv2015

Programmable DNA-mediated multitasking processor

Because of DNA appealing features as perfect material, including minuscule size, defined structural repeat and rigidity, programmable DNA-mediated processing is a promising computing paradigm, which employs DNAs as information storing and processing substrates to tackle the computational problems. The massive parallelism of DNA hybridization exhibits transcendent potential to improve multitasking capabilities and yield a tremendous speed-up over the conventional electronic processors with stepwise signal cascade. As an example of multitasking capability, we present an in vitro programmable DNA-mediated optimal route planning processor as a functional unit embedded in contemporary navigation systems. The novel programmable DNA-mediated processor has several advantages over the existing silicon-mediated methods, such as conducting massive data storage and simultaneous processing via much fewer materials than conventional silicon devices.

physics.bio-ph↗

arXiv2014

On thermal boundary layers on a flat plate subjected to a variable heat flux

The problem of a steady forced convection thermal boundary-layer past a flat plate with a prescribed surface heat flux is investigated both analytically and numerically. In view of the present formulation, the governing equations reduce to the well-know Blasius similarity equation and to the full boundary-layer energy equation with two parameters: Prandtl number and surface heat flux parameter. The range of existence of solutions is considered. The asymptotic solutions are derived and compared with the numerical solutions of the full boundary-layer equation. A very good agreement between these asymptotic solutions and numerical simulations are found in the range of Prandtl numbers considered.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2014

Pressure pulsations in reciprocating pump piping systems Part 1: Modelling

A distributed parameter model of pipeline transmission line behaviour is presented, based on a Galerkin method incorporating frequency-dependent friction. This is readily interfaced to an existing model of the pumping dynamics of a plunger pump to allow time-domain simulations of pipeline pressure pulsations in both suction and delivery lines. A new model for the pump inlet manifold is also proposed.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2014

Modelling vaporous cavitation on fluid transients

A comprehensive study of the problem of modelling vaporous cavitation in transmission lines is presented. The two-phase homogeneous equilibrium vaporous cavitation model which has been developed is compared with the conventional column separation model. The latter predicts unrealistically high pressure spikes because of a conflict arising from the prediction of negative cavity sizes if the pressure is not permitted to fall below the vapour pressure, or the prediction of negative absolute pressures if the cavity size remains positive. This is verified by a comparison of predictions with previously published experimental results on upstream, midstream and downstream cavitation. The new model has been extended to include frequency-dependent friction. The characteristics predicted by the frequency-dependent friction model show close correspondence with experimental data.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2014

An accurate numerical method for systems of differentio-integral equations associated with multiphase flow

A very simple and accurate numerical method which is applicable to systems of differentio-integral equations with quite general boundary conditions has been devised. Although the basic idea of this method stems from the Keller Box method, it solves the problem of systems of differential equations involving integral operators not previously considered by the Keller Box method. Two main preparatory stages are required: (i) a merging procedure for differential equations and conditions without integral operators and; (ii) a reduction procedure for differential equations and conditions with integral operators. The differencing processes are effectively simplified by means of the unit-step function. The nonlinear difference equations are solved by Newton method using an efficient block arrow-like matrix factorization technique. As an example of the application of this method, the systems of equations for combined gravity body force and forced convection in laminar film condensation can be solved for prescribed values of physical constants.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2014

Characteristics of a hydraulic jump in Bingham fluid

In this paper, we seek an adequate macroscopic model for a hydraulic jump in Bingham fluid. The formulas for conjugate depths, sequent bottom shear stress and critical depth are established. Since no exact analytical solution in closed form is available for conjugate depths, an approximate formula is developed. This formula can provide good results with an error less than 4%. The analytical results have revealed that the critical depth and the ratio of conjugate depths increase until bottom shear stress exceeds a certain value and then decrease afterwards. The bottom shear stress downstream of the jump is smaller than that upstream. The results are verified by experimental data and observations available in the literature.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2014

Beyond Parrondo's paradox

The Parrondo's paradox is a counterintuitive phenomenon where individually-losing strategies can be combined in producing a winning expectation. In this paper, the issues surrounding the Parrondo's paradox are investigated. The focus is lying on testifying whether the same paradoxical effect can be reproduced by using a simple capital dependent game. The paradoxical effect generated by the Parrondo's paradox can be explained by placing all the parameters in one probability space. Based on this framework, it is able to generate other possible paradoxical effects by manipulating the parameters in the probability space.

cs.GT↗

arXiv2014

Microscale heat transfer in a free jet against a plane surface

A new two-layer model has been proposed to study microscale heat transfer associated with a developing flow boundary layer. As an example, a cold, microscale film of liquid impinging on an isothermal hot, horizontal surface has been investigated. The boundary layer is divided into two regions: a micro layer at microscale away from the surface and a macro layer at macroscale away from the surface. An approximate solution for the velocity and temperature distributions in the flow along the horizontal surface is developed, which exploits the hydrodynamic similarity solution for microscale film flow. The approximate solution may provide a valuable basis for assessing microscale flow and heat transfer in more complex settings.

physics.flu-dyn↗