arXiv subjects

Jiangming Yao

Publications and source records attributed to Jiangming Yao.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Ab initio anatomy of quadrupole correlations in $^{16}$O and $^{20}$Ne

Azimuthal hadronic flow measured in ultra-relativistic ion--ion collisions provides a new means of imaging multipole correlations in the ground state of atomic nuclei. Early interpretations largely relied on a classical-rotor picture, in which the measured mean-square elliptic flow is directly related to an intrinsic quadrupole deformation. Atomic nuclei, however, contain additional many-body correlations generated by the Pauli exclusion principle, collective shape fluctuations and non-collective dynamical processes, whose impact on this correspondence has not yet been elucidated. Here, we resolve this issue through an ab initio analysis of $^{16}$O and $^{20}$Ne based on chiral nuclear interactions, combining the in-medium similarity renormalization group with the quantum-number-projected generator coordinate method. By successively isolating antisymmetrization, collective rotational and vibrational, and non-collective dynamical correlations, we determine, for the first time, how each component contributes to the mean-square quadrupole eccentricity. We uncover an unexpected compensation among these distinct correlation mechanisms: despite sizable individual contributions, the squared effective quadrupole deformation inferred from the elliptic flow remains close to the square intrinsic deformation of the nucleus. This result provides a microscopic explanation for the surprising success of the classical-rotor approximation and establishes a quantitative foundation for interpreting $^{16}$O+$^{16}$O and $^{20}$Ne+$^{20}$Ne collision data recently collected at the Large Hadron Collider.

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arXiv2026

Quantum effects in the quadrupole rotor picture of ultra-relativistic ion-ion collisions

The azimuthal hadronic flow observed in ultra-relativistic ion-ion collisions provides a sensitive probe of many-body ground-state correlations in the colliding nuclei. In particular, collective correlations associated with nuclear "intrinsic deformation" are expected to leave pronounced fingerprints on specific final-state observables. However, such effects are commonly interpreted within a classical rigid-rotor picture, despite the intrinsically quantum nature of nuclei. In this Letter, the validity of this interpretation is assessed systematically across the nuclear chart by comparing the quantum quadrupole rotor with its classical rigid-rotor limit. Quantum contributions associated with the fermionic nature of the nucleons are shown to be largely independent of shell effects, and hence of the intrinsic deformation. While they account for nearly all of the quantum rotor effective quadrupole deformation in light and/or spherical nuclei, they drop below 10% in intrinsically well deformed heavy nuclei. The present letter demonstrates that a quantitative interpretation of nuclear-structure effects in final-state observables requires going beyond the classical rigid-rotor paradigm. Beyond the quantum contributions quantified presently, correlations associated with collective vibrations and with the non-collective nucleonic motion must be further included and characterized.

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arXiv2025

High-Precision Physics Experiments at Huizhou Large-Scale Scientific Facilities

In response to the capabilities presented by the High-Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) and the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System (CiADS), as well as the proposed Chinese Advanced Nuclear Physics Research Facility (CNUF), we are assembling a consortium of experts in relevant discipline--both domestically and internationally--to delineate high-precision physics experiments that leverage the state-of-the-art research environment afforded by CNUF. Our focus encompasses six primary domains of inquiry: hadron physics--including endeavors such as the super eta factory and investigations into light hadron structures; muon physics; neutrino physics; neutron physics; the testing of fundamental symmetries; and the exploration of quantum effects within nuclear physics, along with the utilization of vortex accelerators. We aim to foster a well-rounded portfolio of large, medium, and small-scale projects, thus unlocking new scientific avenues and optimizing the potential of the Huizhou large scientific facility. The aspiration for international leadership in scientific research will be a guiding principle in our strategic planning. This initiative will serve as a foundational reference for the Institute of Modern Physics in its strategic planning and goal-setting, ensuring alignment with its developmental objectives while striving to secure a competitive edge in technological advancement. Our ambition is to engage in substantive research within these realms of high-precision physics, to pursue groundbreaking discoveries, and to stimulate progress in China's nuclear physics landscape, positioning Huizhou as a preeminent global hub for advanced nuclear physics research.

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arXiv2025

Benchmarking nuclear matrix elements of $0νββ$ decay with high-energy nuclear collisions

Reducing uncertainties in the nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) remains a critical challenge in designing and interpreting experiments aimed at discovering neutrinoless double beta ($0νββ$) decay. Here, we identify a class of observables, distinct from those employed in low-energy nuclear structure applications, that are strongly correlated with the NMEs: momentum correlations among hadrons produced in high-energy nuclear collisions. Focusing on the $^{150}$Nd$\rightarrow$$^{150}$Sm transition, we combine a Bayesian analysis of the structure of $^{150}$Nd with simulations of high-energy $^{150}$Nd+$^{150}$Nd collisions. We reveal prominent correlations between the NMEs and features of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in these processes, such as spatial gradients and anisotropies, which are accessible via collective flow measurements. Our findings demonstrate collider experiments involving $0νββ$ decay candidates as a platform for benchmarking theoretical predictions of the NMEs.

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arXiv2024

Nuclear mass table in deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum, II: Even-$Z$ nuclei

The mass table in the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc) with the PC-PK1 density functional has been established for even-$Z$ nuclei with $8\le Z\le120$, extended from the previous work for even-even nuclei [Zhang $\it{et.~al.}$ (DRHBc Mass Table Collaboration), At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 144, 101488 (2022)]. The calculated binding energies, two-nucleon and one-neutron separation energies, root-mean-square (rms) radii of neutron, proton, matter, and charge distributions, quadrupole deformations, and neutron and proton Fermi surfaces are tabulated and compared with available experimental data. A total of 4829 even-$Z$ nuclei are predicted to be bound, with an rms deviation of 1.477 MeV from the 1244 mass data. Good agreement with the available experimental odd-even mass differences, $α$ decay energies, and charge radii is also achieved. The description accuracy for nuclear masses and nucleon separation energies as well as the prediction for drip lines is compared with the results obtained from other relativistic and nonrelativistic density functional. The comparison shows that the DRHBc theory with PC-PK1 provides an excellent microscopic description for the masses of even-$Z$ nuclei. The systematics of the nucleon separation energies, odd-even mass differences, pairing energies, two-nucleon gaps, $α$ decay energies, rms radii, quadrupole deformations, potential energy curves, neutron density distributions, and neutron mean-field potentials are discussed.

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arXiv2023

Low-momentum relativistic nucleon-nucleon potentials I: Nuclear matter

A series of relativistic one-boson-exchange potentials for two-nucleon system, denoted as OBEP$Λ$, is constructed with a momentum cutoff $Λ$ ranging from $\infty$ to 2 fm$^{-1}$. These potentials are developed by simultaneous fitting to nucleon-nucleon ($NN$) scattering phase shifts, low-energy scattering length, effective range, and the binding energy of the deuteron. The momentum-space matrix elements of the low-momentum OBEP$Λ$ ($Λ\leqslant 3$ fm$^{-1}$) demonstrate consistency with the universal behaviors observed in other realistic $NN$ potentials evolved by renormalization group methods. These OBEP$Λ$s are applied to calculate the equation of state of symmetric nuclear matter (SNM) within either the nonrelativistic (NR) Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (BHF) or relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) frameworks. The results show that the saturation properties of SNM are reproduced qualitatively from the RBHF calculation, but not from the NR-BHF calculation. This study highlights the relativistic mechanism in explaining the saturation properties of nuclear matter. The remaining discrepancy in reproducing empirical saturation properties in the RBHF calculation using the OBEP$Λ$s signals the necessity of including three-nucleon correlations or genuine three-nucleon forces.

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arXiv2022

Multi-reference many-body perturbation theory for nuclei III -- Ab initio calculations at second order in PGCM-PT

In spite of missing dynamical correlations, the projected generator coordinate method (PGCM) was recently shown to be a suitable method to tackle the low-lying spectroscopy of complex nuclei. Still, describing absolute binding energies and reaching high accuracy eventually requires the inclusion of dynamical correlations on top of the PGCM. In this context, the present work discusses the first realistic results of a novel multi-reference perturbation theory (PGCM-PT) that can do so within a symmetry-conserving scheme for both ground and low-lying excited states. First, proof-of-principle calculations in a small ($e_{\mathrm{max}}=4$) model space demonstrate that exact binding energies of closed- (\nucl{O}{16}) and open-shell (\nucl{O}{18}, \nucl{Ne}{20}) nuclei are reproduced within $0.5-1.5\%$ at second order, i.e. through PGCM-PT(2). Moreover, profiting from the pre-processing of the Hamiltonian via multi-reference in-medium similarity renormalization group transformations, PGCM-PT(2) can reach converged values within smaller model spaces than with an unevolved Hamiltonian. Doing so, dynamical correlations captured by PGCM-PT(2) are shown to bring essential corrections to low-lying excitation energies that become too dilated at leading order, i.e., at the strict PGCM level. The present work is laying the foundations for a better understanding of the optimal way to grasp static and dynamical correlations in a consistent fashion, with the aim of accurately describing ground and excited states of complex nuclei via ab initio many-body methods.

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arXiv2018

Nuclear Structure from the In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group

Efforts to describe nuclear structure and dynamics from first principles have advanced significantly in recent years. Exact methods for light nuclei are now able to include continuum degrees of freedom and treat structure and reactions on the same footing, and multiple approximate, computationally efficient many-body methods have been developed that can be routinely applied for medium-mass nuclei. This has made it possible to confront modern nuclear interactions from Chiral Effective Field Theory, that are rooted in Quantum Chromodynamics with a wealth of experimental data. Here, we discuss one of these efficient new many-body methods, the In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group (IMSRG), and its applications in modern nuclear structure theory. The IMSRG evolves the nuclear many-body Hamiltonian in second-quantized form through continuous unitary transformations that can be implemented with polynomial computational effort. Through suitably chosen generators, we drive the matrix representation of the Hamiltonian in configuration space to specific shapes, e.g., to implement a decoupling of low- and high-energy scales, or to extract energy eigenvalues for a given nucleus. We present selected results from Multireference IMSRG (MR-IMSRG) calculations of open-shell nuclei, as well as proof-of-principle applications for intrinsically deformed medium-mass nuclei. We discuss the successes and prospects of merging the (MR-)IMSRG with many-body methods ranging from Configuration Interaction to the Density Matrix Renormalization Group, with the goal of achieving an efficient simultaneous description of dynamic and static correlations in atomic nuclei.

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arXiv2011

Lambda and Anti-Lambda Hypernuclei in Relativistic Mean-field Theory

Several aspects about $Λ$-hypernuclei in the relativistic mean field theory, including the effective $Λ$-nucleon coupling strengths based on the successful effective nucleon-nucleon interaction PK1, hypernuclear magnetic moment and $\barΛ$-hypernuclei, have been presented. The effect of tensor coupling in $Λ$-hypernuclei and the impurity effect of $\barΛ$ to nuclear structure have been discussed in detail.

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arXiv2010

Tensor coupling effects on spin symmetry in anti-Lambda spectrum of hypernuclei

The effects of $\barΛ\barΛω$-tensor coupling on the spin symmetry of $\barΛ$ spectra in $\barΛ$-nucleus systems have been studied with the relativistic mean-field theory. Taking $^{12}$C+$\barΛ$ as an example, it is found that the tensor coupling enlarges the spin-orbit splittings of $\barΛ$ by an order of magnitude although its effects on the wave functions of $\barΛ$ are negligible. Similar conclusions has been observed in $\barΛ$-nucleus of different mass regions, including $^{16}$O+$\barΛ$, $^{40}$Ca+$\barΛ$ and $^{208}$Pb+$\barΛ$. It indicates that the spin symmetry in anti-lambda-nucleus systems is still good irrespective of the tensor coupling.

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arXiv2009

Spin Symmetry for Anti-Lambda Spectrum in atomic nucleus

The spin symmetry of anti-Lambda spectrum in nucleus $^{16}$O has been studied in the relativistic mean field theory. The spin-orbit splittings of spin doublets are found to be around 0.03-0.07 MeV and the dominant components of the Dirac spinor for the anti-Lambda spin doublets are found to be near identical. It indicates that there is an even better spin symmetry in the anti-Lambda spectrum than that in the anti-nucleon spectrum.

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