Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Jiansheng Chen

Publications and source records attributed to Jiansheng Chen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

Optical Photometry of Type II-P Supernova 2004dj in NGC 2403

We present photometric data of the type II-P supernova (SN) 2004dj in NGC 2403. The multicolor light curves cover the SN from $\sim$ 60 to 200 days after explosion, and are measured with a set of intermediate-band filters that have the advantage of tracing the strength variations of some spectral features. The light curves show a flat evolution in the middle of the plateau phase, then decline exponentially at the late times, with a rate of 0.10$\pm$0.03 mag (10 days)$^{-1}$ in most of the filters. In the nebular phase, the spectral energy distribution (SED) of SN 2004dj shows a steady increase in the flux near 6600 Åand 8500 Å, which may correspond to the emission lines of H$α$ and Ca II near-IR triplet, respectively. The photometric behavior suggests that SN 2004dj is a normal SN II-P. Compared with the light curves of another typical SN II-P 1999em, we estimate the explosion date to be June 10$\pm$21 UT, 2004 (JD 2453167$\pm$21) for SN 2004dj. We also estimate the ejected nickel mass during the explosion to be $M(^{56}\rm{Ni})$ = 0.023 $\pm$ 0.005 $M_{\odot}$ from two different methods, which is typical for a SN II-P. We derive the explosion energy $E \approx 0.75^{+0.56}_{-0.38}\times10^{51}$ erg, the ejecta mass $M \approx 10.0^{+7.4}_{-5.2}$ $M_{\odot}$, and the initial radius $R \approx 282^{+253}_{-122}$ $R_{\odot}$ for the presupernova star of SN 2004dj, which are consistent with other typical SNe II-P.

astro-ph↗

Age Estimations of M31 Globular Clusters from Their Spectral Energy Distributions

This paper presents accurate spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 16 M31 globular clusters (GCs) confirmed by spectroscopy and/or high spatial-resolution imaging, as well as 30 M31 globular cluster candidates detected by Mochejska et al. Most of these candidates have m_V > 18, deeper than previous searches, and these candidates have not yet been confirmed to be globular clusters. The SEDs of these clusters and candidates are obtained as part of the BATC Multicolor Survey of the Sky, in which the spectrophotometrically-calibrated CCD images of M31 in 13 intermediate-band filters from 4000 to 10000 A were observed. These filters are specifically designed to exclude most of the bright and variable night-sky emission lines including the OH forest. In comparison to the SEDs of true GCs, we find that some of the candidate objects are not GCs in M31. SED fits show that theoretical simple stellar population (SSP) models can fit the true GCs very well. We estimate the ages of these GCs by comparing with SSP models. We find that, the M31 clusters range in age from a few ten Myr to a few Gyr old, as well as old GCs, confirming the conclusion that has been found by Barmby et a, Williams & Hodge, Beasley et al., Burstein et al. and Puzia et al. in their investigations of the SEDs of M31 globular clusters.

astro-ph↗

Spectral Energy Distributions of M81 Globular Clusters in BATC Multicolor Survey

In this paper, we give the spectral energy distributions of 42 M81 globular clusters in 13 intermediate-band filters from 4000 to 10000 A, using the CCD images of M81 observed as part of the BATC multicolor survey of the Sky. The BATC multicolor filter system is specifically designed to exclude most of the bright and variable night-sky emission lines including the OH forest. Hence, it can present accurate SEDs of the observed objects. These spectral energy distributions are low-resolution spectra, and can reflect the stellar populations of the globular clusters. This paper confirms the conclusions of Schroder et al. that, M81 contains clusters as young as a few Gyrs, which also were observed in both M31 and M33

astro-ph↗

037-B327 in M31: Luminous Globular Cluster or Core of a Former Dwarf Spheroidal Companion to M31?

037-B327 is of interest because it is both the most luminous and the most highly reddened cluster known in M31. Deep observations with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope provide photometric data in the F606W band, and also show that this cluster is crossed by a dust lane. We determined the structural parameters of 037-B327 by fitting the observed surface brightness distribution to a King model with r_c=0.72" (=2.69 pc), and r_t=5.87" (=21.93 pc), and a concentration index c=log(r_t/r_c)=0.91. The surface brightness profile appears to be essentially flat within 0.25" of the center and shows no signs of core collapse. Although the dust lane affects the photometry, the King model fits the surface brightness profile well except for the regions badly affected by the dust lane. We also calculate the half-light radius r_h=1.11" (=4.15 pc). Combined with previous photometry, we find that this object falls in the same region of the M_V versus log R_h diagram as do Omega Centauri, M54 and NGC 2419 in the Milky Way and the massive cluster G1 in M31. All four of these objects have been claimed to be the stripped cores of former dwarf galaxies. This suggests that 037-B327 may also be the stripped core of a former dwarf companion to M31.

astro-ph↗

The intriguing giant bow shocks near HH 131

Using the High Dispersion Spectrograph at the Subaru Telescope, echelle spectra of two giant arcs, i.e. nebulosities Cw and L associated with HH 131 in Orion are presented. Typical emission lines of Herbig-Haro objects have been detected towards Cw. With the 2.16 m telescope of National Astronomical Observatories, spectra of Nebu. C, L and K are obtained, which also show strong [SII]6717/6731, H$α$ and [NII]6583 emission lines. Position-velocity distributions of Cw and L are analyzed. The fastest radial velocity of Cw is V_r ~ -18.0 km/s. When the flow at L goes to the south, it slows down. The fastest radial velocity of L has been observed of -45.0 km/s and the slowest value is about -18.3 km/s. The similarity of the velocities and their positional connection indicate that Cw and L are physically associated. The entire flow tends to become less excited and less ionized when going further to the south (i.e., from Nebu. K, L to C). The electron densities of all the observed nebulosities are low (n_e ~ 10^2 cm^-3). Double kinematic signatures have been found in Cw from its [NII]6583 profiles while the observed H$α$ profiles of Cw are almost symmetric. Bow shock models appear to agree with the observed position-velocity diagrams of the [NII spectra better than H$α$ spectra. With the suggestion that these arcs are HH shocks possibly ejected out of the Orion A molecular cloud by an uncertain source, their spectra show low to intermediate excitation from their diagnostic line ratios.

astro-ph↗

Identification of X-ray Point Sources and Study on the Nature of 62 X-ray Globular Cluster Candidates in M31

This paper includes two parts. The first is to present the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 49 globular cluster (GC) X-ray sources in the BATC 13 intermediate-band filters from 3800 to 10000 A, and identify 8 unidentified X-ray sources in M31. Using the X-ray data of Einstein observation from 1979 to 1980, ROSAT HRI observation in 1990, Chandra HRC and ACIS-I observations from 1999 to 2001, and the BATC optical survey from 1995 to 1999, we find 49 GC X-ray sources and 8 new unidentified X-ray sources in the BATC M31 field. By analyzing SEDs and FWHMs, 4 of the 8 X-ray sources may be GC candidates. The second is to present some statistical relationships about 62 GC X-ray sources, of which 58 are already known, and 4 are identified in this paper. The distribution of M31 GC X-ray sources' V mags is bimodal, with peaks at m_v = 15.65 and m_v = 17.89, which is different from the distribution of GC candidates. The distribution of B-V color shows that,the GC X-ray sources seem to be associated preferentially with the redder GCs, in agreement with the previous results. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test shows that the maximum value of the absolute difference of B-V distributions of GC X-ray sources and GCs is D_{max}=0.181, and the probability P=0.068 which means we can reject the hypothesis that the two distributions are the same at the 90.0% confidence level. In the end, we study the correlation between X-ray luminosity (0.3-10 keV) and the optical luminosity (in V band) of the GC X-ray sources in M31, and find that there exits a weak relationship with the linear correlation coefficient r = 0.36 at the confidence level of 98.0%.

astro-ph↗

Metallicity Estimates for Old Star Clusters in M33

Using the theoretical stellar population synthesis models of BC96, Kong et al. (2003) showed that some BATC colors and color indices could be used to disentangle the age and metallicity effect. They found that there is a very good relation between the flux ratio of L_{8510}/L_{9170} and the metallicity for stellar populations older than 1 Gyr. In this paper, based on the Kong et al. results and on the multicolor spectrophotometry of Ma et al. (2001, 2002a,b,c), we estimate the metallicities of 31 old star clusters in the nearby spiral galaxy M33, 23 of which are ``true'' globular clusters. The results show that most of these old clusters are metal poor. We also find that the ages and metal abundance for these old star clusters of M33 do not vary with deprojected radial position.

astro-ph↗

Color and Metallicity Distributions of M81 Globular Clusters

In this paper we present catalogs of photometric and spectroscopic data for M81 globular clusters (GCs). The catalogs include B- and V- photometric and reddening data of 95 GCs, and spectroscopic metallicities of 40 GCs in M81. Using these data, we make some statistical correlations. The results show that the distributions of intrinsic B and V colors and metallicities are bimodal, with metallicity peaks at [Fe/H]=-1.45 and -0.53, respectively as has been demonstrated for our Milky Way and M31. The relation between spectroscopic metallicity and intrinsic B and V color also exists as it does for the Milky Way and M31.

astro-ph↗

Optical Monitoring of BL Lac Object S5 0716+714 with High Temporal Resolution

Optical monitoring of S5 0716+714 was performed with a 60/90 Schmidt telescope in 2003 November and December and 2004 January for studying the variability of the object on short timescales. Due to the high brightness of the source we could carry out quasi-simultaneous measurements in three bands with a temporal resolution of about 20 minutes by using one single telescope. Intraday and intranight variations were observed with an overall change of ~0.9 mag during the whole campaign. Two outbursts were recorded on JD 2453005 and JD 2453009. Minimum timescales of a few hours were derived from the light curves of individual nights but were different from night to night. A bluer-when-brighter chromatism was present when the object was in fast flare, but was absent when it was in a relatively quiescent state. Our results are basically consistent with the shock-in-jet model and demonstrate that the geometrical effects can sometimes play an important role in the variability of blazars.

astro-ph↗

Chandra X-ray Analysis of Galaxy Cluster A168

We present Chandra X-ray observations of galaxy cluster A168 (z=0.045). Two X-ray peaks with a projected distance of 676 kpc are found to be located close to two dominant galaxies, respectively. Both peaks are significantly offset from the peak of the number density distribution of galaxies. This suggests that A168 consists of two subclusters, a northern subcluster (A168N) and a southern subcluster (A168S). Further X-ray imaging analysis reveals that (1) the X-ray isophotes surrounding the two X-ray peaks are heavily distorted, (2) an elongated and ontinuous filament connects the two X-ray peaks. These suggest that strong interactions have occurred between the two subclusters. Spectral analysis shows that A168 has a mean temperature of 2.53 +/- 0.09 keV and a mean metallicity of 0.31 +/- 0.04 Z_{solar}. The metallicity is roughly a constant across the cluster but the temperature shows some systematic variations. Most X-ray, optical and radio properties of A168 are consistent with it being an off-axis merger several Gyrs after a core passage, although detailed numerical simulations are required to see whether the observed properties, in particular the significant offset between the optical and X-ray centers, can be reproduced in such a scenario.

astro-ph↗

Multicolor Photometric Observations of Optical Candidates to Faint ROSAT X-ray Sources in a 1 deg$^2$ field of the BATC Survey

We present optical candidates for 75 X-ray sources in a $\sim 1$ deg$^2$ overlapping region with the medium deep ROSAT survey. These candidates are selected using the multi-color CCD imaging observations made for the T329 field of the Beijing-Arizona-Taipei-Connecticut (BATC) Sky Survey. These X-ray sources are relatively faint (CR $<< 0.2 s^{-1}$) and thus mostly are not included in the RBS catalog, they also remain as X-ray sources without optical candidates in a previous identification program carried out by the Hamburg Quasar Survey. Within their position-error circles, almost all the X-ray sources are observed to have one or more spatially associated optical candidates within them down to the magnitude $m_V \sim 23.1$. We have classified 149 of 156 detected optical candidates with 73 of the 75 X-ray sources with a SED-based Object Classification Approach (SOCA). These optical candidates include: 31 QSOs, 39 stars, 37 starburst galaxies, 42 galaxies, and 7 "just" visible objects. We have also cross-correlated the positions of these optical objects with NED, the FIRST radio source catalog and the 2MASS catalog. Separately, we have also SED-classified the remaining 6011 objects in our field of view. Optical objects are found at the $6.5σ$ level above what one would expect from a random distribution, only QSOs are over-represented in these error circles at greater than 4$σ$ frequency. We estimate redshifts for all extragalactic objects, and find a good correspondence of our predicted redshift with the measured redshift (a mean error of 0.04 in $Δz$. There appears to be a supercluster at z $\sim$ 0.3-0.35 in this direction, including many of the galaxies in the X-ray error circles are found in this redshift range.

astro-ph↗

Large-Field Multicolor Study of Abell 168 : Subclusters, Dynamics and Luminosity Functions

This paper presents a multicolor study of the nearby cluster of galaxies Abell 168 (z=0.045) with 13 intermediate-band filters in the Beijing-Arizona-Taiwan-Connecticut (BATC) filter system. After a cross-identification between the photometric data obtained from the BATC and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), a catalog containing 1553 galaxies down to r'<20.0 mag is achieved, which includes 121 spectroscopically confirmed member galaxies. The technique of photometric redshift has been applied to all these galaxies with combined 18-band (13 from BATC and 5 from SDSS) spectral energy distributions (SEDs), in order to perform a faint membership selection in Abell 168. As a result, 255 galaxies are newly selected as the member candidates. Based on the enlarged sample of cluster galaxies, the spatial distribution and dynamics of Abell 168 are investigated. In the light of the spatial distribution of the member galaxies and the 0.2-3.5 keV X-ray image by Einstein observatory, it seems that Abell 168 consists of two merging subclusters with a relative radial velocity of 264 +/- 142 km/s. With the help of ROSTAT software, a detailed investigation of the dynamics shows the intrinsic difference in the velocity distributions for these two subclusters. Under a linear two-body model, they are found to be a gravitationally bound system with 92% probability. The slight deviation of the local velocity distribution from the overall distribution in the central region may suggest a picture of head-on collision in the projection plane. By using a double Schechter function, the close examination of the luminosity functions reveals the different galaxy content of these two subclusters, which implies the merging process is possibly at the early stage.

astro-ph↗

Galactic structure studies with BATC star counts

We report the first results of star counts carried out with the National Astronomical Observatories (NAOC) 60/90 cm Schmidt Telescope in 15 intermediate-band filters from 3000 to 10000 Å in the BATC survey. We analyze a sample of over 1400 main sequence stars ($14\le$V$\le21$), which lie in the field with central coordinates R.A.=$09^h53^m13^s.30$ and DEC=47$^\circ49^{\prime}00^{\prime\prime}.0$ (J2000). The field of view is 0.95 deg$^{2}$, and the spatial scale was $1\arcsec.67$. In our model, the distribution of stars perpendicular to the plane of the Galaxy is given by two exponential disks (thin disk plus thick disk) and a de Vaucouleurs halo. Based on star counts, we derive the scale heights of the thin disk to be $320^{+14}_{-15}$ pc and of the thick disk to be $640^{+30}_{-32}$ pc, respectively, with a local density of $7.0\pm1%$ of the thin disk. We find that the observed counts support an axial ratio of $c/a\le0.6$ for a de Vaucouleurs $r^{1/4}$ law, implying a more flattened halo. We also derive the stellar luminosity function (SLF) for the thin disk, and it partly agrees with the Hipparcos luminosity function.

astro-ph↗

Spectral Energy and Age Distributions for 51 Globular Cluster Candidates

This paper is the fourth in a series presenting spectrophotometry of 51 globular cluster candidates, that were detected by Mochejska et al. in the nearby galaxy M33 using the data collected by the DIRECT project. The frames of M33 in this study were taken as part of the BATC Multicolor Sky Survey. We obtained the spectral energy distributions of these candidates in 13 intermediate-band filters. By comparing the integrated photometric measurements with theoretical stellar population synthesis models of Bruzual & Charlot, we estimated their ages. The BC96 models provide the evolution in time of the spectrophotometric properties of simple stellar populations for a wide range of stellar metallicity. Our results show that half of the candidates are younger than 10^8 years, whose age degeneracy is not pronounced. We also find that globular clusters formed continuously in M33 from ~4*10^6 -- 10^{10} years. Our results are in agreement with Chandar et al., who estimated ages for 35 globular clusters candidates in common by comparing the photometric measurements to integrated colors from theoretical models by Bertelli et al. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test shows that the maximum value of the absolute difference of estimated ages between Chandar et al. and us is 0.48, and the significance level probability is 100.00 per cent.

astro-ph↗

Spectral Energy Distributions and Age Estimates of 172 Globular Clusters in M31

In this paper we present CCD multicolor photometry for 172 globular clusters (GCs), taken from the Bologna catalog (Battistini et al. 1987), in the nearby spiral galaxy M31. The observations were carried out by using the National Astronomical Observatories 60/90 cm Schmidt Telescope in 13 intermediate-band filters, which covered a range of wavelength from 3800 to 10000A. This provides a multicolor map of M31 in pixels of 1.7"*1.7". By aperture photometry, we obtain the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for these GCs. Using the relationship between the BATC intermediate-band system used for the observations and the UBVRI broad-band system, the magnitudes in the B and V bands are derived. The computed V and B-V are in agreement with the values given by Battistini et al. (1987) and Barmby et al. (2000). Finally, by comparing the photometry of each GC with theoretical stellar population synthesis models, we estimate ages of the sample GCs for different metallicities. The results show that nearly all our sample GCs have ages more than 10^{9} years, and most of them are around 10^{10} years old. Also, we find that GCs fitted by the metal-poor model are generally older than ones fitted by the metal-rich model.

astro-ph↗

15 colour photometry of Landolt SA95 standard star field

In this paper, we present a set of photometric observations in 15 colors of stars in the Landolt covered by the system range from 300 nm to 1000 nm. Visual magnitudes of the stars being studied in the field are from 10th to 20th mag. The observational methodology and the data reduction procedures are described. The relationships between the BATC intermediate-band system and the Landolt UBVRI broad band system are obtained. A catalogue of the photometry has been produced which contains the SEDs of 3613 stars. The electronic form of this catalogue can be accessed at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr.

astro-ph↗

Photometric Redshift Determination with the BATC Multicolor System

In this paper, we present the methodology of photometric redshift determination with the BATC 15-color system by using hyperz program. Both simulated galaxies and real galaxies with known redshifts were used to estimate the accuracy of redshifts inferred from the multicolor photometry. From the test with simulated galaxies, the uncertainty in the inferred redshifts is about $0.02\sim0.03$ for a given range of photometric uncertainty of $0.05 \sim 0.10$. The results with the 27 real galaxies are in good agreement with the simulated ones. The advantage of using BATC intermediate-band system to derive redshift is clear through the comparison with the UBVRI broad-band system. The accuracy in redshift determination with BATC system is mainly affected by the selection of filters and the photometric uncertainties in the observation. When we take the limiting magnitudes of the 15 filters into account, we find that redshift can be determined with good accuracy for galaxies with redshifts less than 0.5, using only filters with central wavelengths shorter than 6000 A.

astro-ph↗

Multicolor photometry of 145 of the HII regions in M33

This paper is the first in a series presenting CCD multicolor photometry for 145 HII regions, selected from 369 candidate regions from Boulesteix et al. (1974), in the nearby spiral galaxy M33. The observations, which covered the whole area of M33, were carried out by the Beijing Astronomical Observatory 60/90 cm Schmidt Telescope, in 13 intermediate-band filters, covering a range of wavelength from 3800 to 10000 A. This provides a series of maps which can be converted to a multicolor map of M33, in pixels of 1.7''*1.7''. Using aperture photometry we obtain the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for these HII regions. We also give their identification charts. Using the relationship between the BATC intermediate-band system used for the observations and the UBVRI broad-band system, the magnitudes in the B and V bands are then derived. Histograms of the magnitudes in V and in B-V are plotted, and the color-magnitude diagram is also given. The distribution of magnitudes in the V band shows that the apparent magnitude of almost all the regions is brighter than 18, corresponding to an absolute magnitude of -6.62 for an assumed distance modulus of 24.62, which corresponds to a single main sequence O5 star, while the distribution of color shows that the sample is blue, with a mode close to -0.05 as would be expected from a range of typical young clusters.

astro-ph↗