Heisenberg Uniqueness Pairs and the wave equation
Given a curve $Γ$ and a set $Λ$ in the plane, the concept of the Heisenberg uniqueness pair $(Γ, Λ)$ was first introduced by Hedenmalm and Motes-Rodr\'ıgez (Ann. of Math. 173(2),1507-1527, 2011, \cite{HM}) as a variant of the uncertainty principle for the Fourier transform. The main results of Hedenmalm and Motes-Rodr\'ıgez concern the hyperbola $Γ_ε=\{(x_1, x_2)\in \mathbb{R}^2,\, x_1x_2=ε\}$ ($0\neε\in \mathbb{R}$) and lattice-crosses $Λ_{αβ}=(α\mathbb{Z}\times \{0\})\cup(\{0\}\times β\mathbb{Z})$ ($α, β>0$), where it's proved that $(Γ_ε, Λ_{αβ})$ is a Heisenberg uniqueness pair if and only if $αβ\leq 1/|ε|$. In this paper, we aim to study the endpoint case (i.e., $ε=0$ in $Γ_ε$) and investigate the following problem: what's the minimal amount of information required on $Λ$ (the zero set) to form a Heisenberg uniqueness pair? When $Λ$ is contained in the union of two curves in the plane, we give characterizations in terms of some dynamical system conditions. The situation is quite different in higher dimensions and we obtain characterizations in the case that $Λ$ is the union of two hyperplanes.