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Jiri Hosek

Publications and source records attributed to Jiri Hosek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Model of Flavors

The BCS-motivated idea of Weinberg and Salam on dynamical EW symmetry breaking is revived: The Higgs sector of the EW gauge model of three fermion flavors (families) is replaced with the chiral gauge $SU(3)_f$ quantum flavor dynamics (QFD) strongly coupled at a huge scale $Λ$. I. With all chiral fermions in flavor triplets the anomaly freedom demands the welcome BSM extension of the SM fermion sector by one EW-sterile neutrino $ν_R$ per flavor. II. The QFD distinguishes flavors by generating at strong coupling the chirality-prohibited (i.e. calculable) fermion masses: Three different Majorana masses $M_f \sim Λ$ of $ν_R$, and three different, arguably small Dirac masses $m_f$ of SM fermions degenerate for all species in each flavor. 1. Complete spontaneous breakdown of $SU(3)_f \times U(1)$ by $M_f$ implies: (i) All flavor gluons acquire self-consistently masses $\sim M_f$. (ii) There is the $ν_R$-composite pseudo-NG Majoron. (iii) There are three very heavy $0^{+}$ $ν_R$-composite Higgs bosons. 2. Spontaneous breakdown of the EW $SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ symmetry to $U(1)_{em}$ by $m_f$, in sharp contrast with the Higgs mechanism, implies: (i) The $W$ and $Z$ bosons acquire masses $\sim g(\sum m^2_f)^{1/2}$ and $\sim (g^2+g^{'2})^{1/2}(\sum m^2_f)^{1/2}$ respectively, defining the effective Fermi scale $v=246 \rm GeV$. (ii) There are three SM-fermion-composite $0^{+}$ Higgs bosons $h_f$ at this scale. III. The UV-finite EW dynamical perturbation theory of Pagels and Stokar splits the flavor-degenerate masses of SM-fermions by their electric charges and the ratios $m_f/m_{W,Z}$. Six Majorana neutrino masses are calculable by seasaw.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2024

Effects of Small-Scale User Mobility on Highly Directional XR Communications

The development of next-generation communication systems promises to enable extended reality (XR) applications, such as XR gaming with ultra-realistic content and human-grade sensory feedback. These demanding applications impose stringent performance requirements on the underlying wireless communication infrastructure. To meet the expected Quality of Experience (QoE) for XR applications, high-capacity connections are necessary, which can be achieved by using millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands and employing highly directional beams. However, these narrow beams are susceptible to even minor misalignments caused by small-scale user mobility, such as changes in the orientation of the XR head-mounted device (HMD) or minor shifts in user body position. This article explores the impact of small-scale user mobility on mmWave connectivity for XR and reviews approaches to resolve the challenges arising due to small-scale mobility. To deepen our understanding of small-scale mobility during XR usage, we prepared a dataset of user mobility during XR gaming. We use this dataset to study the effects of user mobility on highly directional communication, identifying specific aspects of user mobility that significantly affect the performance of narrow-beam wireless communication systems. Our results confirm the substantial influence of small-scale mobility on beam misalignment, highlighting the need for enhanced mechanisms to effectively manage the consequences of small-scale mobility.

cs.NI↗
arXiv2022

AI-Aided Integrated Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial 6G Solutions for Sustainable Maritime Networking

The maritime industry is experiencing a technological revolution that affects shipbuilding, operation of both seagoing and inland vessels, cargo management, and working practices in harbors. This ongoing transformation is driven by the ambition to make the ecosystem more sustainable and cost-efficient. Digitalization and automation help achieve these goals by transforming shipping and cruising into a much more cost- and energy-efficient, and decarbonized industry segment. The key enablers in these processes are always-available connectivity and content delivery services, which can not only aid shipping companies in improving their operational efficiency and reducing carbon emissions but also contribute to enhanced crew welfare and passenger experience. Due to recent advancements in integrating high-capacity and ultra-reliable terrestrial and non-terrestrial networking technologies, ubiquitous maritime connectivity is becoming a reality. To cope with the increased complexity of managing these integrated systems, this article advocates the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning-based approaches to meet the service requirements and energy efficiency targets in various maritime communications scenarios.

cs.NI↗
arXiv2021

London model of dual color superconductor

Following closely the logic of the London phenomenological macroscopic theory of the Meissner effect in superconductors we describe the origin of the short-range behavior of the chromo-electric field, the necessary ingredient for color confinement in QCD. The genuinely non-Abelian model is specified by the strong-coupling colored-gluon current. Its first term, as the superconductivity current, is proportional to the gauge potential. The new term is simply related to the chromo-magnetic pseudo-vector current of the non-Abelian Bianchi identity. We suggest that this London dual color superconductivity current is responsible for the observed almost perfect fluidity in droplets of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma. Its chromo-magnetic component should have a specific experimental manifestation.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2019

On explaining the observed pattern of quark and lepton masses

Higgs sector of the Standard model (SM) is replaced by the gauge $SU(3)_f$ quantum flavor dynamics (QFD) with one parameter, the scale $Λ$. Anomaly freedom of QFD demands extension of the fermion sector of SM by three sterile right-handed neutrino fields. Poles of fermion propagators with chirality-changing self-energies $Σ(p^2)$ spontaneously generated by QFD at strong coupling define: (1) Three sterile-neutrino Majorana masses $M_{fR}$ of order $Λ$. (2) Three Dirac masses $m_f$, degenerate for $e_f, ν_f, u_f, d_f$ in family $f$, exponentially small with respect to $Λ$. Goldstone theorem implies: All eight flavor gluons acquire masses of order $M_{fR}$. $W$ and $Z$ bosons acquire masses of order $\sum m_f$, the effective Fermi scale. Composite 'would-be' Nambu-Goldstone bosons have their 'genuine' partners, the composite Higgs particles: The SM-like Higgs $h$ and two new Higgses $h_3$ and $h_8$, all with masses at Fermi scale; three Higgses $χ_i$ with masses at scale $Λ$. Large pole-mass splitting of charged leptons and quarks in $f$ is arguably due to full QED $Σ(p^2)$-dependent fermion-photon vertices enforced by Ward-Takahashi identities. The argument relies on illustrative computation of pole-mass splitting found non-analytic in fermion electric charges. Neutrinos are the Majorana particles with seesaw mass spectrum computed solely by QFD. Available data fix $Λ$ to, say, $Λ\sim 10^{14} \rm GeV$.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2017

On the Origin of Lepton and Quark Masses

Gauging the flavor (family, generation, horizontal) index of the chiral fermion fields of the Standard model, for anomaly freedom extended by three sterile right-handed neutrino fields, results in asymptotically free, {\it bona fide} nonconfining $SU(3)_f$ quantum flavor dynamics. Approximate nonperturbative strong-coupling solutions of the corresponding Schwinger-Dyson (SD) equation for fermion self-energies give rise to the complete flavor symmetry breaking by : (1) Three huge Majorana masses of sterile right-handed neutrinos. (2) Three exponentially light Dirac masses common to all fermion sorts in a family. Masses of charged leptons and quarks are further distinguished from Dirac neutrino masses by the weak hypercharge contributions to the universal $SU(3)_f$ kernel of the SD equation, free of unknown parameters. The $SU(3)_f$ dynamics itself thus gives the neutrino mass spectrum in the seesaw form.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2017

Dynamical Origin of Seesaw

In anomaly free gauged three-flavor SU(3)_f x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y model of Yanagida with fermion and gauge boson masses described by conveniently chosen elementary scalar Higgs fields the neutrino mass matrix comes out in the seesaw form. Following Yanagida's suggestion we demonstrate that no Higgs fields are needed. Strong flavor gluon interactions themselves, treated in a separable approximation, result in universally split lepton and quark masses calculated in terms of a few parameters. While the realistic splitting of charged lepton and quark masses requires the electroweak and QCD radiative corrections the neutrino seesaw mass matrix comes out exact.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2016

A model that underlies the Standard model

We assign the chiral fermion fields of the Standard model to triplets of flavor (family, generation, horizontal) $SU(3)_f$ symmetry, for anomaly freedom add one triplet of sterile right-handed neutrino fields, and gauge that symmetry. First we demonstrate that the resulting quantum flavor $SU(3)_f$ dynamics completely spontaneously self-breaks: Both the Majorana masses of sterile neutrinos and the masses of all eight flavor gluons come out proportional to the $SU(3)_f$ scale $Λ$. Mixing of sterile neutrinos yields new CP-violating phases needed for understanding the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. Second, the $SU(3)_f$ dynamics with weak hypercharge radiative corrections spontaneously generates the lepton and quark masses exponentially suppressed with respect to $Λ$. Three active neutrinos come out as Majorana particles extremely light by seesaw. The Goldstone theorem implies: (i) The electroweak bosons $W$ and $Z$ acquire masses. (ii) There are three axions, decent candidates for dark matter. Invisibility of the Weinberg-Wilczek axion $a$ with mass $m_a \sim \rm m^2_π/Λ$ restricts the scale $Λ$ from $Λ\sim \rm 10^{10} GeV$ upwards. Third, the composite 'would-be' Nambu-Goldstone (NG) bosons of all spontaneously broken gauge symmetries have their {\it genuine composite} massive partners: (i) One $0^{+}$ flavorless Higgs-like particle $h$ accompanying three electroweak 'would-be' NG bosons. (ii) Two $0^{+}$ flavored Higgs-like particles $h_3$ and $h_8$ accompanying six flavored electroweak 'would-be' NG bosons. (iii) Three superheavy spin-zero sterile-neutrino-composites $χ_i$ accompanying eight flavored sterile-neutrino-composite 'would-be' NG bosons. We identify $χ_i$ with inflatons.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2011

Masses by gauge flavor dynamics

We gauge the experimentally observed flavor (family) index of chiral lepton and quark fields and argue that the resulting non-vectorial SU(3)_F dynamics completely self-breaks. This breakdown generates fermion masses, which in turn trigger electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB). Suggested asymptotically free dynamics with an assumed non-perturbative infrared fixed point has just one free parameter and is therefore either right or plainly wrong. Weak point of field theories strongly coupled in the infrared, unfortunately, is that there is no reliable way of computing their spectrum. Because of its rigidity the model provides, however, rather firm theoretically safe experimental predictions without knowing the spectrum: First, anomaly freedom fixes the neutrino sector which contains almost sterile neutrino states. Second, global symmetries of the model, spontaneously broken by fermion masses imply the existence of a fixed pattern of (pseudo-)axions and (pseudo-)majorons. It is gratifying that the predicted both sterile neutrinos and the pseudo-Nambu--Goldstone bosons are the viable candidates for dark matter.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2010

Soft mass generation

We replace the Higgs sector of the Standard electroweak gauge model of three fermion families by a horizontal non-vector-like gauge SU(3) quantum flavor dynamics with one parameter. With plausible physical assumptions we suggest that the new dynamics generates spontaneously the masses of its eight flavor gluons, of leptons and quarks, and of the intermediate W and Z bosons. Absence of axial anomalies requires neutrino right-handed electroweak singlets and the dynamics then suggests the existence of massive Majorana neutrinos.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2007

Dynamical breakdown of Abelian gauge chiral symmetry by strong Yukawa interactions

We consider a model with anomaly-free Abelian gauge axial-vector symmetry, which is intended to mimic the standard electroweak gauge chiral SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y theory. Within this model we demonstrate: (1) Strong Yukawa interactions between massless fermion fields and a massive scalar field carrying the axial charge generate dynamically the fermion and boson proper self-energies, which are ultraviolet-finite and chirally noninvariant. (2) Solutions of the underlying Schwinger-Dyson equations found numerically exhibit a huge amplification of the fermion mass ratios as a response to mild changes of the ratios of the Yukawa couplings. (3) The `would-be' Nambu-Goldstone boson is a composite of both the fermion and scalar fields, and it gives rise to the mass of the axial-vector gauge boson. (4) Spontaneous breakdown of the gauge symmetry further manifests by mass splitting of the complex scalar and by new symmetry-breaking vertices, generated at one loop. In particular, we work out in detail the cubic vertex of the Abelian gauge boson.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2005

Dynamical fermion mass generation by a strong Yukawa interaction

We consider a model with global Abelian chiral symmetry of two massless fermion fields interacting with a complex massive scalar field. We argue that the Schwinger-Dyson equations for the fermion and boson propagators admit ultraviolet-finite chiral-symmetry-breaking solutions provided the Yukawa couplings are large enough. The fermions acquire masses and the elementary excitations of the complex scalar field are the two real spin-zero particles with different masses. As a necessary consequence of the dynamical chiral symmetry breakdown both in the fermion and scalar sectors, one massless pseudoscalar Nambu--Goldstone boson appears in the spectrum as a collective excitation of both the fermion and the boson fields. Its effective couplings to the fermion and boson fields are calculable.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2004

A model of flavors

We argue in favor of dynamical mass generation in an SU(2)xU(1) electroweak model with two complex scalar doublets with ordinary masses. The masses of leptons and quarks are generated by ultraviolet-finite non-perturbative solutions of the Schwinger-Dyson equations for full fermion propagators with self-consistently modified scalar boson exchanges. The W and Z boson masses are expressed in terms of spontaneously generated fermion proper self-energies in the form of sum rules. The model predicts two charged and four real neutral heavy scalars.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2002

Anisotropic QCD superfluids

We discuss two instances of anisotropic ordered quantum phases within QCD at finite baryon densities: (1) Fermionic deconfined three-color QCD matter with a spin one quark-quark Cooper pair condensate can exhibit distinct quantum i.e. low-temperature ($T$) behaviors on macroscopic scales which bona fide can be observed in neutron stars. (2) Bosonic confined two-color QCD matter with a Bose-Einstein condensate of spin-one baryons can exhibit distinct quantum i.e. low-$T$ behaviors on macroscopic scales which can bona fide be observed in numerical lattice experiments.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2000

Anisotropic color superconductor

We argue that the QCD matter not far above a critical confinement-deconfinement baryon density and low temperatures can develop spontaneously the condensates of spin-one quark Cooper pairs. Depending upon their color these condensates characterize two distinct anisotropic color-superconducting phases. For them we derive the generic form of the quasiquark dispersion laws and the gap equation. We also visualize the soft Nambu-Goldstone modes of spontaneously broken global symmetries, and demonstrate an unusual form of the Meissner effect.}]

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

Color Superfluidity and Chiral Symmetry Breakdown in Dense QCD Matter

We describe the interplay of two nonperturbative phenomena which should take place in the chirally invariant deconfined phase of QCD matter at finite density and T=0: (i) Cooper-pair quark-quark ground-state condensation in appropriate channels should yield exotic sorts of color superfluidity, and (ii) quark-antiquark ground-state condensation should yield spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry. We briefly review the main recent achievements in the subject, and present the field-theory formalism which enables to deal with both above mentioned types of condensates simultaneously.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

Macroscopic quantum phases of a deconfined QCD matter at finite density

Formalism for a unified description of distinct superfluid phases of a deconfined QCD matter at finite density together with the phase of spontaneously broken chiral symmetry is presented. Dispersion laws of the quasiquark excitations in both diamagnetic and ferromagnetic phases with spontaneously broken chiral symmetry are exhibited explicitly.

hep-ph↗