Faster alone vs. further together: The speed and impact of researchers' responses to societal crises
Throughout the 21st century, society encountered numerous crises that demanded quick and widespread action. In the present work, we documented researchers' responses to 25 of these crises, analyzing 1,537,284 published responses from 3,262,152 researchers spanning 225 countries and territories. An analysis of publication speed and citation patterns yielded support for a proverbial claim: "to go fast, go alone; to go far, go together". Solo authors were quicker to publish responses to societal crises -- but their responses received less attention in scholarly, news, and policy venues. Growth towards large-scale collaboration was associated with increased impact; However, this team size advantage was characterized by diminishing returns and significantly varied across sampled crises. Furthermore, pluralistic machine learning modeling highlights the importance of considering additional context, such as government effectiveness and the expertise of team leaders. Taken together, results facilitate evidence-based conversations regarding how researchers optimize speed and impact in the midst of societal crises.