arXiv subjects

Joerg Baumgartl

Publications and source records attributed to Joerg Baumgartl.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2010

Sub-diffraction Focussing using Quadratic Measure Eigenmodes

For over a century diffraction theory has been thought to limit the resolution of focusing and imaging in the optical domain. The size of the smallest spot achievable is inversely proportional to the range of spatial wavevectors available. Here, we show that it is possible to locally beat the diffraction limit at the expense of efficiency. The method is based on the linearity of Maxwell's equations and that the interaction between light and its surroundings may be considered quadratic in nature with respect to the electromagnetic fields. We represent the intensity and spot size as a quadratic measure with associated eigenmodes. Using a dynamic diffractive optical element, we demonstrate optical focussing to an area 4 times smaller than the diffraction limit. The generic method may be applied to numerous physical phenomena relating to linear and measurable properties of the electromagnetic field that can be expressed in a quadratic form.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2008

Phonon dispersion curves of two-dimensional colloidal crystals: on the wavelength dependence of friction

Digital video-microscopy measurements are reported of both elastic bandstructures and overdamped phonon decay times in two-dimensional colloidal crystals. Both quantities together allow to determine the friction coefficients along various high symmetry directions in q-space. These coefficients contain valuable information on the hydrodynamic forces acting between the colloidal particles. We find Stokes-like friction for phonons near the edge of the first Brillouin zone and vanishing friction coefficients for long wavelength phonons. The effect of this wavelength dependence in real-space is further investigated by simulating a crystal with constant friction (Langevin simulation) and comparing experimentally measured and simulated particle auto-correlation functions.

cond-mat.other↗

arXiv2007

Tailoring of phononic band structures in colloidal crystals

We report an experimental study of the elastic properties of a two-dimensional (2D) colloidal crystal subjected to light-induced substrate potentials. In agreement with recent theoretical predictions [H.H. von Gruenberg and J. Baumgartl, Phys. Rev. E 75, 051406 (2007)] the phonon band structure of such systems can be tuned depending on the symmetry and depth of the substrate potential. Calculations with binary crystals suggest that phononic band engineering can be also performed by variations of the pair potential and thus opens novel perspectives for the fabrication of phononic crystals with band gaps tunable by external fields.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2006

Like-charge attraction in confinement: myth or truth ?

It is general wisdom that likely charged colloidal particles repel each other when suspended in liquids. This is in perfect agreement with mean field theories being developed more than 60 years ago. Accordingly, it was a big surprise when several groups independently reported long-ranged attractive components in the pair potential U(r) of equally charged colloids. This so-called like-charge attraction (LCA) was only observed in thin sample cells while the pair-interaction in unconfined suspensions has been experimentally confirmed to be entirely repulsive. Despite considerable experimental and theoretical efforts, LCA remains one of the most challenging mysteries in colloidal science. We experimentally reinvestigate the pair-potential U(r) of charged colloidal particles with digital video microscopy and demonstrate that optical distortions in the particles images lead to slightly erroneous particle positions. If not properly taken into account, this artefact pretends a minimum in U(r) which was in the past misleadingly interpreted as LCA. After correcting optical distortions we obtain entirely repulsive pair interactions which show good agreement with linearized mean field theories.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2005

New Light on Like-Charge Attraction

We report on pair interaction measurements in charged colloidal systems in confined and unconfined geometries by means of optical microscopy. At very small particle distances we observe minute distortions in the optical images which can lead to artifacts in the pair potentials as derived by digital video microscopy. In particular, these distortions can pretend long-range attractions observed in charged colloidal suspensions.

cond-mat.str-el↗