arXiv subjects

John Doyle

Publications and source records attributed to John Doyle.

14 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

NeuroAI and Beyond: Bridging Between Advances in Neuroscience and ArtificialIntelligence

Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have made impressive progress in recent years but remain only loosely interconnected. Based on a workshop convened by the National Science Foundation in August 2025, we identify three fundamental capability gaps in current AI: the inability to interact with the physical world, inadequate learning that produces brittle systems, and unsustainable energy and data inefficiency. We describe the neuroscience principles that address each: co-design of body and controller, prediction through interaction, multi-scale learning with neuromodulatory control, hierarchical distributed architectures, and sparse event-driven computation. We present a research roadmap organized around these principles at near, mid, and long-term horizons. We argue that realizing this program requires a new generation of researchers trained across the boundary between neuroscience and engineering, and describe the institutional conditions: interdisciplinary training, hardware access, community standards, and ethics, needed to support them. We conclude that NeuroAI, neuroscience-informed artificial intelligence, has the potential to overcome limitations of current AI while deepening our understanding of biological neural computation.

q-bio.NC↗

arXiv2021

Stochastic Equidistribution and Generalized Adelic Measures

We study the dynamics of stochastic families of rational maps on the projective line. As such families can be infinite and may not typically be defined over a single number field, we introduce the concept of generalized adelic measures, generalizing previous notions introduced by Favre and Rivera-Letelier and Mavraki and Ye. Generalized adelic measures are defined over the measure space of places of an algebraic closure of the rationals, using a framework established by Allcock and Vaaler. This turns our heights from sums over places into integrals. We prove an equidistribution result for generalized adelic measures, and use this result to prove an equidistribution result for random backwards orbits in stochastic arithmetic dynamics.

math.NT↗

arXiv2021

Fast and High-Yield Loading of a D$_2$ MOT of Potassium from a Cryogenic Buffer Gas Beam

We demonstrate the direct loading of a D$_2$ MOT of potassium-39 atoms from a cryogenic buffer gas beam source. We load $10^8$ atoms in a 10 ms pulse, with no degradation in performance up to a 10 Hz repetition rate. Observed densities reach $\sim10^{11}$ atoms/cm$^3$ in a single pulse, achieved with no sub-Doppler cooling or transverse compression. This system produces an ideal starting point for ultracold atom experiments where high experimental repetition rates are desirable and initial high densities are critical. Extension to other atomic species (e.g., refractory metals) that present technical challenges to high-yield production using oven-based sources is straightforward.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2020

Robust Model-Free Learning and Control without Prior Knowledge

We present a simple model-free control algorithm that is able to robustly learn and stabilize an unknown discrete-time linear system with full control and state feedback subject to arbitrary bounded disturbance and noise sequences. The controller does not require any prior knowledge of the system dynamics, disturbances, or noise, yet it can guarantee robust stability and provides asymptotic and worst-case bounds on the state and input trajectories. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first model-free algorithm that comes with such robust stability guarantees without the need to make any prior assumptions about the system. We would like to highlight the new convex geometry-based approach taken towards robust stability analysis which served as a key enabler in our results. We will conclude with simulation results that show that despite the generality and simplicity, the controller demonstrates good closed-loop performance.

math.OC↗

arXiv2020

Branching ratios, radiative lifetimes and transition dipole moments for YbOH

Medium resolution ($\Delta \nu$ ~ 3 GHz) laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) excitation spectra of a rotationally cold sample of YbOH in the 17300-17950 cm$^{-1}$ range have been recorded using two-dimensional (excitation and dispersed fluorescence) spectroscopy. High resolution ($\Delta \lambda$ ~ 0.65 nm) dispersed laser induced fluorescence (DLIF) spectra and radiative decay curves of numerous bands detected in the medium resolution LIF excitation spectra were recorded. The vibronic energy levels of the $\tilde{X} \, ^2\Sigma^+$ state were predicted using a discrete variable representation approach and compared with observations. The radiative decay curves were analyzed to produce fluorescence lifetimes. DLIF spectra resulting from high resolution ($\Delta \nu$ < 10 MHz) LIF excitation of individual low-rotational lines in the $\tilde{A} \, ^2\Pi_{1/2}(0,0,0) - \tilde{X} \, ^2\Sigma^+(0,0,0)$, $\tilde{A} \, ^2\Pi_{1/2}(1,0,0) - \tilde{X} \, ^2\Sigma^+(0,0,0)$, $[17.73]\Omega=0.5(0,0,0) - \tilde{X} \, ^2\Sigma^+(0,0,0)$ bands were also recorded. The DLIF spectra were analyzed to determine branching ratios which were combined with radiative lifetimes to obtain transition dipole moments. The implications for laser cooling and trapping of YbOH are discussed.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2018

Quantum Sensing for High Energy Physics

Report of the first workshop to identify approaches and techniques in the domain of quantum sensing that can be utilized by future High Energy Physics applications to further the scientific goals of High Energy Physics.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2017

Radio Frequency Magneto-Optical Trapping of CaF with High Density

We demonstrate significantly improved magneto-optical trapping of molecules using a very slow cryogenic beam source and RF modulated and DC magnetic fields. The RF MOT confines $1.1(3) \times 10^5$ CaF molecules at a density of $4(1) \times 10^6$ cm$^{-3}$, which is an order of magnitude greater than previous molecular MOTs. Near Doppler-limited temperatures of $340(20)$ $μ$K are attained. The achieved density enables future work to directly load optical tweezers and create optical arrays for quantum simulation.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2017

Enantiomer-Specific State Transfer of Chiral Molecules

State-selective enantiomeric excess is realized using microwave-driven coherent population transfer. The method selectively promotes either R or S molecules to a higher rotational state by phase-controlled microwave pulses that drive electric-dipole allowed rotational transitions. We demonstrate the enantiomer-specific state transfer method using enantiopure samples of 1,2-propanediol. This method of state-specific enantiomeric enrichment can be applied to a large class of asymmetric, chiral molecules that can be vaporized and cooled to the point where rotationally resolved spectroscopy is possible, including molecules that rapidly racemize. The rapid chiral switching demonstrated here allows for new approaches in high-precision spectroscopic searches for parity violation in chiral molecules.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2016

An Underappreciated Radiation Hazard from High Voltage Electrodes in Vacuum

The use of high voltage (HV) electrodes in vacuum is commonplace in physics laboratories. In such systems, it has long been known that electron emission from an HV cathode can lead to bremsstrahlung X-rays; indeed, this is the basic principle behind the operation of standard X-ray sources. However, in laboratory setups where X-ray production is not the goal and no electron source is deliberately introduced, field-emitted electrons accelerated by HV can produce X-rays as an unintended hazardous byproduct. Both the level of hazard and the safe operating regimes for HV vacuum electrode systems are not widely appreciated, at least in university laboratories. A reinforced awareness of the radiation hazards associated with vacuum HV setups would be beneficial. We present a case study of a HV vacuum electrode device operated in a university atomic physics laboratory. We describe the characterisation of the observed X-ray radiation, its relation to the observed leakage current in the device, the steps taken to contain and mitigate the radiation hazard, and suggest safety guidelines.

physics.med-ph↗

arXiv2005

Some protein interaction data do not exhibit power law statistics

It has been claimed that protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks are scale-free based on the observation that the node degree sequence follows a power law. Here we argue that these claims are likely to be based on erroneous statistical analysis. Typically, the supporting data are presented using frequency-degree plots. We show that such plots can be misleading, and should correctly be replaced by rank-degree plots. We provide two PPI network examples in which the frequency-degree plots appear linear on a log-log scale, but the rank-degree plots demonstrate that the node degree sequence is far from a power law. We conclude that at least these PPI networks are not scale-free.

q-bio.MN↗

arXiv2004

Scale-rich metabolic networks: background and introduction

Recent progress has clarified many features of the global architecture of biological metabolic networks, which have highly organized and optimized tolerances and tradeoffs (HOT) for functional requirements of flexibility, efficiency, robustness, and evolvability, with constraints on conservation of energy, redox, and many small moieties. One consequence of this architecture is a highly structured modularity that is self-dissimilar and scale-rich, with extremes in low and high variability, including power laws, in both metabolite and reaction degree distributions. This paper illustrates these features using the well-understood stoichiometry of metabolic networks in bacteria, and a simple model of an abstract metabolism.

q-bio.MN↗

arXiv2001

Robust control in the quantum domain

Recent progress in quantum physics has made it possible to perform experiments in which individual quantum systems are monitored and manipulated in real time. The advent of such new technical capabilities provides strong motivation for the development of theoretical and experimental methodologies for quantum feedback control. The availability of such methods would enable radically new approaches to experimental physics in the quantum realm. Likewise, the investigation of quantum feedback control will introduce crucial new considerations to control theory, such as the uniquely quantum phenomena of entanglement and measurement back-action. The extension of established analysis techniques from control theory into the quantum domain may also provide new insight into the dynamics of complex quantum systems. We anticipate that the successful formulation of an input-output approach to the analysis and reduction of large quantum systems could have very general applications in non-equilibrium quantum statistical mechanics and in the nascent field of quantum information theory.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2000

Transition from reflection to sticking in ultracold atom-surface scattering

In paper I (physics/0010068) entitled "The No-sticking Effect in Ultra-cold Collisions", we showed that under very general circumstances, atoms approaching a surface will not stick as its incoming energy approaches zero. This is true of either warm or cold surfaces. Here we explore the transition region from non sticking to sticking as energy is increased. The key to understanding the transition region is the WKB approximation and the nature of its breakdown. Simple rules for understanding the rollover to higher energy, post-threshold behavior, including analytical formulae for some asymptotic forms of the attractive potential are presented. We discuss a practical example of atom-surface pair in various substrate geometries. We also discuss the case of low energy scattering from clusters.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv1998

Highly Optimized Tolerance: Robustness and Power Laws in Complex Systems

We introduce highly optimized tolerance (HOT), a mechanism that connects evolving structure and power laws in interconnected systems. HOT systems arise, e.g., in biology and engineering, where design and evolution create complex systems sharing common features, including (1) high efficiency, performance, and robustness to designed-for uncertainties, (2) hypersensitivity to design flaws and unanticipated perturbations, (3) nongeneric, specialized, structured configurations, and (4) power laws. We introduce HOT states in the context of percolation, and contrast properties of the high density HOT states with random configurations near the critical point. While both cases exhibit power laws, only HOT states display properties (1-3) associated with design and evolution.

cond-mat↗