Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

John Mitchell

Publications and source records attributed to John Mitchell.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Competing Charge/Spin-Stripe and Correlated Metal Phases in Trilayer Nickelates (Pr$_{1-x}$La$_x$)$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$

Low-valent nickelates R$_{n+1}$Ni$_n$O$_{2n+2}$ (R = rare earth) containing Ni$^{1+}$ (d$^{9}$) with a quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) square planar coordination geometry possess structural and electronic properties that are similar to those of high-Tc cuprates, including superconductivity itself in the doped infinite layer ($n = \infty$) RNiO$_2$ system. Within this R$_{n+1}$Ni$_n$O$_{2n+2}$ nickelate family, the crystallographic isomorphs Pr$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$ and La$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$ exhibit singularly different ground states: Pr$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$ is metallic and La$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$ is a charge- and spin-stripe ordered insulator. To explore and understand the ground state evolution from metallic Pr$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$ to stripe-ordered La$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$ in the R$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$ family, we have grown a series of isovalent-substituted single crystals (Pr$_{1-x}$La$_x$)$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$. Combining thermodynamic, transport, magnetic, and synchrotron X-ray single crystal diffraction measurements, we reveal a transition between metallic and stripe-insulator phase regions, with a putative quantum phase transition at x = 0.4. We propose two possible models for (Pr$_{1-x}$La$_x$)$_4$Ni$_3$O$_8$: an electronically inhomogeneous system that could serve as a candidate for exploring quantum Griffiths phase physics and a homogeneous system with a putative quantum critical point at the phase boundary.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Generative Grading: Near Human-level Accuracy for Automated Feedback on Richly Structured Problems

Access to high-quality education at scale is limited by the difficulty of providing student feedback on open-ended assignments in structured domains like computer programming, graphics, and short response questions. This problem has proven to be exceptionally difficult: for humans, it requires large amounts of manual work, and for computers, until recently, achieving anything near human-level accuracy has been unattainable. In this paper, we present generative grading: a novel computational approach for providing feedback at scale that is capable of accurately grading student work and providing nuanced, interpretable feedback. Our approach uses generative descriptions of student cognition, written as probabilistic programs, to synthesise millions of labelled example solutions to a problem; we then learn to infer feedback for real student solutions based on this cognitive model. We apply our methods to three settings. In block-based coding, we achieve a 50% improvement upon the previous best results for feedback, achieving super-human accuracy. In two other widely different domains -- graphical tasks and short text answers -- we achieve major improvement over the previous state of the art by about 4x and 1.5x respectively, approaching human accuracy. In a real classroom, we ran an experiment where we used our system to augment human graders, yielding doubled grading accuracy while halving grading time.

cs.LG↗

An exact formula for percolation on higher-order cycles

We present exact solutions for the size of the giant connected component (GCC) of graphs composed of higher-order homogeneous cycles, including weak cycles and cliques, following bond percolation. We use our theoretical result to find the location of the percolation threshold of the model, providing analytical solutions where possible. We expect the results derived here to be useful to a wide variety of applications including graph theory, epidemiology, percolation and lattice gas models as well as fragmentation theory. We also examine the Erdős-Gallai theorem as a necessary condition on the graphicality of configuration model networks comprising higher-order clique sub-graphs.

physics.soc-ph↗

Cooperative coinfection dynamics on clustered networks

Coinfection is the process by which a host that is infected with a pathogen becomes infected by a second pathogen at a later point in time. An immunosuppressant host response to a primary disease can facilitate spreading of a subsequent emergent pathogen among the population. Social contact patterns within the substrate populace can be modelled using complex networks and it has been shown that contact patterns vastly influence the emergent disease dynamics. In this paper, we consider the effect of contact clustering on the coinfection dynamics of two pathogens spreading over a network. We use the generating function formulation to describe the expected outbreak sizes of each pathogen and numerically study the threshold criteria that permit the coexistence of each strain among the network. We find that the effects of clustering on the levels of coinfection are governed by the details of the contact topology.

physics.soc-ph↗

Quantum Sensing for High Energy Physics

Report of the first workshop to identify approaches and techniques in the domain of quantum sensing that can be utilized by future High Energy Physics applications to further the scientific goals of High Energy Physics.

hep-ex↗

A Vigorous Explorer Program

Explorers have made breakthroughs in many fields of astrophysics. The science from both these missions contributed to three Nobel Prizes - Giacconi (2002), Mather, and Smoot (2006). Explorers have: marked the definitive beginning of precision cosmology, discovered that short gamma-ray bursts are caused by compact star mergers and have measured metalicity to redshifts z>6. NASA Explorers do cutting-edge science that cannot be done by facility-class instruments. The Explorer program provides a rapid response to changing science and technology, to enable cutting-edge science at moderate cost. Explorers also enable innovation, and engage & train scientists, managers and engineers, adding human capital to NASA and the nation. The astrophysics Explorer launch rate now being achieved is 1 per 3 years, and budget projections are in the $150M/year range for the next five years. A newly Vigorous Explorer Program should be created to: 1. Reach the long-stated goal of annual astrophysics launches; 2. Find additional launch options for Explorers and actively encourage cost savings in launchers and spacecraft, such as new commercial vehicles and innovative partnerships. 3. Mitigate risk via stronger technical development and sub-orbital programs, and through longer, more thorough, Phase A programs, potentially reducing the need for a 30% contingency; 4. Strive to protect the funding for missions that have reached Phase B, to prevent significant launch slips and cancellations, with a goal of 4 to 5 years from Phase B to launch; 5. Review the project management procedures and requirements to seek cost reductions, including the risk management strategy and the review and reporting process; 6. Review and possibly modify the cost caps for all Explorer classes to optimize scientific returns per dollar. [ABRIDGED]

astro-ph.IM↗

Intrinsic chemical and structural inhomogeneity in lightly doped La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO(3)

X-ray absorption fine structure measurements of the Sr and La K edges of the solid solution La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO(3) reveal a consistent deviation from a random distribution of Sr at the La/Sr sites for x~0.3. Local structural disorder on the cation sublattice in the low-x samples is also observed to differ in the vicinity of the La-rich and Sr-rich clusters. The local clustering and structural disorder establish an intrinsic chemical as well as structural inhomogeneity on the nanometer scale, which may provide a mechanism for the nucleation of magnetoelectronic phase separation.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗