Characterizing graph C*-correspondences
Every separable nondegenerate C*-correspondence over a commutative C*-algebra with discrete spectrum is isomorphic to a graph correspondence.
arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to John Quigg.
Every separable nondegenerate C*-correspondence over a commutative C*-algebra with discrete spectrum is isomorphic to a graph correspondence.
We show that if $Å$ is a Fell bundle over a locally compact group $G$, then there is a natural coaction $δ$ of $G$ on the Fell-bundle $C^*$-algebra $C^*(G,Å)$ such that if $\hatδ$ is the dual action of $G$ on the crossed product $C^*(G,Å) \rtimes_δ G$, then the full crossed product $(C^*(G,Å) \rtimes_δG)\rtimes_{\hatδ}G$ is canonically isomorphic to $C^*(G,Å) \otimes\KK(L^2(G))$. Hence the coaction $δ$ is maximal.
k-graphs are higher-rank analogues of directed graphs which were first developed to provide combinatorial models for operator algebras of Cuntz-Krieger type. Here we develop the theory of covering spaces for k-graphs, obtaining a satisfactory version of the usual topological classification in terms of subgroups of a fundamental group. We then use this classification to describe the C*-algebras of covering k-graphs as crossed products by coactions of homogeneous spaces, generalizing recent results on the C*-algebras of graphs.
Consider a projective limit G of finite groups G_n. Fix a compatible family δ^n of coactions of the G_n on a C*-algebra A. From this data we obtain a coaction δof G on A. We show that the coaction crossed product of A by δis isomorphic to a direct limit of the coaction crossed products of A by the δ^n. If A = C*(Λ) for some k-graph Λ, and if the coactions δ^n correspond to skew-products of Λ, then we can say more. We prove that the coaction crossed-product of C*(Λ) by δmay be realised as a full corner of the C*-algebra of a (k+1)-graph. We then explore connections with Yeend's topological higher-rank graphs and their C*-algebras.
Suppose a locally compact group G acts freely and properly on a locally compact Hausdorff space X, and let gamma be the induced action on C_0(X). We consider a category in which the objects are C*-dynamical systems (A, G, alpha) for which there is an equivariant homomorphism of (C_0(X), gamma) into the multiplier algebra M(A). Rieffel has shown that such systems are proper and saturated, and hence have a generalized fixed-point algebra A^alpha which is Morita equivalent to A times_{alpha,r} G. We show that the assignment (A, alpha) maps to A^alpha is functorial, and that Rieffel's Morita equivalence is natural in a suitable sense. We then use our results to prove a categorical version of Landstad duality which characterizes crossed products by coactions, and to prove that Mansfield imprimitivity for crossed products by homogeneous spaces is natural.
We analyze Hecke pairs (G,H) and the associated Hecke algebra when G is a semidirect product N x Q and H = M x R for subgroups M of N and R of Q with M normal in N. Conditions are given in terms of N, Q, M, and R which are equivalent to the Hecke condition on (G,H), and the Schlichting completion of (G,H) is identified in terms of completions of N, Q, M, and R. Our main result shows that (assuming (G,H) coincides with its Schlichting completion) when R is normal in Q, the closure of the Hecke algebra in C*(G) is Morita-Rieffel equivalent to a crossed product I x Q/R, where I is a certain ideal in the fixed-point algebra C*(N)^R. Several concrete examples are given illustrating and applying our techniques, including some involving subgroups of GL(2,K) acting on K^2, where K = Q or K = Z[1/p].
We show that the category A(G) of actions of a locally compact group G on C*-algebras (with equivariant nondegenerate *-homomorphisms into multiplier algebras) is equivalent, via a full-crossed-product functor, to a comma category of maximal coactions of G under the comultiplication (C*(G),delta_G); and also that A(G) is equivalent, via a reduced-crossed-product functor, to a comma category of normal coactions under the comultiplication. This extends classical Landstad duality to a category equivalence, and allows us to identify those C*-algebras which are isomorphic to crossed products by G as precisely those which form part of an object in the appropriate comma category.
The Hecke algebra H(G,H) of a Hecke pair (G,H) is studied using the Schlichting completion (G',H'), which is a Hecke pair whose Hecke algebra is isomorphic to H(G,H) and which is topologized so that H' is a compact open subgroup of G'. In particular, the representation theory and C*-completions of H(G,H) are addressed in terms of the projection p in C*(G') corresponding to the characteristic function of H', using both Fell's and Rieffel's imprimitivity theorems and the identity H(G,H) = p C_c(G') p. An extended analysis of the case where H is contained in a normal subgroup of G (and in particular the case where G is a semidirect product) is carried out, and several specific examples are analyzed using this approach.
Full C*-crossed products by actions of locally compact groups are characterized via the existence of suitable maximal coactions, in analogy with Landstad's characterization of reduced crossed products.
We give a short proof of a recent theorem of Ionescu which shows that the Cuntz-Pimsner C*-algebra of a certain correspondence associated to a Mauldin-Williams graph is isomorphic to the graph algebra.
Imprimitivity theorems provide a fundamental tool for studying the representation theory and structure of crossed-product C*-algebras. In this work, we show that the Imprimitivity Theorem for induced algebras, Green's Imprimitivity Theorem for actions of groups, and Mansfield's Imprimitivity Theorem for coactions of groups can all be viewed as natural equivalences between various crossed-product functors among certain equivariant categories. The categories involved have C*-algebras with actions or coactions (or both) of a fixed locally compact group G as their objects, and equivariant equivalence classes of right-Hilbert bimodules as their morphisms. Composition is given by the balanced tensor product of bimodules. The functors involved arise from taking crossed products; restricting, inflating, and decomposing actions and coactions; inducing actions; and various combinations of these. Several applications of this categorical approach are also presented, including some intriguing relationships between the Green and Mansfield bimodules, and between restriction and induction of representations.
For any maximal coaction (A, G, delta) and any closed normal subgroup N of G, there exists an imprimitivity bimodule Y between the full crossed product A x G x N and A x G/N, together with a compatible coaction delta_Y of G. The assignment (A, delta) -> (Y, delta_Y) implements a natural equivalence between the crossed-product functors "x G x N" and "x G/N", in the category whose objects are maximal coactions of G and whose morphisms are isomorphism classes of right-Hilbert bimodule coactions of G.
k-graphs are higher-rank analogues of directed graphs which were first developed to provide combinatorial models for operator algebras of Cuntz-Krieger type. Here we develop a theory of the fundamental groupoid of a k-graph, and relate it to the fundamental groupoid of an associated graph called the 1-skeleton. We also explore the failure, in general, of k-graphs to faithfully embed into their fundamental groupoids.
Using the strong relation between coactions of a discrete group G on C*-algebras and Fell bundles over G, we prove a new version of Mansfield's imprimitivity theorem for coactions of discrete groups. Our imprimitivity theorem works for the universally defined full crossed products and arbitrary subgroups of G, as opposed to the usual theory which uses the spatially defined reduced crossed products and normal subgroups of G. Moreover, our theorem factors through the usual one by passing to appropriate quotients. As applications we show that a Fell bundle over a discrete group is amenable in the sense of Exel if and only if the double dual action is amenable in the sense that the maximal and reduced crossed products coincide. We also give a new characterization of induced coactions in terms of their dual actions.
A coaction d of a locally compact group G on a C*-algebra A is maximal if a certain natural map from A times_d G times_{d hat} G onto A otimes K(L^2(G)) is an isomorphism. All dual coactions on full crossed products by group actions are maximal; a discrete coaction is maximal if and only if A is the full cross-sectional algebra of the corresponding Fell bundle. For every nondegenerate coaction of G on A, there is a maximal coaction of G on an extension of A such that the quotient map induces an isomorphism of the crossed products.
There are at least three imprimitivity bimodules naturally associated to a maximal coaction of a discrete group G on a C*-algebra and a normal subgroup of G: Mansfield's bimodule; the bimodule assembled by Ng from Green's imprimitivity bimodule and Katayama duality; and a bimodule assembled from Green's bimodule and a crossed-product Mansfield bimodule. We show that all three of these are isomorphic, so that the corresponding inducing maps on representations are identical. This can be interpreted as saying that Mansfield and Green induction are inverses of one another ``modulo Katayama duality''. These results pass to twisted coactions; dual results starting with an action are also given.
We show that induction of covariant representations for C*-dynamical systems is natural in the sense that it gives a natural transformation between certain crossed-product functors. This involves setting up suitable categories of C*-algebras and dynamical systems, and extending the usual constructions of crossed products to define the appropriate functors. From this point of view, Green's Imprimitivity Theorem identifies the functors for which induction is a natural equivalence. Various spcecial cases of these results have previously been obtained on an ad hoc basis.
Groupoid actions on C*-bundles and inverse semigroup actions on C*-algebras are closely related when the groupoid is r-discrete.