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Jonas Hirsch

Publications and source records attributed to Jonas Hirsch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Full flexibility of the Monge-Amp\`ere system in codimension $d_*-d+1$

We prove that $\mathcal{C}^{1,\alpha}$ solutions to the Monge-Amp\`ere system in dimension $d$ and codimension $k= d_*-d+1$, where $d_*$ denotes the Janet dimension, are dense in the space of continuous functions, for every H\"older exponent $\alpha<1$. Our result strengthens the statement in [Lewicka 2022], obtained for $k = 2d_*$ and based on ideas from [K\"allen 1978] in the context of the isometric immersion system. It also generalizes the result of [Inauen-Lewicka 2025], where full flexibility was established in dimension $d=2$ and codimension $k=2$. The same proof scheme further yields local full flexibility of isometric immersions of $d$-dimensional Riemannian metrics into Euclidean space of dimension $d_* + 1$, generalizing the result in [Lewicka 2025] proved for $d=k=2$. By using techniques of [Conti-De Lellis-Szekelyhidi], the result can be extended to compact manifolds, in codimension $(d+1)d_*-d+1$.

math.AP↗
arXiv2025

A note on the a.e. second-order differentiability of rank-one convex functions

In the Euclidean setting, the well-known Alexandrov theorem states that convex functions are twice differentiable almost everywhere. In this note, we extend this theorem to rank-one convex functions. Our approach is novel in that it draws more from viscosity techniques developed in the context of fully nonlinear elliptic equations. As a byproduct, the original Alexandrov theorem can essentially be reduced to the a.e. differentiability of one-dimensional monotone functions, as presented in the appendix.

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arXiv2025

Stationary and stable varifolds with singularities

We construct minimal $m$-dimensional immersions in $\R^{m+1}$, equipped with a $C^{1, \alpha}$ metric, $\alpha\in [0,1)$, with a sequence of \emph{catenoidal necks} or \emph{floating disks} converging to an isolated, multiplicity $2$, singular flat point.

math.DG↗
arXiv2025

Nonunique tangent maps at isolated singularities of minimizing $p$-harmonic maps

The analysis of ``tangent maps'' at singular points of energy minimizing maps plays an important role in our understanding of the fine structure of the singular set. This note presents the first example of a minimizing (not just stationary) $p$-harmonic map with nonunique tangent maps at an isolated singularity. We construct a $n$-dimensional manifold $N$ such that for every admissible tuple $p< m\le n+2$, there exists a map from $B_1^m$ into $N$ that minimizes the $p$-energy, has an isolated singularity at the origin and admits a continuum of distinct tangent maps. The construction builds upon and extends B.~ White's example for $p=2$ in the stationary case.

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arXiv2025

Isometric Immersions and Weak Solutions to the Darboux Equation

We study the Darboux equation, a fundamental PDE arising in the theory of isometric immersions of two-dimensional Riemannian manifolds into $\mathbb{R}^3$, in the low-regularity regime. We introduce a notion of weak solution for $u\in C^{1,\theta}$ with $\theta>1/2$, and show that the classical correspondence between solutions of the Darboux equation and isometric immersions remains valid in this regime. The key ingredient is an extension of the classical flatness criterion to H\"older continuous metrics, achieved via an analysis of a weak notion of Gaussian curvature.

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arXiv2025

A Nash-Kuiper theorem for isometric immersions beyond Borisov's exponent

Given any short immersion from an $n$-dimensional bounded and simply connected domain into $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ and any H\"older exponent $\alpha<(1+n^2-n)^{-1}$, we construct a $C^{1, \alpha}$ isometric immersion arbitrarily close in the $C^0$ topology. This extends the classical Nash--Kuiper theorem and shows the flexibility of $C^{1, \alpha}$ isometric immersions beyond Borisov's exponent. In particular, for $n=2$, the regularity threshold aligns with the Onsager exponent $1/3$ for the incompressible Euler equations. Our proof relies on three novelties that allow for the cancellation of leading-order error terms in the convex integration scheme: a new corrugation ansatz, an integration by parts procedure, and an adapted algebraic decomposition of these errors.

math.AP↗
arXiv2023

$C^{1,\frac{1}{3}-}$ very weak solutions to the two dimensional Monge-Amp\'ere equation

For any $\theta<\frac{1}{3}$, we show that very weak solutions to the two-dimensional Monge-Amp\`ere equation with regularity $C^{1,\theta}$ are dense in the space of continuous functions. This result is shown by a convex integration scheme involving a subtle decomposition of the defect at each stage. The decomposition diagonalizes the defect and, in addition, incorporates some of the leading-order error terms of the first perturbation, effectively reducing the required amount of perturbations to one.

math.AP↗
arXiv2023

Excess decay for minimizing hypercurrents mod $2Q$

We consider codimension $1$ area-minimizing $m$-dimensional currents $T$ mod an even integer $p=2Q$ in a $C^2$ Riemannian submanifold $\Sigma$ of the Euclidean space. We prove a suitable excess-decay estimate towards the unique tangent cone at every point $q\in \mathrm{spt} (T)\setminus \mathrm{spt}^p (\partial T)$ where at least one such tangent cone is $Q$ copies of a single plane. While an analogous decay statement was proved in arXiv:2111.11202 as a corollary of a more general theory for stable varifolds, in our statement we strive for the optimal dependence of the estimates upon the second fundamental form of $\Sigma$. This technical improvement is in fact needed in arXiv:2201.10204 to prove that the singular set of $T$ can be decomposed into a $C^{1,\alpha}$ $(m-1)$-dimensional submanifold and an additional closed remaining set of Hausdorff dimension at most $m-2$.

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arXiv2023

On the Lawson-Osserman conjecture

We prove that if $u : B_1 \subset \mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^n$ is a Lipschitz critical point of the area functional with respect to outer variations, then $u$ is smooth. This solves a conjecture of Lawson and Osserman from 1977 in the planar case.

math.AP↗
arXiv2022

Index estimates for sequences of harmonic maps

In this paper we study upper and lower bounds of the index and the nullity for sequences of harmonic maps with uniformly bounded Dirichlet energy from a two-dimensional Riemann surface into a compact target manifold. The main difficulty stems from the fact that in the limit the sequence can develop finitely many bubbles. We obtain the index bounds by studying the limiting behavior of sequences of eigenfunctions of the linearized operator and the key novelty of the present paper is that we diagonalize the index form of the Dirichlet energy with respect to a bilinear form which varies with the sequence of harmonic maps and which helps us to show the convergence of the sequence of eigenfunctions on the weak limit, the bubbles and the intermediate neck regions. Finally, we sketch how to modify our arguments in order to also cover the more general case of sequences of critical points of two-dimensional conformally invariant variational problems.

math.DG↗
arXiv2022

Interior regularity for two-dimensional stationary $Q$-valued maps

We prove that $2$-dimensional $Q$-valued maps that are stationary with respect to outer and inner variations of the Dirichlet energy are H\"older continuous and that the dimension of their singular set is at most one. In the course of the proof we establish a strong concentration-compactness theorem for equicontinuous maps that are stationary with respect to outer variations only, and which holds in every dimensions.

math.AP↗
arXiv2022

Regularity for rough hypoelliptic equations

We present a general approach to obtain a weak Harnack inequality for rough hypoellipitic equations, e.g. kinetic equations. The proof is constructive and does not study the commutator structure but rather compares the rough solution with a smooth problem for which the estimates are assumed.

math.AP↗
arXiv2022

On a degenerate elliptic problem arising in the least action principle for Rayleigh-Taylor subsolutions

We address a degenerate elliptic variational problem arising in the application of the least action principle to averaged solutions of the inhomogeneous Euler equations in Boussinesq approximation emanating from the horizontally flat Rayleigh-Taylor configuration. We give a detailed derivation of the functional starting from the differential inclusion associated with the Euler equations, i.e. the notion of an averaged solution is the one of a subsolution in the context of convex integration, and illustrate how it is linked to the generalized least action principle introduced by Brenier in \cite{Brenier89,Brenier18}. Concerning the investigation of the functional itself, we use a regular approximation in order to show the existence of a minimzer enjoying partial regularity, as well as other properties important for the construction of actual Euler solutions induced by the minimizer. Furthermore, we discuss to what extent such an application of the least action principle to subsolutions can serve as a selection criterion.

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arXiv2022

Fine structure of the singular set of area minimizing hypersurfaces modulo $p$

Consider an area minimizing current modulo $p$ of dimension $m$ in a smooth Riemannian manifold of dimension $m+1$. We prove that its interior singular set is, up to a relatively closed set of dimension at most $m-2$, a $C^{1,α}$ submanifold of dimension $m-1$ at which, locally, $N\leq p$ regular sheets of the current join transversally, each sheet counted with a positive multiplicity $k_i$ so that $\sum_i k_i = p$. This completes the analysis of the structure of the singular set of area minimizing hypersurfaces modulo $p$, initiated by J. Taylor for $m=2$ and $p=3$ and extended by the authors to arbitrary $m$ and all odd $p$ in arXiv:2105.08135. We tackle the remaining case of even $p$ by showing that the set of singular points admitting a flat blow-up is of codimension at least two in the current. First, we prove a structural result for the singularities of minimizers in the linearized problem, by combining an epiperimetric inequality with an analysis of homogeneous minimizers to conclude that the corresponding degrees of homogeneity are always integers; second, we refine Almgren's blow-up procedure to prove that all flat singularities of the current persist as singularities of the $\mathrm{Dir}$-minimizing limit. An important ingredient of our analysis is the uniqueness of flat tangent cones at singular points, recently established by Minter and Wickramasekera in arXiv:2111.11202.

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arXiv2021

Making Waves

We study linear PDE constraints for vector-valued functions and distributions. Our focus lies on wave solutions. These give rise to distributions with low-dimensional support. Special waves from vector potentials are represented by syzygies. We parametrize all waves by projective varieties derived from the support of the PDE. These include determinantal varieties and Fano varieties, and they generalize wave cones in analysis.

math.AG↗
arXiv2021

Geometry of complete minimal surfaces at infinity and the Willmore index of their inversions

We study complete minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with finite total curvature and embedded planar ends. After conformal compactification via inversion, these yield examples of surfaces stationary for the Willmore bending energy $\mathcal{W}: =\frac{1}{4} \int|\vec H|^2$. In codimension one, we prove that the $\mathcal{W}$-Morse index for any inverted minimal sphere or real projective plane with $m$ such ends is exactly $m-3=\frac{\mathcal{W}}{4\pi}-3$. We also consider several geometric properties -- for example, the property that all $m$ asymptotic planes meet at a single point -- of these minimal surfaces and explore their relation to the $\mathcal{W}$-Morse index of their inverted surfaces.

math.DG↗