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Jonathan Gräfe

Publications and source records attributed to Jonathan Gräfe.

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Analytic Continuation of Conformal Integrals in Momentum Space

Conformal symmetry strongly constrains correlation functions. In momentum space, the conformal Ward identities are solved for three-point functions by integrals of a product of three Bessel functions ("triple-$K$ integrals"); more generally, integrals of this type ("multiple-$K$ integrals"), serve as the building blocks of a wide class of higher-point conformal correlators. These integrals belong to the class of generalised hypergeometric functions, and while their series representations are known in principle, none converges throughout the entire physical region of kinematic space selected by momentum conservation. In this work, we construct series representations adapted to exactly this physical domain. Using the method of brackets, which turns the evaluation of definite integrals into solving a linear system of algebraic equations, we derive various Lauricella-type series representations for multiple-$K$ integrals. For triple-$K$ integrals, conventionally expressed in terms of the Appell $F_4$ function whose series converges only outside the triangle-inequality region, we find instead a compact, two-branch series that converges throughout the entire physical region and for arbitrary scaling dimensions. We then extend this construction to general multiple-$K$ integrals: by introducing a new set of kinematic variables, we build an iterative series representation that converges for all physical kinematic configurations.

hep-th

All Tree-Level Massive Cosmological Correlators via Spectral Gluing

Massive cosmological correlators exhibit a rich hypergeometric structure already at tree level, reflecting the distorted propagation of particles in de Sitter spacetime. In this paper, we reveal that this apparent complexity conceals a remarkably simple underlying mathematical structure. Using the spectral representation, we compute arbitrary tree-level correlators of scalar fields with generic masses and show that they are constructed from fundamental building blocks belonging to the family of Lauricella generalised hypergeometric functions, glued together by spectral integrals. We develop a spectral gluing algorithm that evaluates these integrals through elementary graph combinatorics, yielding explicit series representations that resum the dependence on internal energies away from soft limits. This algorithm naturally generates solutions to the differential equations satisfied by massive correlators as expansions in the corresponding eigenfunctions. Acting with a set of graph annihilators, we uncover a new class of magical identities among generalised hypergeometric functions, revealing an unexpected simplification: once the dynamical propagators are stripped away, the remaining hypergeometric kinematic dependence collapses to rational functions. Our results expose a hidden simplicity in the rigid hypergeometric analytic structure dictated by graph combinatorics, and hint at an intrinsic geometric principle from which properties of massive correlators naturally emerge.

hep-th

Split Representations and Bubble Resummation for Massive de Sitter Correlators

We combine spectral- and split representations to factorize multi-loop momentum space diagrams, in the Schwinger-Keldysh formulation for cosmological correlators, with massive scalars in the loop. This allows us to extend the resummation of loop contributions from flat to de Sitter space. Furthermore, in our split representation the signal part of the correlators can be identified directly on the integrand level from the spectral function. We apply this to describe the non-perturbative flow of the EFT background and the cosmological collider signals in a large-N model.

hep-th

Energy transfer between gravitational waves and quantum matter

We study the interaction between gravitational waves and quantum matter such as Bose-Einstein condensates, super-fluid Helium, or ultra-cold solids, explicitly taking into account the changes of the trapping potential induced by the gravitational wave. As a possible observable, we consider the change of energy due to the gravitational wave, for which we derive rigorous bounds in terms of kinetic energy and particle number. Finally, we discuss implications for possible experimental tests.

quant-ph