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Jonathan L. Rosner

Publications and source records attributed to Jonathan L. Rosner.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
arXiv2000

CP Violation - A Brief Review

Some past, present, and future aspects of CP violation are reviewed. The discrete symmetries C, P, and T are introduced with an example drawn from Maxwell's Equations. The history of the discovery of CP violation in the kaon system is described briefly, and brought up-to-date with a review of recent results on kaon decays. The candidate theory of CP violation, based on phases in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix, will be tested by studies of $B$ mesons, both in decays to CP eigenstates and in ``direct'' decays; we will soon learn a great deal more about whether the CKM picture is self-consistent. Future measurements are noted and some brief remarks are made about the ``other'' manifestation of CP violation, the baryon asymmetry of the Universe.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2000

Classical Illustrations of CP Violation in Kaon Decays

It is easy to construct classical 2-state systems illustrating the behavior of the short-lived and long-lived neutral $K$ mesons in the limit of CP conservation. The emulation of CP violation is more tricky, but is provided by the two-dimensional motion of a Foucault pendulum. Analogies are drawn between the pendulum and observables in neutral kaon decays. An emulation of CP- and CPT-violation using electric circuits is also discussed.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2000

The Role of $B_s \to K π$ in Determining the Weak Phase $γ$

The decay rates for $B^0 \to K^+ π^-$, $B^+ \to K^0 π^+$, and the charge-conjugate processes were found to provide information on the weak phase $γ\equiv {\rm Arg}(V_{ub}^*)$ when the ratio $r$ of weak tree and penguin amplitudes was taken from data on $B \to ππ$ or semileptonic $B \to π$ decays. We show here that the rates for $B_s \to K^- π^+$ and $\bar B_s \to K^+ π^-$ can provide the necessary information on $r$, and estimate the statistical accuracy of forthcoming measurements at the Fermilab Tevatron.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1999

New Information on B Decays to Charmless VP Final States

The decays of $B$ mesons to charmless final states consisting of a vector meson ($V$) and a pseudoscalar meson ($P$) are analyzed within flavor SU(3). Predictions are compared with new data from the CLEO Collaboration. Dominant contributions to amplitudes and subdominant interfering terms are identified. Evidence is found for a specific penguin amplitude (contributing, for example, to $B^+ \to ρ^+ K^0$) at a level much higher than that implied by most explicit models. The validity of the conclusion $\cos γ< 0$, obtained through other analyses of $B \to VP$ decays, is examined here from a less model-dependent standpoint. It is found that several processes are consistent with $\cos γ< 0$ (or $\cos α> 0$), and measurements are suggested which could make this conclusion more robust.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1999

Mixing of Charge -1/3 Quarks and Charged Leptons With Exotic Fermions in E$_{\rm 6}$

A way is suggested to understand why the average masses of $(d,s,b)$ quarks are smaller than those of $(u,c,t)$ quarks. In contrast to previously proposed mechanisms relying on different Higgs boson vacuum expectation values or different Yukawa couplings, the mass difference is explained as a consequence of mixing of $(d,s,b)$ with exotic quarks implied by the electroweak-strong unification group E$_{\rm 6}$.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1999

Final-State Phases in Charmed Meson Two-Body Nonleptonic Decays

Observed decay rates indicate large phase differences among the amplitudes for the charge states in $D \to \bar K π$ and $D \to \bar K^* π$ but relatively real amplitudes in the charge states for $D \to \bar K ρ$. This feature is traced using an SU(3) flavor analysis to a sign flip in the contribution of one of the amplitudes contributing to the latter processes in comparison with its contribution to the other two sets. This amplitude may be regarded as an effect of rescattering and is found to be of magnitude comparable to others contributing to charmed particle two-body nonleptonic decays.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1999

On Large Final-State Phases in Heavy Meson Decays

An attempt is made to identify circumstances under which the weak decays of $D$ and $B$ mesons may display large differences between eigenphases of strong final-state interactions. There are several cases in which rescattering from other final states appears to enhance decay rates with respect to estimates based on the factorization hypothesis.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1999

Particles in Loops - From Electrons to Top Quarks

This article, in memory of Professor Hiroshi Suura, is devoted to the effects of particles in loops, ranging from quantum electrodynamics to precise tests of the electroweak theory and CP violation.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1999

CKM Matrix Elements: Magnitudes, Phases, Uncertainties

Schemes for fermion masses should predict elements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. We review the freedom allowed by present experiments and how the parameter space will shrink in the next few years. In addition to experiments which directly affect CKM parameters, we discuss constraints arising from precise electroweak tests.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

Explorations of Compositeness

Some of the motivations for quark and lepton compositeness, and some problems associated with present schemes, are noted. One model is discussed in which quarks and leptons are taken as composites of spin-1/2 fermions $F$ with charges $\pm 1/2$ and spinless bosons $\bar S$ with charges 1/6 and -1/2.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

The Arrival of Charm

Some of the theoretical motivations and experimental developments leading to the discovery of charm are recalled.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

Combining CP Asymmetries in $B \to K π$ Decays

We prove an approximate relation, to leading order in dominant terms, between CP-violating rate differences in $B^0/\bar{B}^0 \to K^{\pm}π^{\mp}$ and $B^{\pm} \to K^{\pm}π^0$. We show how data from these two processes may be combined in order to enhance the significance of a nonzero result.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

Determination of the Weak Phase gamma from Rate Measurements in B^+- -> pi K, pi pi Decays

A method is described which, under the assumption of SU(3) symmetry, allows one to determine the angle gamma=Arg(Vub^*) of the unitarity triangle from time-independent measurements of the branching ratios for the decays B^+ -> pi^0 K^+ and B^- -> pi^0 K^-, as well as of the CP-averaged branching ratios for the decays B^+- -> pi^+- K^0 and B^+- -> pi^+- pi^0. The effects of electroweak penguin operators are included in a model-independent way, and SU(3)-breaking corrections are accounted for in the factorization approximation.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

Lattice QCD and heavy quarks

Some interesting heavy-flavor questions are mentioned that may yield to the methods of lattice QCD. Special emphasis is placed on topics which arise in the discussion of CP violation in $B$ decays. Other subjects include quarkonium and light-quark systems and some potential applications outside QCD.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

Rescattering Information from $B \to K \bar K$ Decays

Rescattering effects can modify the dependence on the weak phase $γ= -{\rm Arg}(V^*_{ub}V_{ud}/V^*_{cb} V_{cd})$ of the ratio of rates for $B^{\pm} \to K π^\pm$ and $B \to K^\pm π^\mp$. A test for these effects based on the processes $B^\pm \to K^\pm K$ has been suggested. It is pointed out that the rates for the processes $B \to K^+ K^-$, which are expected to be {\it dominated} by rescattering and for which considerably better experimental bounds exist, are likely to provide a more stringent constraint on these effects.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

B Physics - A Theoretical Review

This overview of what we can hope to learn from high-statistics experiments in B physics in the next few years includes: (a) a review of parameters of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) Matrix; (b) direct determination of magnitudes of CKM elements; (c) forthcoming information from studies of kaons; (d) CP violation in B decays; (e) aspects of rate measurements; (f) the role of charm-anticharm annihilation; (g) remarks on tagging; and (h) effects beyond the standard model.

hep-ph↗
arXiv1998

Improved Tests of Relations for Baryon Isomultiplet Splittings

The least well-known octet baryon mass is $M_{Ξ^0} = 1314.9 \pm 0.6$ MeV. The prospect of an improved measurement of its mass by the KTeV experimental program at Fermilab, and opportunities for improvements in charged and excited hyperon and $Δ$ mass measurements, makes it timely to re-examine descriptions of isospin splittings in baryons containing light quarks. It is possible by examining such relations as the Coleman-Glashow relation $M_n - M_p + M_{Ξ^-} - M_{Ξ^0} = M_{Σ^-} - M_{Σ^+}$ to distinguish between those models making use of one- or two-body effects involving quarks and those involving genuine three-body effects. A hierarchy based on an expansion in $1/N_c$, where $N_c$ is the number of quark colors, is useful in this respect. The present status of other quark-model mass relations involving $Λ- Σ^0$ mixing and the baryon decuplet is also noted, and the degree to which one can determine parameters such as quark mass differences and individual electromagnetic contributions to splittings is discussed.

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