arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Jonathan M. Borwein.
We continue the analysis of higher and multiple Mahler measures using log-sine integrals as started in "Log-sine evaluations of Mahler measures" and "Special values of generalized log-sine integrals" by two of the authors. This motivates a detailed study of various multiple polylogarithms and worked examples are given. Our techniques enable the reduction of several multiple Mahler measures, and supply an easy proof of two conjectures by Boyd.
One of the most effective techniques of experimental mathematics is to compute mathematical entities such as integrals, series or limits to high precision, then attempt to recognize the resulting numerical values. Recently these techniques have been applied with great success to problems in mathematical physics. Notable among these applications are the identification of some key multi-dimensional integrals that arise in Ising theory, quantum field theory and in magnetic spin theory.
We provide a proof of a conjecture in (Bailey, Borwein, Borwein, Crandall 2007) on the existence and form of linear recursions for moments of powers of the Bessel function $K_0$.
We record what is known about the closed forms for various Bessel function moments arising in quantum field theory, condensed matter theory and other parts of mathematical physics. More generally, we develop formulae for integrals of products of six or fewer Bessel functions. In consequence, we are able to discover and prove closed forms for $c_{n,k}:=\int_0^\infty t^k K_0^n(t) {\rm d}t$ with integers $n=1,2,3,4$ and $k\ge0$, obtaining new results for the even moments $c_{3,2k}$ and $c_{4,2k}$. We also derive new closed forms for the odd moments $s_{n,2k+1}:=\int_0^\infty t^{2k+1}I_0^{}(t) K_0^{n-1}(t) {\rm d}t$ with $n=3,4$ and for $t_{n,2k+1}:=\int_0^\infty t^{2k+1}I_0^2(t) K_0^{n-2}(t) {\rm d}t$ with $n=5$, relating the latter to Green functions on hexagonal, diamond and cubic lattices. We conjecture the values of $s_{5,2k+1}$, make substantial progress on the evaluation of $c_{5,2k+1}$, $s_{6,2k+1}$ and $t_{6,2k+1}$ and report more limited progress regarding $c_{5,2k}$, $c_{6,2k+1}$ and $c_{6,2k}$. In the process, we obtain 8 conjectural evaluations, each of which has been checked to 1200 decimal places. One of these lies deep in 4- dimensional quantum field theory and two are probably provable by delicate combinatorics. There remains a hard core of five conjectures whose proofs would be most instructive, to mathematicians and physicists alike.
We document the discovery of two generating functions for the Riemann zeta values zeta(2n+2), analogous to earlier work for zeta(2n+1) and zeta(4n+3). This continues work initiated by Koecher and pursued further by Borwein, Bradley and others.
We give thirty-two diverse proofs of a small mathematical gem--the fundamental Euler sum identity zeta(2,1)=zeta(3) =8zeta(\bar 2,1). We also discuss various generalizations for multiple harmonic (Euler) sums and some of their many connections, thereby illustrating both the wide variety of techniques fruitfully used to study such sums and the attraction of their study.
Some rapidly convergent formulae for special values of the Riemann zeta function are given. We obtain a generating function formula for zeta(4n+3) which generalizes Apery's series for zeta(3), and appears to give the best possible series relations of this type, at least for n<12. The formula reduces to a finite but apparently non-trivial combinatorial identity. The identity is equivalent to an interesting new integral evaluation for the central binomial coefficient. We outline a new technique for transforming and summing certain infinite series. We also derive a beautiful formula which provides strange evaluations of a large new class of non-terminating hypergeometric series. Our main results are shown to be equivalent. At the time this article was submitted for publication back in 1996, these results were only conjectures, but they have subsequently been proved as a result of work due to Gert Almkvist and Andrew Granville.
We discuss some aspects of the search for identities using computer algebra and symbolic methods. The focus is on so-called Apery-like formulae for special values of the Riemann Zeta function. Much work lays ahead in formally proving and properly classifying many of the identities we have uncovered.
We consider some parametrized classes of multiple sums first studied by Euler. Identities between meromorphic functions of one or more variables generate reduction formulae for these sums.
Historically, the polylogarithm has attracted specialists and non-specialists alike with its lovely evaluations. Much the same can be said for Euler sums (or multiple harmonic sums), which, within the past decade, have arisen in combinatorics, knot theory and high-energy physics. More recently, we have been forced to consider multidimensional extensions encompassing the classical polylogarithm, Euler sums, and the Riemann zeta function. Here, we provide a general framework within which previously isolated results can now be properly understood. Applying the theory developed herein, we prove several previously conjectured evaluations, including an intriguing conjecture of Don Zagier.
We study the relationships between Gateaux, weak Hadamard and Frechet differentiability and their bornologies for Lipschitz and for convex functions. In particular, Frechet and weak Hadamard differentiabily coincide for all Lipschitz functions if and only if the space is reflexive (an earlier paper of the first two authors shows that these two notions of differentiability coincide for continuous convex functions if and only if the space does not contain a copy of $\ell_1$). We also examine when Gateaux and weak Hadamard differentiability coincide for continuous convex functions. For instance, spaces with the Dunford-Pettis (Schur) property can be characterized by the coincidence of Gateaux and weak Hadamard (Frechet) differentiabilty for dual norms.
In this paper, we completely settle several of the open questions regarding the relationships between the three most fundamental forms of set convergence. In particular, it is shown that Wijsman and slice convergence coincide precisely when the weak star and norm topologies agree on the dual sphere. Consequently, a weakly compactly generated Banach space admits a dense set of norms for which Wijsman and slice convergence coincide if and only if it is an Asplund space. We also show that Wijsman convergence implies Mosco convergence precisely when the weak star and Mackey topologies coincide on the dual sphere. A corollary of these results is that given a fixed norm on an Asplund space, Wijsman and slice convergence coincide if and only if Wijsman convergence implies Mosco convergence.