Accurate calculations of Sr properties for a high-accuracy optical clock
We have carried out calculations towards the goal of reducing the inaccuracy of the Sr optical atomic clock to 1$\times10^{-17}$ and below. We calculated a.c. polarizabilities of the $5s^2 ^1S_0$ and $5s5p ^3P_0^o$ clock states that are important for reducing the uncertainty of blackbody radiation-induced frequency shifts for the $^1S_0 - ^3P_0^o$ clock transition. We determined four low-lying even-parity states whose total contribution to the static polarizability of the $^3P_0^o$ clock state is at the level of 90%. We show that if the contribution of these states is experimentally known with 0.1% accuracy, the same accuracy can be achieved for the total polarizability of the $^3P_0^o$ state. The corresponding uncertainty for the blackbody shift at a fixed room temperature will be below 1$\times10^{-17}$. The calculations are confirmed by a number of experimental measurements on various Sr properties.