arXiv subjects

Junhua Zhou

Publications and source records attributed to Junhua Zhou.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Quantum Vibronic Dynamics Shape Catalytically Relevant Au-Ligand Interfaces in Atomically Precise Gold Nanoclusters

Atomically precise gold nanoclusters are versatile for photocatalysis and energy conversion because their electronic structure stems from strong metal-ligand interactions. However, these interactions are mostly discussed statically, leaving dynamic reorganization of Au-ligand interfaces under photoexcitation unclear. We investigate rod-shaped [Au25(PPh3)10(SC2H5)5Cl2]2+ using ultrafast transient-grating spectroscopy, two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy, ab initio calculations, and hierarchical equations-of-motion simulations. The multidimensional spectra resolve multiple electronic relaxation pathways and a hierarchy of coherent structural motions, from localized Au-ligand distortions to collective framework vibrations. Wavelet analysis reveals that high-frequency Au-ligand vibrations emerge immediately after excitation, whereas low-frequency collective modes appear later through interstate vibronic coupling, indicating sequential redistribution of structural coherence. Simulations reproduce the nonlinear response and identify the microscopic vibronic couplings responsible. The results show that photoexcitation drives continuous ultrafast reorganization of the Au-ligand bonding network, transiently reshaping interfacial electronic structure before thermalization. This work establishes dynamic Au-ligand interfaces as the microscopic link between excited-state energy flow and photochemical function in atomically precise nanoclusters.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2026

Environmental Control Extends Beyond Quantum Dephasing in Exciton Energy Transfer

Excitation-energy transfer underpins the conversion of light into usable energy in photosynthetic organisms and serves as a paradigm for evolutionary optimized transport in open quantum systems. Although this process is often described as incoherent thermally assisted hopping, such descriptions become inadequate when electronic coupling, vibronic interactions and environmental fluctuations occur on comparable energy scales. Determining how the environment controls transport therefore remains a fundamental challenge. Here, we use temperature-dependent 2DES to investigate energy transfer in the photosynthetic antenna protein allophycocyanin over the range 10 - 296 K. The dominant $β\rightarrow α$ transfer step exhibits a pronounced non-monotonic temperature dependence: the transfer time decreases from 400 fs at 10 K to 200 fs near 30- 40 K before increasing again to 400 fs at 296 K. In contrast, the homogeneous optical dephasing time decreases monotonically across the same temperature range. To interpret these observations, we model APC as a vibronically coupled excitonic dimer interacting with a structured environment and solve the dynamics using hierarchical equations of motion. Conventional fixed-bath models, including Drude-Lorentz and explicit intermolecular-mode spectral densities, fail to reproduce the observed turnover. Quantitative agreement is obtained only when the low-frequency sector of the environmental spectral density is allowed to anharmonically evolve strongly with temperature, while the high-frequency bath remains essentially unchanged. More broadly, these findings demonstrate that transport efficiency is controlled not simply by the magnitude of environmental fluctuations, but by the distribution of environmental spectral weight across frequency space, providing new experimental constraints on theories of molecular transport in complex quantum environments.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2026

Conical Intersections Enable Ultrafast Molecular Spin Control in a Chromium Complex

Molecular spintronics seeks to control spin states in single molecules for ultrafast switching and efficient information processing. Transition metal complexes are promising candidates for such applications due to their modular ligand fields, diverse spin configurations, and potential for spin-vibronic coupling that facilitates rapid spin dynamics. Chromium(III) complexes, in particular, offer long-lived emissive doublet states and chemical robustness, making them attractive for room-temperature spin control. Here we investigate the spin-state dynamics of tris(2,4-pentanedionato)chromium(III), [Cr(acac)3], a photochemically stable d3 complex with minimal vibrational congestion. Using ultrafast transient grating and two dimensional electronic spectroscopy with ~10 fs resolution, we directly probe vibrational and electronic dynamics associated with the 4T2 -> 2E intersystem crossing (ISC). These measurements reveal coherent vibrational modes implicated in mediating nonadiabatic spin transitions. Complementary theoretical modelling shows that vibronic coupling and spin orbit interactions promote the formation of multiple conical intersections, providing ultrafast channels for spin-flip dynamics. Metal-ligand bending and stretching modes serve as tuning and coupling coordinates, enabling ISC despite weak spin-orbit coupling in 3d transition metal. Our study provides mechanistic insight into spin-vibronic dynamics in Cr(III) complexes and establishes a design framework for achieving ultrafast molecular spin switching, advancing the development of optically addressable spin centres for future spintronic and quantum technologies.

physics.chem-ph↗

arXiv2026

TopoMamba: Topology-Aware Scanning and Fusion for Segmenting Heterogeneous Medical Visual Media

Visual state-space models (SSMs) have shown strong potential for medical image segmentation, yet their effectiveness is often limited by two practical issues: axis-biased scan ordering weakens the modeling of oblique and curved structures, and naive multi-branch fusion tends to amplify redundant responses. We present TopoMamba, a topology-aware scan-and-fuse framework for segmenting heterogeneous medical visual media. The method combines a diagonal/anti-diagonal TopoA-Scan branch with the standard Cross-Scan branch to provide complementary structural priors, and introduces ScanCache, a device-aware caching mechanism that amortizes explicit scan-index construction across recurring resolutions. To fuse heterogeneous scan features efficiently, we further propose a lightweight HSIC Gate that regulates branch interaction using a dependence-aware scalar gating rule. We also instantiate a volumetric TopoMamba-3D for practical 3D clinical segmentation. Experiments on Synapse CT, ISIC 2017 dermoscopy, and CVC-ClinicDB endoscopy show that TopoMamba consistently improves segmentation quality over strong CNN, Transformer, and SSM baselines, with particularly clear gains on thin or curved targets such as the pancreas and gallbladder, while maintaining favorable deployment efficiency under dynamic input resolutions. These results suggest that topology-aware scan ordering and lightweight dependence-aware fusion form an effective and practical design for medical multimedia segmentation. The code will be made publicly available.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2026

RGA-Net: A Vision Enhancement Framework for Robotic Surgical Systems Using Reciprocal Attention Mechanisms

Robotic surgical systems rely heavily on high-quality visual feedback for precise teleoperation; yet, surgical smoke from energy-based devices significantly degrades endoscopic video feeds, compromising the human-robot interface and surgical outcomes. This paper presents RGA-Net (Reciprocal Gating and Attention-fusion Network), a novel deep learning framework specifically designed for smoke removal in robotic surgery workflows. Our approach addresses the unique challenges of surgical smoke-including dense, non-homogeneous distribution and complex light scattering-through a hierarchical encoder-decoder architecture featuring two key innovations: (1) a Dual-Stream Hybrid Attention (DHA) module that combines shifted window attention with frequency-domain processing to capture both local surgical details and global illumination changes, and (2) an Axis-Decomposed Attention (ADA) module that efficiently processes multi-scale features through factorized attention mechanisms. These components are connected via reciprocal cross-gating blocks that enable bidirectional feature modulation between encoder and decoder pathways. Extensive experiments on the DesmokeData and LSD3K surgical datasets demonstrate that RGA-Net achieves superior performance in restoring visual clarity suitable for robotic surgery integration. Our method enhances the surgeon-robot interface by providing consistently clear visualization, laying a technical foundation for alleviating surgeons' cognitive burden, optimizing operation workflows, and reducing iatrogenic injury risks in minimally invasive procedures. These practical benefits could be further validated through future clinical trials involving surgeon usability assessments. The proposed framework represents a significant step toward more reliable and safer robotic surgical systems through computational vision enhancement.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

HBFormer: A Hybrid-Bridge Transformer for Microtumor and Miniature Organ Segmentation

Medical image segmentation is a cornerstone of modern clinical diagnostics. While Vision Transformers that leverage shifted window-based self-attention have established new benchmarks in this field, they are often hampered by a critical limitation: their localized attention mechanism struggles to effectively fuse local details with global context. This deficiency is particularly detrimental to challenging tasks such as the segmentation of microtumors and miniature organs, where both fine-grained boundary definition and broad contextual understanding are paramount. To address this gap, we propose HBFormer, a novel Hybrid-Bridge Transformer architecture. The 'Hybrid' design of HBFormer synergizes a classic U-shaped encoder-decoder framework with a powerful Swin Transformer backbone for robust hierarchical feature extraction. The core innovation lies in its 'Bridge' mechanism, a sophisticated nexus for multi-scale feature integration. This bridge is architecturally embodied by our novel Multi-Scale Feature Fusion (MFF) decoder. Departing from conventional symmetric designs, the MFF decoder is engineered to fuse multi-scale features from the encoder with global contextual information. It achieves this through a synergistic combination of channel and spatial attention modules, which are constructed from a series of dilated and depth-wise convolutions. These components work in concert to create a powerful feature bridge that explicitly captures long-range dependencies and refines object boundaries with exceptional precision. Comprehensive experiments on challenging medical image segmentation datasets, including multi-organ, liver tumor, and bladder tumor benchmarks, demonstrate that HBFormer achieves state-of-the-art results, showcasing its outstanding capabilities in microtumor and miniature organ segmentation. Code and models are available at: https://github.com/lzeeorno/HBFormer.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

Elevating Medical Image Security: A Cryptographic Framework Integrating Hyperchaotic Map and GRU

Chaotic systems play a key role in modern image encryption due to their sensitivity to initial conditions, ergodicity, and complex dynamics. However, many existing chaos-based encryption methods suffer from vulnerabilities, such as inadequate permutation and diffusion, and suboptimal pseudorandom properties. This paper presents Kun-IE, a novel encryption framework designed to address these issues. The framework features two key contributions: the development of the 2D Sin-Cos Pi Hyperchaotic Map (2D-SCPHM), which offers a broader chaotic range and superior pseudorandom sequence generation, and the introduction of Kun-SCAN, a novel permutation strategy that significantly reduces pixel correlations, enhancing resistance to statistical attacks. Kun-IE is flexible and supports encryption for images of any size. Experimental results and security analyses demonstrate its robustness against various cryptanalytic attacks, making it a strong solution for secure image communication. The code is available at this \href{https://github.com/QuincyQAQ/Elevating-Medical-Image-Security-A-Cryptographic-Framework-Integrating-Hyperchaotic-Map-and-GRU}{link}.

cs.CR↗

arXiv2025

TDADL-IE: A Deep Learning-Driven Cryptographic Architecture for Medical Image Security

The rise of digital medical imaging, like MRI and CT, demands strong encryption to protect patient data in telemedicine and cloud storage. Chaotic systems are popular for image encryption due to their sensitivity and unique characteristics, but existing methods often lack sufficient security. This paper presents the Three-dimensional Diffusion Algorithm and Deep Learning Image Encryption system (TDADL-IE), built on three key elements. First, we propose an enhanced chaotic generator using an LSTM network with a 1D-Sine Quadratic Chaotic Map (1D-SQCM) for better pseudorandom sequence generation. Next, a new three-dimensional diffusion algorithm (TDA) is applied to encrypt permuted images. TDADL-IE is versatile for images of any size. Experiments confirm its effectiveness against various security threats. The code is available at \href{https://github.com/QuincyQAQ/TDADL-IE}{https://github.com/QuincyQAQ/TDADL-IE}.

cs.CR↗

arXiv2025

Excitonic Energy Transfer in Red Algal Photosystem I Reveals an Evolutionary Bridge between Cyanobacteria and Plants

Photosystem I converts light into chemical energy with near-unity quantum efficiency,yet its energy-transfer and charge-separation mechanisms remain debated. Evolution has diversified PSI architectures. The unicellular red algae Cyanidioschyzon merolae represents a key evolutionary intermediate,featuring a cyanobacterial-like monomeric core surrounded by three to five LHCR subunits. This hybrid organization provides a unique system to bridge mechanistic models across lineages. We applied two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy at ultralow temperatures to disentangle overlapping excitation pathways in C. merolae PSI. Cryogenic measurements suppressed thermal broadening, resolving five dynamical components: sub-picosecond equilibration acrossthe core-LHCR interface, subsequent population transfer into progressively lowerenergy manifolds, and slower feeding into red pools distributed across both core and antenna. On the longest timescales, a persistent ground-state bleach signifies excitons stabilised in terminal sinks. Notably, comparison of 8 K and 80 K spectra reveals that excitations are heterogeneously partitioned among multiple sinks at low disorder, whereas modest thermal activation promotes selective convergence into core-associated red chlorophylls. To interpret these dynamics, we employed atomistic excitonic Hamiltonians with time-nonlocal master equations, providing a quantitative framework for exciton migration and thermal redistribution. Together, these results demonstrate that C. merolae PSI broadens the kinetic funnel by distributing sinks across core and antenna, an evolutionary adaptation that extends spectral coverage whilst ensuring efficient trapping. These insights reconcile cyanobacterial and plant paradigms and illuminate how antenna expansion reshaped PSI function during the course of photosynthetic evolution.

physics.chem-ph↗