Vacuum Polarization Effects in the Hyperfine Splitting of Hydrogen Like Ions
The hyperfine structure of bound electrons in hydrogen-like ions is considered with corrections to the energy levels due to vacuum polarization (VP). Corrections to the wave function as well as the magnetic potential are determined for both leptonic and hadronic VP. Hadronic VP is treated with a semi-empirical approach. Uncertainties due to the nuclear charge distribution are given and discussed. Point-like, spherical and Fermi distributed nuclear models are considered and the differences of the results are discussed.
physics.atom-ph↗