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K. Akiba

Publications and source records attributed to K. Akiba.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources

Search for the doubly heavy baryon $\itΞ_{bc}^{+}$ decaying to $J/\itψ \itΞ_{c}^{+}$

A first search for the $\itΞ_{bc}^{+}\to J/\itψ\itΞ_{c}^{+}$ decay is performed by the LHCb experiment with a data sample of proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ recorded at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and $13\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$. Two peaking structures are seen with a local (global) significance of $4.3\,(2.8)$ and $4.1\,(2.4)$ standard deviations at masses of $6571\,\mathrm{Me\kern -0.1em V\!/}c^2$ and $6694\,\mathrm{Me\kern -0.1em V\!/}c^2$, respectively. Upper limits are set on the $\itΞ_{bc}^{+}$ baryon production cross-section times the branching fraction relative to that of the $B_{c}^{+}\to J/\itψ D_{s}^{+}$ decay at centre-of-mass energies of 8 and $13\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$, in the $\itΞ_{bc}^{+}$ and in the $B_{c}^{+}$ rapidity and transverse-momentum ranges from 2.0 to 4.5 and 0 to $20\,\mathrm{Ge\kern -0.1em V\!/}c$, respectively. Upper limits are presented as a function of the $\itΞ_{bc}^{+}$ mass and lifetime.

hep-ex↗

Amplitude analysis of $B^0 \rightarrow \overline{D}^0 D_s^+ π^-$ and $B^+ \rightarrow D^- D_s^+ π^+$ decays

Resonant contributions in $B^0 \rightarrow \overline{D}^0 D^+_sπ^-$ and $B^+\rightarrow D^- D^+_sπ^+$ decays are determined with an amplitude analysis, which is performed both separately and simultaneously, where in the latter case isospin symmetry between the decays is assumed. The analysis is based on data collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 $\rm{TeV}$. The full data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 9 $\rm fb^{-1}$. A doubly charged spin-0 open-charm tetraquark candidate together with a neutral partner, both with masses near $2.9\,\rm{GeV}$, are observed in the $D_sπ$ decay channel.

hep-ex↗

First observation of a doubly charged tetraquark and its neutral partner

A combined amplitude analysis is performed for the decays $B^0 \rightarrow \overline{D}^0 D^+_sπ^-$ and $B^+\rightarrow D^- D^+_sπ^+$, which are related by isospin symmetry. The analysis is based on data collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13$\,\rm{TeV}$. The full data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 9$\,\rm{fb^{-1}}$. Two new resonant states with masses of $2.908\pm0.011\pm0.020\,\rm{GeV}$ and widths of $0.136\pm0.023\pm0.011\,\rm{GeV}$ are observed, which decay to $D^+_sπ^+$ and $D^+_sπ^-$ respectively. The former state indicates the first observation of a doubly charged open-charm tetraquark state with minimal quark content $[c\bar{s}u\bar{d}]$, and the latter state is a neutral tetraquark composed of $[c\bar{s}\bar{u}d]$ quarks. Both states are found to have spin-parity $0^+$, and their resonant parameters are consistent with each other, which suggests that they belong to an isospin triplet.

hep-ex↗

Amplitude analysis of the $Λ^+_c\to pK^-π^+$ decay and $Λ^+_c$ baryon polarization measurement in semileptonic beauty hadron decays

An amplitude analysis of $Λ^+_c \to pK^-π^+$ decays together with a measurement of the $Λ^+_c$ polarization vector in semileptonic beauty hadron decays is presented. A sample of $400\,000$ candidates is selected from proton-proton collisions recorded by the LHCb detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. An amplitude model is developed and the resonance fractions as well as two- and three-body decay parameters are reported. The mass and width of the $Λ(2000)$ state are also determined. A significant $Λ^+_c$ polarization is found. A large sensitivity of the $Λ^+_c \to pK^-π^+$ decay to the polarization is seen, making the amplitude model suitable for $Λ^+_c$ polarization measurements in other systems.

hep-ex↗

Nuclear modification factor of neutral pions in the forward and backward regions in $p$-Pb collisions

The nuclear modification factor of neutral pions is measured in proton-lead collisions collected at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon of $8.16~{\rm TeV}$ with the LHCb detector. The $π^0$ production cross section is measured differentially in transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) for $1.5<p_{\rm T}<10.0~{\rm GeV}$ and in center-of-mass pseudorapidity ($η_{\rm c.m.}$) regions $2.5<η_{\rm c.m.}<3.5$ (forward) and $-4.0<η_{\rm c.m.}<-3.0$ (backward) defined relative to the proton beam direction. The forward measurement shows a sizable suppression of $π^0$ production, while the backward measurement shows the first evidence of $π^0$ enhancement in proton-lead collisions at the LHC. Together, these measurements provide precise constraints on models of nuclear structure and particle production in high-energy nuclear collisions.

nucl-ex↗

Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to B_s^0 π^+)/\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to J/ψπ^+)$

The ratio of branching fractions of $B_c^+ \to B_s^0 π^+$ and $B_c^+ \to J/ψπ^+$ decays is measured with proton-proton collision data of a centre-of-mass energy of $13\text{TeV}$. The data were collected with the LHCb experiment during 2016--2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $5.4 \text{fb}^{-1}$. The $B_s^0$ mesons are reconstructed via the decays $B_s^0 \to J/ψϕ$ and $B_s^0 \to D_s^- π^+$. The ratio of branching fractions is measured to be $\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to B_s^0 π^+)/\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to J/ψπ^+) = 91 \pm 10 \pm 8 \pm 3$ where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic and the third is due to the knowledge of the branching fractions of the intermediate state decays.

hep-ex↗

First observation and branching fraction measurement of the $Λ_b^0\to D_s^- p$ decay

The first observation of the $Λ_b^0\to D_s^- p$ decay is presented using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of ${\sqrt{s}=13 \,\textrm{TeV}}$, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of $6\,\textrm{fb}^{-1}$. Using the $Λ_b^0\toΛ_c^+π^-$ decay as the normalisation mode, the branching fraction of the $Λ_b^0\to D_s^- p$ decay is measured to be ${\mathcal{B}(Λ_b^0\to D_s^- p)=(12.6 \pm 0.5 \pm 0.3 \pm 1.2 )\times 10^{-6}}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third due to uncertainties in the branching fractions of the $Λ_b^0\toΛ_c^+π^-$, $D_s^- \to K^-K^+π^-$ and $Λ_c^+\to p K^- π^+$ decays.

hep-ex↗

Observation of the $B^0_s\!\to D^{*+}D^{*-}$ decay

The first observation of the $B^0_s\!\to D^{*+}D^{*-}$ decay and the measurement of its branching ratio relative to the $B^0\!\to D^{*+}D^{*-}$ decay are presented. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $9\,\text{fb}^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions recorded by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and $13\,\text{TeV}$ between 2011 and 2018. The decay is observed with more than $10$ standard deviations and the time-integrated ratio of branching fractions is determined to be \begin{align*} \frac{\mathcal{B}(B^0_s\!\to D^{*+}D^{*-})}{\mathcal{B}(B^0\!\to D^{*+}D^{*-})} = 0.269 \pm 0.032 \pm 0.011 \pm 0.008\, , \end{align*} where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third due to the uncertainty of the fragmentation fraction ratio $f_s/f_d$. The $B^0_s\!\to D^{*+}D^{*-}$ branching fraction is calculated to be \begin{align*} \mathcal{B}(B^0_s\!\to D^{*+}D^{*-}) = (2.15 \pm 0.26 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.06 \pm 0.16)\times 10^{-4} \,, \end{align*} where the fourth uncertainty is due to the $B^0\!\to D^{*+}D^{*-}$branching fraction. These results are calculated using the average $B^0_s$ meson lifetime in simulation. Correction factors are reported for scenarios where either a purely heavy or a purely light $B^0_s$ eigenstate is considered.

hep-ex↗

The Upgrade I of LHCb VELO -- towards an intelligent monitoring platform

The Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) detector is designed to detect decays of b- and c- hadrons for the study of CP violation and rare decays. At the end of the LHC Run 2, many of the LHCb measurements remained statistically dominated. In order to increase the trigger yield for purely hadronic channels, the hardware trigger will be removed, and the detector will be read out at 40 MHz. This, in combination with the five-fold increase in luminosity, requires radical changes to LHCb's electronics, and, in some cases, the replacement of entire sub-detectors with state-of-the-art detector technologies. The Vertex Locator (VELO) surrounding the interaction region is used to reconstruct the collision points (primary vertices) and decay vertices of long-lived particles (secondary vertices). The upgraded VELO will be composed of 52 modules placed along the beam axis divided into two retractable halves. The modules will each be equipped with 4 silicon hybrid pixel tiles, each read out by 3 VeloPix ASICs. The total output data rate anticipated for the whole detector will be around 1.6 Tbit/s. The highest occupancy ASICs will have pixel hit rates of approximately 900 Mhit/s, with the corresponding output data rate of 15 Gbit/s. The LHCb upgrade detector will be the first detector to read out at the full LHC rate of 40 MHz. The VELO upgrade will utilize the latest detector technologies to read out at this rate while maintaining the required radiation-hard profile and minimizing the detector material.

physics.ins-det↗

Timing performance of the Timepix4 front-end

A characterisation of the Timepix4 pixel front-end with a strong focus on timing performance is presented. Externally generated test pulses were used to probe the per-pixel time-to-digital converter (TDC) and measure the time-bin sizes by precisely controlling the test-pulse arrival time in steps of 10 ps. The results indicate that the TDC can achieve a time resolution of 60 ps, provided that a calibration is performed to compensate for frequency variation in the voltage controlled oscillators of the pixel TDCs. The internal clock distribution system of Timepix4 was used to control the arrival time of internally generated analog test pulses in steps of about 20 ps. The analog test pulse mechanism injects a controlled amount of charge directly into the analog front-end (AFE) of the pixel, and was used to measure the time resolution as a function of signal charge, independently of the TDC. It was shown that for the default configuration, the AFE time resolution in the hole-collecting mode is limited to 105 ps. However, this can be improved up to about 60 ps by increasing the preamplifier bias-current at the cost of increased power dissipation. For the electron-collecting mode, an AFE time resolution of 47 ps was measured for a bare Timepix4 device at a signal charge of 21 ke. It was observed that additional input capacitance from a bonded sensor reduces this figure to 62 ps.

physics.ins-det↗

Spatial resolution and efficiency of prototype sensors for the LHCb VELO Upgrade

A comprehensive study of the spatial resolution and detection efficiency of sensor prototypes developed for the LHCb VELO upgrade is presented. Data samples were collected at the CERN SPS H8 beam line using a hadron mixture of protons and pions with momenta of approximately 180 GeV/c. The sensor performance was characterised using both irradiated and non-irradiated sensors. Irradiated samples were subjected to a maximum fluence of $\mathrm{8\times10^{15}~1~MeV~n_{eq}~cm^{-2}}$, of both protons and neutrons. The spatial resolution is measured comparing the detected hits to the position as predicted by tracks reconstructed by the Timepix3 telescope. The resolution is presented for different applied bias voltages and track angles, sensor thickness and implant size.

physics.ins-det↗

Charge and temporal characterisation of silicon sensors using a two-photon absorption laser

First measurements are presented from a newly commissioned two-photon absorption (TPA) setup at Nikhef. The characterisation of the various components of the system is discussed. Two planar silicon sensors, one being electron collecting and one hole collecting, are characterised with detailed measurements of the charge collection and time resolution. The TPA spot is determined to have a radius of 0.975(11) $μ\text{m}$ and length of 23.8 $μ\text{m}$ in silicon. The trigger time resolution of the system is shown to be maximally 30.4 ps. For both sensors, uniform charge collection is observed over the pixels, and the pixel side metallisation is imaged directly using the TPA technique. The best time resolution for a single pixel is found to be 600 ps and 560 ps for the electron and hole collecting sensors respectively, and is dominated by ASIC contributions. Further scans at different depths in the sensor and positions within the pixels have been performed and show a uniform response. It is concluded that the TPA setup is a powerful tool to investigate the charge collection and temporal properties of silicon sensors.

physics.ins-det↗

Timing measurements with a 3D silicon sensor on Timepix3 in a 180 GeV/c hadron beam

Test beam measurements have been carried out with a 3D sensor on a Timepix3 ASIC and the time measurements are presented. The measurements are compared to those of a thin planar sensor on Timepix3. It is shown that for a perpendicularly incident beam the time resolution of both detectors is dominated by the Timepix3 front-end. The 3D detector is dominated by the time-to-digital conversion whereas the analog front-end jitter also gives a significant contribution for the thin planar detector. The 3D detector reaches an overall time resolution of 567(6)ps compared to 683(8)ps for the thin planar detector. For a grazing angle beam, however, the thin planar detector achieves a better time resolution because it has a lower pixel capacitance, and therefore suffers less from jitter in the analog front-end for the low charge signals that mainly occur in this type of measurement. Finally, it is also shown that the 3D and thin planar detector can achieve time resolutions for large clusters of about 100ps and 250ps, respectively, by combining many single hit measurements.

physics.ins-det↗

Charge collection properties of prototype sensors for the LHCb VELO upgrade

An extensive sensor testing campaign is presented, dedicated to measuring the charge collection properties of prototype candidates for the Vertex Locator (VELO) detector for the upgraded LHCb experiment. The charge collection is measured with sensors exposed to fluences of up to $8 \times 10^{15}~1~\mathrm{\,Me\kern -0.1em V}~ \mathrm{ \,n_{eq}}~{\mathrm{ \,cm}}^{-2}$, as well as with nonirradiated prototypes. The results are discussed, including the influence of different levels of irradiation and bias voltage on the charge collection properties. Charge multiplication is observed on some sensors that were nonuniformly irradiated with 24 GeV protons, to the highest fluence levels. An analysis of the charge collection near the guard ring region is also presented, revealing significant differences between the sensor prototypes. All tested sensor variants succeed in collecting the minimum required charge of 6000 electrons after the exposure to the maximum fluence.

physics.ins-det↗

Timing performance of the LHCb VELO Timepix3 Telescope

We performed a detailed study of the timing performance of the LHCb VELO Timepix3 Telescope with a 180 GeV/c mixed hadron beam at the CERN SPS. A twofold method was developed to improve the resolution of single-plane time measurements, resulting in a more precise overall track time measurement. The first step uses spatial information of reconstructed tracks in combination with the measured signal charge in the sensor to correct for a mixture of different effects: variations in charge carrier drift time; variations in signal induction, which are the result of a non-uniform weighting field in the pixels; and lastly, timewalk in the analog front-end. The second step corrects for systematic timing offsets in Timepix3 that vary from -2 ns to 2 ns. By applying this method, we improved the track time resolution from 438$\,\pm\,$16 ps to 276$\,\pm\,$4 ps.

physics.ins-det↗

The HEV Ventilator

HEV is a low-cost, versatile, high-quality ventilator, which has been designed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ventilator is intended to be used both in and out of hospital intensive care units, and for both invasive and non-invasive ventilation. The hardware can be complemented with an external turbine for use in regions where compressed air supplies are not reliably available. The standard modes provided include PC-A/C(Pressure Assist Control),PC-A/C-PRVC(Pressure Regulated Volume Control), PC-PSV (Pressure Support Ventilation) and CPAP (Continuous Positive airway pressure). HEV is designed to support remote training and post market surveillance via a web interface and data logging to complement the standard touch screen operation, making it suitable for a wide range of geographical deployment. The HEV design places emphasis on the quality of the pressure curves and the reactivity of the trigger, delivering a global performance which will be applicable to ventilator needs beyond theCOVID-19 pandemic. This article describes the conceptual design and presents the prototype units together with their performance evaluation.

physics.med-ph↗

The HEV Ventilator Proposal

We propose the design of a ventilator which can be easily manufactured and integrated into the hospital environment to support COVID-19 patients. The unit is designed to support standard ventilator modes of operation, most importantly PRVC (Pressure Regulated Volume Control) and SIMV-PC (Synchronised Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation) modes. The unit is not yet an approved medical device and is in the concept and prototyping stage. It is presented here to invite fast feedback for development and deployment in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.

physics.med-ph↗

Large Enhancement of Thermoelectric Efficiency Due to a Pressure-Induced Lifshitz Transition in SnSe

Lifshitz transition, a change in Fermi surface topology, is likely to greatly influence exotic correlated phenomena in solids, such as high-temperature superconductivity and complex magnetism. However, since the observation of Fermi surfaces is generally difficult in the strongly correlated systems, a direct link between the Lifshitz transition and quantum phenomena has been elusive so far. Here, we report a marked impact of the pressure-induced Lifshitz transition on thermoelectric performance for SnSe, a promising thermoelectric material without strong electron correlation. By applying pressure up to 1.6 GPa, we have observed a large enhancement of thermoelectric power factor by more than 100% over a wide temperature range (10-300 K). Furthermore, the high carrier mobility enables the detection of quantum oscillations of resistivity, revealing the emergence of new Fermi pockets at ~0.86 GPa. The observed thermoelectric properties linked to the multi-valley band structure are quantitatively reproduced by first-principles calculations, providing novel insight into designing the SnSe-related materials for potential valleytronic as well as thermoelectric applications.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗