arXiv subjects

K. Hagino

Publications and source records attributed to K. Hagino.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

arXiv2000

Mean field theory for global binding systematics

We review some possible improvements of mean field theory for application to nuclear binding systematics. Up to now, microscopic theory has been less successful than models starting from the liquid drop in describing accurately the global binding systematics. We believe that there are good prospects to develop a better global theory, using modern forms of energy density functionals and treating correlation energies systematically by the RPA.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1999

RPA approach to rotational symmetry restoration in a three-level Lipkin model

We study an extended Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model that permits a transition to a deformed phase with a broken continuous symmetry. Unlike simpler models, one sees a persistent zero-frequency Goldstone mode past the transition point into the deformed phase. We found that the RPA formula for the correlation energy provides a useful correction to the Hartree-Fock energy when the number of particle N satisfies N > 3, and becomes accurate for large N. We conclude that the RPA correlation energy formula offers a promising way to improve the Hartree-Fock energy in a systematic theory of nuclear binding energies.

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arXiv1999

Role of break-up processes in fusion enhancement of drip-line nuclei at energies below the Coulomb barrier

We carry out realistic coupled-channels calculations for $^{11}$Be + $^{208}$Pb reaction in order to discuss the effects of break-up of the projectile nucleus on sub-barrier fusion. We discretize in energy the particle continuum states, which are associated with the break-up process, and construct the coupling form factors to these states on a microscopic basis. The incoming boundary condition is employed in solving coupled-channels equations, which enables us to define the flux for complete fusion inside the Coulomb barrier. It is shown that complete fusion cross sections are significantly enhanced due to the couplings to the continuum states compared with the no coupling case at energies below the Coulomb barrier, while they are hindered at above barrier energies.

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arXiv1999

Coupled-channels analysis of the $^{\bf 16}$O+$^{\bf 208}$Pb fusion barrier distribution

Analyses using simplified coupled-channels models have been unable to describe the shape of the previously measured fusion barrier distribution for the doubly magic $^{16}$O+$^{208}$Pb system. This problem was investigated by re-measuring the fission excitation function for $^{16}$O+$^{208}$Pb with improved accuracy and performing more exact coupled-channels calculations, avoiding the constant-coupling and first-order coupling approximations often used in simplified analyses. Couplings to the single- and 2-phonon states of $^{208}$Pb, correctly taking into account the excitation energy and the phonon character of these states, particle transfers, and the effects of varying the diffuseness of the nuclear potential, were all explored. However, in contrast to other recent analyses of precise fusion data, no satisfactory simultaneous description of the shape of the experimental barrier distribution and the fusion cross-sections for $^{16}$O+$^{208}$Pb was obtained.

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arXiv1999

A program for coupled-channels calculations with all order couplings for heavy-ion fusion reactions

A FORTRAN77 program is presented that calculates fusion cross sections and mean angular momenta of the compound nucleus under the influence of couplings between the relative motion and several nuclear collective motions. The no-Coriolis approximation is employed to reduce the dimension of coupled-channels equations. The program takes into account the effects of non-linear couplings to all orders, which have been shown to play an important role in heavy-ion fusion reactions at subbarrier energies.

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arXiv1999

Anharmonic collective excitation in a solvable model

We apply the time-dependent variational principle, the nuclear field theory, and the boson expansion method to the Lipkin model to discuss anharmonicities of collective vibrational excitations. It is shown that all of these approaches lead to the same anharmonicity to leading order in the number of particles. Comparison with the exact solution of the Lipkin model shows that these theories reproduce it quite well.

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arXiv1999

How harmonic is dipole resonance of metal clusters?

We discuss the degree of anharmonicity of dipole plasmon resonances in metal clusters. We employ the time-dependent variational principle and show that the relative shift of the second phonon scales as $N^{-4/3}$ in energy, $N$ being the number of particles. This scaling property coincides with that for nuclear giant resonances. Contrary to the previous study based on the boson-expansion method, the deviation from the harmonic limit is found to be almost negligible for Na clusters, the result being consistent with the recent experimental observation.

physics.atm-clus↗

arXiv1999

Fusion versus Breakup: Observation of Large Fusion Suppression for ^9Be + ^{208}Pb

Complete fusion excitation functions for $^{9}$Be + $^{208}$Pb have been measured to high precision at near barrier energies. The experimental fusion barrier distribution extracted from these data allows reliable prediction of the expected complete fusion cross-sections. However, the measured cross-sections are only 68% of those predicted. The large cross-sections observed for incomplete fusion products support the interpretation that this suppression of fusion is caused by $^{9}$Be breaking up into charged fragments before reaching the fusion barrier. Implications for the fusion of radioactive nuclei are discussed.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv1998

Bremsstrahlung in $α$ Decay

A quantum mechanical analysis of the bremsstrahlung in $α$ decay of $^{210}$Po is performed in close reference to a semiclassical theory. We clarify the contribution from the tunneling, mixed, outside barrier regions and from the wall of the inner potential well to the final spectral distribution, and discuss their interplay. We also comment on the validity of semiclassical calculations, and the possibility to eliminate the ambiguity in the nuclear potential between the alpha particle and daughter nucleus using the bremsstrahlung spectrum.

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arXiv1998

Effects of finite width of excited states on heavy-ion sub-barrier fusion reactions

We discuss the effects of coupling of the relative motion to nuclear collective excitations which have a finite lifetime on heavy-ion fusion reactions at energies near and below the Coulomb barrier. Both spreading and escape widths are explicitly taken into account in the exit doorway model. The coupled-channels equations are numerically solved to show that the finite resonance width always hinders fusion cross sections at subbarrier energies irrespective of the relative importance between the spreading and the escape widths. We also show that the structure of fusion barrier distribution is smeared due to the spreading of the strength of the doorway state.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1997

Excitation of nuclear anharmonic vibrations in heavy-ion fusion reactions

We discuss the effects of multi-phonon excitations on heavy-ion fusion reactions at energies near and below the Coulomb barrier, focusing especially on the role of anharmonicities. We carry out a systematic study of those effects on the excitation function of the fusion cross section and on the fusion barrier distribution, by using the vibrational limit of the interacting boson model. We also analyze the recently measured high-precision data of the $^{16}$O + $^{148}$Sm fusion reaction with this model and discuss the anharmonic properties of the quadrupole as well as the octupole vibrations in $^{148}$Sm. Negative and positive static quadrupole moments are deduced for the first 2$^+$ and 3$^-$ states in $^{148}$Sm, respectively. It is shown that the fusion barrier distribution strongly depends on the sign of the quadrupole moments, suggesting that subbarrier fusion reactions offer an alternative method to extract the static quadrupole moments of phonon states in spherical nuclei.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1997

Anharmonic phonon excitations in subbarrier fusion reactions

Recently measured high precision data of fusion excitation function have enabled a detailed study on the effects of nuclear collective excitations on fusion reactions. Using such highly accurate data of the $^{16}$O + $^{144,148}$Sm reactions, we discuss the anharmonic properties of collective phonon excitations in $^{144,148}$Sm nuclei. It is shown that subbarrier fusion reactions are strongly affected by the anharmonic effects and thus offer an alternative method to extract the static quadrupole moments of phonon states in a spherical nucleus.

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arXiv1997

Barrier Distributions as a Tool to Investigate Fusion and Fission

The recent availability of precisely measured fusion cross-sections has enabled the extraction of a representation of the distribution of barriers encountered during fusion. These representations, obtained from a variety of reactions, provide a direct observation of how the structure of the fusing nuclei changes the inter-nuclear potential landscape, thus affecting the fusion probability. Recent experiments showing the effects of static quadrupole and hexadecapole deformation, single-- and double-phonon states, transfer of nucleons between two nuclei, and high lying excited states are reviewed. The application of these concepts to the explanation of the anomalous fission-fragment anisotropies observed following reactions with actinides is discussed.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv1997

Evidence of Double Phonon Excitations in ^{16}O + ^{208}Pb Reaction

The fusion cross-sections for ^{16}O + ^{208}Pb, measured to high precision, enable the extraction of the distribution of fusion barriers. This shows a structure markedly different from the single-barrier which might be expected for fusion of two doubly-closed shell nuclei. The results of exact coupled channel calculations performed to understand the observations are presented. These calculations indicate that coupling to a double octupole phonon excited state in ^{208}Pb is necessary to explain the experimental barrier distributions.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv1997

Probing anharmonic properties of nuclear surface vibration by heavy-ion fusion reactions

Describing fusion reactions between ^{16}O and ^{154}Dy and, between ^{16}O and ^{144}Sm by the $sd-$ and $sdf-$ interacting boson model, we show that heavy-ion fusion reactions are strongly affected by anharmonic properties of nuclear surface vibrations and nuclear shape, and thus provide a powerful method to study details of nuclear structure and dynamics.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1997

Importance of Non-Linear Couplings in Fusion Barrier Distributions and Mean Angular Momenta

The effects of higher order coupling of surface vibrations to the relative motion on heavy-ion fusion reactions at near-barrier energies are investigated. The coupled channels equations are solved to all orders, and also in the linear and the quadratic coupling approximations. It is shown that the shape of fusion barrier distributions and the energy dependence of the average angular momentum of the compound nucleus can significantly change when the higher order couplings are included. The role of octupole vibrational excitation of ^{16}O in the ^{16}O + ^{144}Sm fusion reaction is also discussed using the all order coupled-channels equations.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1997

Fusion barrier distributions in systems with finite excitation energy

Eigen-channel approach to heavy-ion fusion reactions is exact only when the excitation energy of the intrinsic motion is zero. In order to take into account effects of finite excitation energy, we introduce an energy dependence to weight factors in the eigen-channel approximation. Using two channel problem, we show that the weight factors are slowly changing functions of incident energy. This suggests that the concept of the fusion barrier distribution still holds to a good approximation even when the excitation energy of the intrinsic motion is finite. A transition to the adiabatic tunneling, where the coupling leads to a static potential renormalization, is also discussed.

nucl-th↗

arXiv1997

Role of anharmonicities of nuclear vibrations in fusion reactions at subbarrier energies

We discuss the effects of double octupole and quadrupole phonon excitations in $^{144}$Sm on fusion reactions between $^{16}$O and $^{144}$Sm at subbarrier energies. The effects of anharmonicities of the vibrational states are taken into account by using the $sdf$-interacting boson model. We compare the results with those in the harmonic limit to show that anharmonicities play an essential role in reproducing the experimental fusion barrier distribution. From the analysis of the high quality fusion data available for this system, we deduce negative static quadrupole moments for both the first 2$^{+}$ and 3$^{-}$ states in $^{144}$Sm. This is the first time that the sign of static quadrupole moments of phonon states in a spherical nucleus is determined from the data of subbarrier fusion reactions.

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