arXiv subjects

K. Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to K. Kondo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2018

Search for muoproduction of $X(3872)$ at COMPASS and indication of a new state $\widetilde{X}(3872)$

We have searched for exclusive production of exotic charmonia in the reaction $μ^+~N \rightarrow μ^+ (J\!/\!ψπ^+π^-)π^{\pm}~N'$ using COMPASS data collected with incoming muons of 160 GeV/$c$ and 200 GeV/$c$ momentum. In the $J\!/\!ψπ^+π^-$ mass distribution we observe a signal with a statistical significance of 4.1 $σ$. Its mass and width are consistent with those of the $X(3872)$. The shape of the $π^+π^-$ mass distribution from the observed decay into $J\!/\!ψπ^+π^-$ shows disagreement with previous observations for $X(3872)$. The observed signal may be interpreted as a possible evidence of a new charmonium state. It could be associated with a neutral partner of $X(3872)$ with $C = -1$ predicted by a tetraquark model. The product of cross section and branching fraction of the decay of the observed state into $J\!/\!ψπ^+π^-$ is determined to be 71$\pm$28(stat)$\pm$39(syst) pb.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2018

Whispering gallery effect in relativistic optics

A relativistic laser pulse, confined in a cylindrical target, performs multiple scattering along the target surface. The confinement property of the target results in a very effcient interaction. This proccess, which is just yet another example of the "whispering gallery" effect, may pronounce itself in plenty of physical phenomena, including surface grazing electron acceleration and generation of relativistic magnetized plasma structures.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2017

Laser electron acceleration on curved surfaces

Electron acceleration by relativistically intense laser beam propagating along a curved surface allows to split softly the accelerated electron bunch and the laser beam. The presence of a curved surface allows to switch an adiabatic invariant of electrons in the wave instantly leaving the gained energy to the particles. The efficient acceleration is provided by the presence of strong transient quasistationary fields in the interaction region and a long efficient acceleration length. The curvature of the surface allows to select the accelerated particles and provides their narrow angular distribution. The mechanism at work is explicitly demonstrated in theoretical models and experiments.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2017

Longitudinal double-spin asymmetry $A_1^{\rm p}$ and spin-dependent structure function $g_1^{\rm p}$ of the proton at small values of $x$ and $Q^2$

We present a precise measurement of the proton longitudinal double-spin asymmetry $A_1^{\rm p}$ and the proton spin-dependent structure function $g_1^{\rm p}$ at photon virtualities $0.006~({\rm GeV}/c)^2<Q^2 < 1~({\rm GeV}/c)^2$ in the Bjorken $x$ range of $4 \times 10^{-5} < x < 4 \times 10^{-2}$. The results are based on data collected by the COMPASS Collaboration at CERN using muon beam energies of $160~{\rm GeV}$ and $200~{\rm GeV}$. The statistical precision is more than tenfold better than that of the previous measurement in this region. In the whole range of $x$, the measured values of $A_1^{\rm p}$ and $g_1^{\rm p}$ are found to be positive. It is for the first time that spin effects are found at such low values of $x$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2017

Polarised target for Drell-Yan experiment in COMPASS at CERN, part I

In the polarised Drell-Yan experiment at the COMPASS facility in CERN pion beam with momentum of 190 GeV/c and intensity about $10^8$ pions/s interacted with transversely polarised NH$_3$ target. Muon pairs produced in Drel-Yan process were detected. The measurement was done in 2015 as the 1st ever polarised Drell-Yan fixed target experiment. The hydrogen nuclei in the solid-state NH$_3$ were polarised by dynamic nuclear polarisation in 2.5 T field of large-acceptance superconducting magnet. Large helium dilution cryostat was used to cool the target down below 100 mK. Polarisation of hydrogen nuclei reached during the data taking was about 80 %. Two oppositely polarised target cells, each 55 cm long and 4 cm in diameter were used. Overview of COMPASS facility and the polarised target with emphasis on the dilution cryostat and magnet is given. Results of the polarisation measurement in the Drell-Yan run and overviews of the target material, cell and dynamic nuclear polarisation system are given in the part II.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2017

Radiation Dominated Electromagnetic Shield

We analyze the collision of a high energy electron beam with an oscillating electric and magnetic field configuration, which represents a three-dimensional standing electromagnetic wave. The radiating electrons are stopped at the distance of the order of or less than the electromagnetic wave wavelength, and become trapped near the electric field local maxima due to the nonlinear dependence of the radiation friction force on the electromagnetic field strength, while the quantum effects on the radiation friction remain negligible.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2017

First measurement of transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries in the Drell-Yan process

The first measurement of transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries in the pion-induced Drell-Yan (DY) process is reported. We use the CERN SPS 190 GeV/$c$, $π^{-}$ beam and a transversely polarized ammonia target. Three azimuthal asymmetries giving access to different transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) are extracted using dimuon events with invariant mass between 4.3 GeV/$c^2$ and 8.5 GeV/$c^2$. The observed sign of the Sivers asymmetry is found to be consistent with the fundamental prediction of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) that the Sivers TMD PDFs extracted from DY have a sign opposite to the one extracted from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) data. We present two other asymmetries originating from the pion Boer-Mulders TMD PDFs convoluted with either the nucleon transversity or pretzelosity TMD PDFs. These DY results are obtained at a hard scale comparable to that of a recent COMPASS SIDIS measurement and hence allow unique tests of fundamental QCD universality predictions.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2017

Resonance Production and $ππ$ S-wave in $π^- + p \rightarrow π^- π^- π^+ + p_{recoil}$ at 190 GeV/c

The COMPASS collaboration has collected the currently largest data set on diffractively produced $π^-π^-π^+$ final states using a negative pion beam of 190 GeV/c momentum impinging on a stationary proton target. This data set allows for a systematic partial-wave analysis in 100 bins of three-pion mass, $0.5 < m_{3π} < 2.5$ GeV/c$^2$ , and in 11 bins of the reduced four-momentum transfer squared, $0.1 < t < 1.0$ (GeV/c)$^2$ . This two-dimensional analysis offers sensitivity to genuine one-step resonance production, i.e. the production of a state followed by its decay, as well as to more complex dynamical effects in nonresonant $3π$ production. In this paper, we present detailed studies on selected $3π$ partial waves with $J^{PC} = 0^{-+}$, $1^{++}$, $2^{-+}$, $2^{++}$, and $4^{++}$. In these waves, we observe the well-known ground-state mesons as well as a new narrow axial-vector meson $a_1(1420)$ decaying into $f_0(980) π$. In addition, we present the results of a novel method to extract the amplitude of the $π^-π^+$ subsystem with $I^{G}J^{PC} = 0^+ 0^{++}$ in various partial waves from the $π^-π^-π^+$ data. Evidence is found for correlation of the $f_0(980)$ and $f_0(1500)$ appearing as intermediate $π^- π^+$ isobars in the decay of the known $π(1800)$ and $π_2(1880)$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Observation of a new narrow axial-vector meson $a_1(1420)$

The COMPASS collaboration at CERN has measured diffractive dissociation of 190 GeV/$c$ pions into the $π^-π^-π^+$ final state using a stationary hydrogen target. A partial-wave analysis (PWA) was performed in bins of $3π$ mass and four-momentum transfer using the isobar model and the so far largest PWA model consisting of 88 waves. A narrow $J^{PC} = 1^{++}$ signal is observed in the $f_0(980)\,π$ channel. We present a resonance-model study of a subset of the spin-density matrix selecting $3π$ states with $J^{PC} = 2^{++}$ and $4^{++}$ decaying into $ρ(770)\,π$ and with $J^{PC} = 1^{++}$ decaying into $f_0(980)\,π$. We identify a new $a_1$ meson with mass $(1414^{+15}_{-13})$ MeV/$c^2$ and width $(153^{+8}_{-23})$ MeV/$c^2$. Within the final states investigated in our analysis, we observe the new $a_1(1420)$ decaying only into $f_0(980)\,π$, suggesting its exotic nature.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Burst intensification by singularity emitting radiation in multi-stream flows

In various media the elementary components can emit traveling waves such as electromagnetic, gravitational or acoustic types. If these elementary emitters are synchronized, the resulting emission is coherent. Moreover, the faster the emitters approach an observer, the more intense and directional their apparent emission is, with associated frequency increase. Multi-stream flows ubiquitously occur in media (such as with shock waves and jets in astrophysical and laboratory plasmas) and produce fast moving density singularities, where high concentration and synchronism can bring constructive interference. However, a singularity emitting such characteristic coherent radiation has not been demonstrated yet. We show this general phenomenon in laser-driven relativistic plasma, which is an ideal medium for realizing these effects in the laboratory under controllable conditions. Our experiments and simulations reveal bright coherent soft x-ray radiation from nanoscale electron density singularities in multi-stream plasma. They constitute a new compact x-ray source of ultrashort duration, demanded in numerous applications. In general, singularities can be bright sources of other types of traveling waves. Thus our findings open new opportunities in different fields of science. For example, gravitational wave generation, as proposed in ultrahigh-energy accelerators, can be significantly enhanced by intentionally induced density singularities in the particle bunches. Further, we anticipate that multi-stream flows in cosmic media can produce intense bursts of coherent electromagnetic and/or gravitational waves, especially at longer wavelengths which facilitate constructive interference. We can then expect to observe more directional short wavelength bursts from cosmic emitters approaching at relativistic speeds. Thus, we present a new framework for interpreting a broad range of experimental results.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2016

Laser-ion acceleration via anomalous electron heating

Using a kilojoule class laser, we demonstrate for the first time that high-contrast picosecond pulses are advantageous for ion acceleration. We show that a laser pulse with optimum duration and a large focal spot accelerates electrons beyond the ponderomotive energy. This anomalous electron heating enables efficient ion acceleration reaching 52 MeV at an intensity of 1.2X10^19 Wcm^-2. The proton energy observed agrees quantitatively with a one-dimensional plasma expansion model newly developed by taking the anomalous heating effect into account. The heating process is confirmed by both measurements with an electron spectrometer and a one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. By extending the pulse duration to 6 ps, 5% energy conversion efficiency to protons (50 J out of 1 kJ laser energy) is achieved with an intensity of 10^18-Wcm^-2. The present results are quite encouraging for realizing ion-driven fast ignition and novel ion beamlines.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2016

Flexible heat-flow sensing sheets based on the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect using one-dimensional spin-current conducting films

We demonstrated a flexible thermoelectric (TE) sheet based on the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) that is especially suitable for heat-flow sensing applications. This TE sheet contained a Ni0.2Zn0.3Fe2.5O4 film which was formed on a flexible plastic sheet using a spray-coating method known as ferrite plating. The experimental results suggest that the ferrite-plated film, which has a columnar crystal structure aligned perpendicular to the film plane, functions as a unique one-dimensional spin-current conductor suitable for bendable LSSE-based sensors.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2015

Longitudinal double spin asymmetries in single hadron quasi-real photoproduction at high $p_T$

We measured the longitudinal double spin asymmetries $A_{LL}$ for single hadron muo-production off protons and deuterons at photon virtuality $Q^2$ < 1(GeV/$\it c$)$^2$ for transverse hadron momenta $p_T$ in the range 0.7 GeV/$\it c$ to 4 GeV/$\it c$ . They were determined using COMPASS data taken with a polarised muon beam of 160 GeV/$\it c$ or 200 GeV/$\it c$ impinging on polarised $\mathrm{{}^6LiD}$ or $\mathrm{NH_3}$ targets. The experimental asymmetries are compared to next-to-leading order pQCD calculations, and are sensitive to the gluon polarisation $ΔG$ inside the nucleon in the range of the nucleon momentum fraction carried by gluons $0.05 < x_g < 0.2$.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2015

Interplay among transversity induced asymmetries in hadron leptoproduction

In the fragmentation of a transversely polarized quark several left-right asymmetries are possible for the hadrons in the jet. When only one unpolarized hadron is selected, it exhibits an azimuthal modulation known as Collins effect. When a pair of oppositely charged hadrons is observed, three asymmetries can be considered, a di-hadron asymmetry and two single hadron asymmetries. In lepton deep inelastic scattering on transversely polarized nucleons all these asymmetries are coupled with the transversity distribution. From the high statistics COMPASS data on oppositely charged hadron-pair production we have investigated for the first time the dependence of these three asymmetries on the difference of the azimuthal angles of the two hadrons. The similarity of transversity induced single and di-hadron asymmetries is discussed. A new analysis of the data allows to establish quantitative relationships among them, providing for the first time strong experimental indication that the underlying fragmentation mechanisms are all driven by a common physical process.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2015

Ion Acceleration via "Nonlinear Vacuum Heating" by the Laser Pulse Obliquely Incident on a Thin Foil Target

Dependence of the energy of ions accelerated during interaction of the laser pulse obliquelly incident on the thin foil target on the laser polarization is studied experimentally and theoretically. We found that the ion energy being maximal for the p-polarization gradually decreases when the pulse becomes s-polarized. The experimentally found dependences of the ion energy are explained by invoking the anomalous electron heating which results in high electrostatic potential formation at the target surface. Anomalous heating of electrons beyond the energy of quiver motion in the laser field is described within the framework of theoretical model of driven oscillator with a step-like nonlinearity. We have demonstrated that the electron anomalous heating can be realized in two regimes: nonlinear resonance and stochastic heating, depending on the extent of stochasticity. We have found the accelerated ion energy scaling determined by the laser intensity, pulse duration, polarization angle and incident angle.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2015

Stochastic Regimes in the Driven Oscillator with a Step-Like Nonlinearity

A nonlinear oscillator with an abruptly inhomogeneous restoring force driven by an uniform oscillating force exhibits stochastic properties under specific resonance conditions. This behaviour elucidates the elementary mechanism of the electron energization in the strong electromagnetic wave interaction with thin targets.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2015

The Spin Structure Function $g_1^{\rm p}$ of the Proton and a Test of the Bjorken Sum Rule

New results for the double spin asymmetry $A_1^{\rm p}$ and the proton longitudinal spin structure function $g_1^{\rm p}$ are presented. They were obtained by the COMPASS collaboration using polarised 200 GeV muons scattered off a longitudinally polarised NH$_3$ target. The data were collected in 2011 and complement those recorded in 2007 at 160\,GeV, in particular at lower values of $x$. They improve the statistical precision of $g_1^{\rm p}(x)$ by about a factor of two in the region $x\lesssim 0.02$. A next-to-leading order QCD fit to the $g_1$ world data is performed. It leads to a new determination of the quark spin contribution to the nucleon spin, $ΔΣ$ ranging from 0.26 to 0.36, and to a re-evaluation of the first moment of $g_1^{\rm p}$. The uncertainty of $ΔΣ$ is mostly due to the large uncertainty in the present determinations of the gluon helicity distribution. A new evaluation of the Bjorken sum rule based on the COMPASS results for the non-singlet structure function $g_1^{\rm NS}(x,Q^2)$ yields as ratio of the axial and vector coupling constants $|g_{\rm A}/g_{\rm V}| = 1.22 \pm 0.05~({\rm stat.}) \pm 0.10~({\rm syst.})$, which validates the sum rule to an accuracy of about 9\%.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2014

Measurement of radiative widths of $a_2(1320)$ and $π_2(1670)$

The COMPASS Collaboration at CERN has investigated the reaction $π^- γ\rightarrow π^-π^-π^+$ embedded in the Primakoff reaction of $190~\textrm{GeV}$ pions scattering in the Coulomb field of a lead target, $π^- \text{Pb} \rightarrow π^-π^-π^+ \text{Pb}$. Exchange of quasi-real photons is selected by isolating the sharp Coulomb peak observed at momentum transfer below $0.001~(\text{GeV}/c)^2$. Using a partial-wave analysis the amplitudes and relative phases of the $a_2(1320)$ and $π_2(1670)$ mesons have been extracted, and the Coulomb and the diffractive contributions have been disentangled. Measuring absolute production cross sections we have determined the radiative width of the $a_2(1320)$ to be $Γ_0(a_2(1320) \rightarrow πγ) = (358 \pm 6_{\textrm{stat}} \pm 42_{\textrm{syst}})~\textrm{keV}$. As the first measurement, $Γ_0(π_2(1670) \rightarrow πγ) = (181 \pm 11_{\textrm{stat}} \pm 27_{\textrm{syst}})~\textrm{keV} \cdot (\textrm{BR}^{\textrm{PDG}}_{f_2 π}/\textrm{BR}_{f_2 π})$ is obtained for the radiative width of the $π_2(1670)$, where in this analysis the branching ratio $\textrm{BR}^{\textrm{PDG}}_{f_2 π}=0.56$ has been used. We compare these values to previous measurements and theoretical predictions.

hep-ex↗