arXiv subjects

K. Nagai

Publications and source records attributed to K. Nagai.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2011

Sub-gap in the Edge States of 2-D Chiral Superconductor with Rough Surface

We discuss the rough surface effects on a two-dimensional chiral $k_x+ik_y$ superconductor. The atomic scale roughness at the surface is considered using the random $S$ matrix model. The roughness effects on the self-consistent order parameter, the surface mass current and the surface density of states are studied using the quasi-classical theory. We find that the surface mass current is suppressed by the surface roughness. The surface density of states shows a quite similar behavior to that of superfluid ${}^3$He B phase. When the surface is specular, the surface Andreev bound states form a band which fills the bulk energy gap $Δ_{\rm bulk}$. When the surface becomes diffusive, there occurs a sharp upper edge of the surface bound states band and there opens a sub-gap between the edge and the bulk energy gap. We show that this sub-gap is induced by the repulsion between the surface bound states and the propagating Bogoliubov quasi-particles through the second order process of roughness.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2010

Surface Majorana Cone of the Superfluid $^3$He B Phase

The superfluid $^3$He B phase, one of the oldest unconventional fermionic condensates experimentally realized, is recently predicted to support Majorana fermion surface states. Majorana fermion, which is characterized by the equivalence of particle and antiparticle, has a linear dispersion relation referred to as the Majorana cone. We measured the transverse acoustic impedance $Z$ of the superfluid$^3$He B phase changing its boundary condition and found a growth of peak in $Z$ on a higher specularity wall. Our theoretical analysis indicates that the variation of $Z$ is induced by the formation of the cone-like dispersion relation and thus confirms the important feature of the Majorana fermion in the specular limit.

cond-mat.other↗

arXiv2009

Proximity effect between a dirty Fermi liquid and superfluid 3He

The proximity effect in superfluid $^3$He partly filled with high porosity aerogel is discussed. This system can be regarded as a dirty Fermi liquid/spin-triplet p-wave superfluid junction. Our attention is mainly paid to the case when the dirty layer is in the normal state owing to the impurity pair-breaking effect by the aerogel. We use the quasiclassical Green's function to determine self-consistently the spatial variations of the p-wave order parameter and the impurity self-energy. On the basis of the fully self-consistent calculation, we analyze the spatial dependence of the pair function (anomalous Green's function). The spin-triplet pair function has in general even-frequency odd-parity and odd-frequency even-parity components. We show that the admixture of the even- and odd-frequency pairs occurs near the aerogel/superfluid $^3$He-B interface. Among those Cooper pairs, only the odd-frequency s-wave pair can penetrate deep into the aerogel layer. As a result, the proximity-induced superfluidity in a thick aerogel layer is dominated by the Cooper pair with the odd-frequency s-wave symmetry. We also analyze the local density of states and show that it has a characteristic zero-energy peak reflecting the existence of the odd-frequency s-wave pair, in agreement with previous works using the Usadel equation.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2007

Ultrasound attenuation of superfluid $^{3}$He in aerogel

We have performed longitudinal ultrasound (9.5 MHz) attenuation measurements in the B-phase of superfluid $^3$He in 98% porosity aerogel down to the zero temperature limit for a wide range of pressures at zero magnetic field. The absolute attenuation was determined by direct transmission of sound pulses. Compared to the bulk fluid, our results revealed a drastically different behavior in attenuation, which is consistent with theoretical accounts with gapless excitations and a collision drag effect.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2005

Scaling test of fermion actions in the Schwinger model

We discuss the scaling behaviour of different fermion actions in dynamical simulations of the 2-dimensional massive Schwinger model. We have chosen Wilson, hypercube, twisted mass and overlap fermion actions. As physical observables, the pion mass and the scalar condensate are computed for the above mentioned actions at a number of coupling values and fermion masses. We also discuss possibilities to simulate overlap fermions dynamically avoiding problems with low-lying eigenvalues of the overlap kernel.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2005

Twisted mass fermions: neutral pion masses from disconnected contributions

Twisted mass fermions allow light quarks to be explored but with the consequence that there are mass splittings, such as between the neutral and charged pion. Using a direct calculation of the connected neutral pion correlator and stochastic methods to evaluate the disconnected correlations, we determine the neutral pion mass. We explore the dependence on lattice spacing and quark mass in quenched QCD. For dynamical QCD, we determine the sign of the splitting which is linked, via chiral PT, to the nature of the phase transition at small quark mass.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2005

Flavour Breaking Effects of Wilson twisted mass fermions

We study the flavour breaking effects appearing in the Wilson twisted mass formulation of lattice QCD. In this quenched study, we focus on the mass splitting between the neutral and the charged pion, determining the neutral pion mass with a stochastic noise method to evaluate the disconnected contributions. We find that these disconnected contributions are significant. Using the Osterwalder-Seiler interpretation of the connected piece of the neutral pion correlator, we compute the corresponding neutral pion mass to study with more precision the scaling behaviour of the mass splitting.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2005

Synchrony of limit-cycle oscillators induced by random external impulses

The mechanism of phase synchronization between uncoupled limit-cycle oscillators induced by common external impulsive forcing is analyzed. By reducing the dynamics of the oscillator to a random phase map, it is shown that phase synchronization generally occurs when the oscillator is driven by weak external impulses in the limit of large inter-impulse intervals. The case where the inter-impulse intervals are finite is also analyzed perturbatively for small impulse intensity. For weak Poissonian impulses, it is shown that the phase synchronization persists up to the first order approximation.

nlin.AO↗

arXiv2003

Collision Drag Effect on Two-Fluid Hydrodynamics of Superfluid 3He in Aerogel

Sound propagation in superfluid $^3$He in aerogel is studied on the basis of a two-fluid model taking into account the effect by the drag force due to collisions between $^3$He-quasiparticles and aerogel molecules. The drag force plays a role of frictional force between the aerogel and the normal-fluid component. In local equilibrium, they move together in accordance with McKenna {\it et al.}'s model. The deviation from the local equilibrium leads to the damping of sound. We give explicit expressions for the attenuation of longitudinal sounds in this system. We also discuss the sound propagation in a superfluid ${}^3$He-aerogel system embedded in a narrow pore. It is shown that the forth sound propagates in such a system because of the clamping of the normal fluid by the aerogel.

cond-mat↗

arXiv2002

Generation of High Quality Laser Accelerated Ion Beams

In order to achieve a high quality, i. e. monoergetic, intense ion beam, we propose the use of a double layer target. The first layer, at the target front, consists of high-Z atoms, while the second (rear) layer is a thin coating of low-Z atoms. The high quality proton beams from the double layer target, irradiated by an ultra-intense laser pulse, are demonstrated with three dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2002

Light Hadron Spectrum and Quark Masses from Quenched Lattice QCD

We present details of simulations for the light hadron spectrum in quenched QCD carried out on the CP-PACS parallel computer. Simulations are made with the Wilson quark action and the plaquette gauge action on 32^3x56 - 64^3x112 lattices at four lattice spacings (a \approx 0.1-0.05 fm) and the spatial extent of 3 fm. Hadronic observables are calculated at five quark masses (m_{PS}/m_V \approx 0.75 - 0.4), assuming the u and d quarks being degenerate but treating the s quark separately. We find that the presence of quenched chiral singularities is supported from an analysis of the pseudoscalar meson data. We take m_π, m_ρand m_K (or m_ϕ) as input. After chiral and continuum extrapolations, the agreement of the calculated mass spectrum with experiment is at a 10% level. In comparison with the statistical accuracy of 1-3% and systematic errors of at most 1.7% we have achieved, this demonstrates a failure of the quenched approximation for the hadron spectrum: the meson hyperfine splitting is too small, and the octet masses and the decuplet mass splittings are both smaller than experiment. Light quark masses are calculated using two definitions: the conventional one and the one based on the axial-vector Ward identity. The two results converge toward the continuum limit, yielding m_{ud}=4.29(14)^{+0.51}_{-0.79} MeV. The s quark mass depends on the strange hadron mass chosen for input: m_s = 113.8(2.3)^{+5.8}_{-2.9} MeV from m_K and m_s = 142.3(5.8)^{+22.0}_{-0} MeV from m_ϕ, indicating again a failure of the quenched approximation. We obtain Λ_{\bar{MS}}^{(0)}= 219.5(5.4) MeV. An O(10%) deviation from experiment is observed in the pseudoscalar meson decay constants.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2002

Charmonium Spectrum from Quenched Anisotropic Lattice QCD

We present a detailed study of the charmonium spectrum using anisotropic lattice QCD. We first derive a tree-level improved clover quark action on the anisotropic lattice for arbitrary quark mass. The heavy quark mass dependences of the improvement coefficients, i.e. the ratio of the hopping parameters $ζ=K_t/K_s$ and the clover coefficients $c_{s,t}$, are examined at the tree level. We then compute the charmonium spectrum in the quenched approximation employing $ξ= a_s/a_t = 3$ anisotropic lattices. Simulations are made with the standard anisotropic gauge action and the anisotropic clover quark action at four lattice spacings in the range $a_s$=0.07-0.2 fm. The clover coefficients $c_{s,t}$ are estimated from tree-level tadpole improvement. On the other hand, for the ratio of the hopping parameters $ζ$, we adopt both the tree-level tadpole-improved value and a non-perturbative one. We calculate the spectrum of S- and P-states and their excitations. The results largely depend on the scale input even in the continuum limit, showing a quenching effect. When the lattice spacing is determined from the $1P-1S$ splitting, the deviation from the experimental value is estimated to be $\sim$30% for the S-state hyperfine splitting and $\sim$20% for the P-state fine structure. Our results are consistent with previous results at $ξ= 2$ obtained by Chen when the lattice spacing is determined from the Sommer scale $r_0$. We also address the problem with the hyperfine splitting that different choices of the clover coefficients lead to disagreeing results in the continuum limit.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2001

Charmonium spectrum from quenched QCD on anisotropic lattices

We present our final results of the charmonium spectrum in quenched QCD on anisotropic lattices. Simulations are made with the plaquette gauge action and a tadpole improved clover quark action employing $ξ= a_s/a_t = 3$. We calculate the spectrum of S- and P-states and their excitation, and study the scaling behavior of mass splittings. Comparison is made with the experiment and previous lattice results. The issue of hyperfine splitting for different choices of the clover coefficients obtained by Klassen is discussed.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2001

Hybrid Quarkonia with Dynamical Sea Quarks

We present a dynamical lattice calculation with 2 flavours for bottomonium states with an additional gluonic excitation. Using improved actions for the quarks and gauge fields at a lattice spacing of $a \approx 0.1$ fm, we find 10.977(61)(62) GeV for the energy of the lowest lying $b\bar bg$-hybrid, where the first error is statistical and the second denotes the systematic uncertainty due to the determination of scale. In a parallel quenched simulation we demonstrate explicitly that vacuum polarisation effects are less than 10% of the splitting with the ground state.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2001

B meson decay constant from two-flavor lattice QCD with non-relativistic heavy quarks

We present a study of leptonic $B$ meson decay constants in lattice QCD with two flavors ($N_f=2$) of light dynamical quarks using NRQCD for the heavy quark. Gauge configurations are generated with a renormalization-group improved gauge action and a meanfield-improved clover light quark action. Measurements are carried out at two values of $β=6/g^2$, each for four sea quark masses, corresponding to the inverse lattice spacing $a^{-1}\approx 1.3$ and 1.8 GeV in the chiral limit of sea quark. The continuum values of the decay constants are derived by evaluating the discretization errors at each finite lattice spacing. We find $f_B^{N_f=2}=204(8)(29)(+44) $ MeV, $f_{B_s}^{N_f=2} = 242(9)(34)(+38)$ MeV, and $f_{B_s}^{N_f=2}/f_B^{N_f=2} = 1.179(18)(23)$, where the errors listed are statistical, systematic and uncertainty due to choice of the physical quantity used to fix the scale. Comparison is made to quenched results ($N_f=0$) obtained with the same action combination and matching lattice spacings. We find $f_B^{N_f=2}/f_B^{N_f=0}=1.07(5)$, $f_{B_s}^{N_f=2}/f_{B_s}^{N_f=0}=1.10(5)$ and $(f_{B_s}/f_B)^{N_f=2}/(f_{B_s}/f_B)^{N_f=0}=1.03(2)$, which indicates a 5--10% increase in the values of the decay constants, but no appreciable change in the ratio $f_{B_s}/f_B$, due to sea quarks.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2001

Topological Susceptibility in Lattice QCD with Two Flavors of Dynamical Quarks

We present a study of the topological susceptibility in lattice QCD with two degenerate flavors of dynamical quarks. The topological charge is measured on gauge configurations generated with a renormalization group improved gauge action and a mean field improved clover quark action at three values of $β=6/g^2$, corresponding to lattice spacings of $a \approx 0.22$, 0.16 and 0.11 fm, with four sea quark masses at each $β$. The study is supplemented by simulations of pure SU(3) gauge theory with the same gauge action at 5 values of $β$ with lattice spacings 0.09 fm$\simlt a \simlt$0.27 fm. We employ a field theoretic definition of the topological charge together with cooling. For the topological susceptibility in the continuum limit of pure SU(3) gauge theory we obtain $χ_t^{1/4} = 197^{+13}_{-16}$ MeV where the error shows statistical and systematic ones added in quadrature. In full QCD $χ_t$ at heavy sea quark masses is consistent with that of pure SU(3) gauge theory. A decrease of $χ_t$ toward light quark masses, as predicted by the anomalous Ward-Takahashi identity for U(1) chiral symmetry, becomes clearer for smaller lattice spacings. The cross-over in the behavior of $χ_t$ from heavy to light sea quark masses is discussed.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2001

Light Hadron Spectroscopy with Two Flavors of Dynamical Quarks on the Lattice

We present results of a numerical calculation of lattice QCD with two degenerate flavors of dynamical quarks, identified with up and down quarks, and with a strange quark treated in the quenched approximation. The lattice action and simulation parameters are chosen with a view to carrying out an extrapolation to the continuum limit as well as chiral extrapolations. Gauge configurations are generated with a renormalization-group improved gauge action and a mean field improved clover quark action at three values of $β$ and four sea quark masses. The sizes of lattice are chosen so that the physical spatial size is kept constant. Hadron masses, light quark masses and meson decay constants are measured at five valence quark masses. We also carry out complementary quenched simulations with the same improved actions. The quenched spectrum from this analysis agrees well in the continuum limit with the one of our earlier work using the standard action. We find the two-flavor full QCD meson masses in the continuum limit to be much closer to experimental meson masses than those from quenched QCD. We take these results as manifestations of sea quark effects in two-flavor full QCD. For baryon masses full QCD values for strange baryons are in agreement with experiment, while they differ increasingly with decreasing strange quark content, resulting in a nucleon mass higher than experiment. The pattern suggests finite size effects as a possible origin for this deviation. For light quark masses in the continuum limit we obtain values which are reduced by about 25% compared to the values in quenched QCD. We also present results for decay constants where large scaling violations obstruct a continuum extrapolation. Need for a non-perturbative estimate of renormalization factors is discussed.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2000

Phase structure and critical temperature of two-flavor QCD with a renormalization group improved gauge action and clover improved Wilson quark action

We study the finite-temperature phase structure and the transition temperature of QCD with two flavors of dynamical quarks on a lattice with the temporal size $N_t=4$, using a renormalization group improved gauge action and the Wilson quark action improved by the clover term. The region of a parity-broken phase is identified, and the finite-temperature transition line is located on a two-dimensional parameter space of the coupling ($β=6/g^2$) and hopping parameter $K$. Near the chiral transition point, defined as the crossing point of the critical line of the vanishing pion mass and the line of finite-temperature transition, the system exhibits behavior well described by the scaling exponents of the three-dimensional O(4) spin model. This indicates a second-order chiral transition in the continuum limit. The transition temperature in the chiral limit is estimated to be $T_c = 171(4)$ MeV.

hep-lat↗