arXiv subjects

Kaibo Hu

Publications and source records attributed to Kaibo Hu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2023

Quadratic and cubic Lagrange finite elements for mixed Laplace eigenvalue problems on criss-cross meshes

In [6], it was shown that the linear Lagrange element space on criss-cross meshes and its divergence exhibit spurious eigenvalues when applied in the mixed formulation of the Laplace eigenvalue problem, despite satisfying both the inf-sup condition and ellipticity on the discrete kernel. The lack of a Fortin interpolation is responsible for the spurious eigenvalues produced by the linear Lagrange space. In contrast, results in [8] confirm that quartic and higher-order Lagrange elements do not yield spurious eigenvalues on general meshes without nearly singular vertices, including criss-cross meshes as a special case. In this paper, we investigate quadratic and cubic Lagrange elements on criss-cross meshes. We prove the convergence of discrete eigenvalues by fitting the Lagrange elements on criss-cross meshes into a complex and constructing a Fortin interpolation. As a by-product, we construct bounded commuting projections for the finite element Stokes complex, which induces isomorphisms between cohomologies of the continuous and discrete complexes. We provide numerical examples to validate the theoretical results.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

Extended Regge complex for linearized Riemann-Cartan geometry and cohomology

We show that the cohomology of the Regge complex in three dimensions is isomorphic to $\mathcal{H}^{\scriptscriptstyle \bullet}_{dR}(Ω)\otimes\mathcal{RM}$, the infinitesimal-rigid-body-motion-valued de~Rham cohomology. Based on an observation that the twisted de~Rham complex extends the elasticity (Riemannian deformation) complex to the linearized version of coframes, connection 1-forms, curvature and Cartan's torsion, we construct a discrete version of linearized Riemann-Cartan geometry on any triangulation and determine its cohomology.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

Distributional Hessian and divdiv complexes on triangulation and cohomology

In this paper, we construct discrete versions of some Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand (BGG) complexes, i.e., the Hessian and the divdiv complexes, on triangulations in 2D and 3D. The sequences consist of finite elements with local polynomial shape functions and various types of Dirac measure on subsimplices. The construction generalizes Whitney forms (canonical conforming finite elements) for the de Rham complex and Regge calculus/finite elements for the elasticity (Riemannian deformation) complex from discrete topological and Discrete Exterior Calculus perspectives. We show that the cohomology of the resulting complexes is isomorphic to the continuous versions, and thus isomorphic to the de~Rham cohomology with coefficients.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

Bounded Poincaré operators for twisted and BGG complexes

We construct bounded Poincaré operators for twisted complexes and BGG complexes with a wide class of function classes (e.g., Sobolev spaces) on bounded Lipschitz domains. These operators are derived from the de Rham versions using BGG diagrams and, for vanishing cohomology, satisfy the homotopy identity $dP+Pd=I$ in degrees $>0$. The operators preserve polynomial classes if the de Rham versions do so.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

Nonlinear elasticity complex and a finite element diagram chase

In this paper, we present a nonlinear version of the linear elasticity (Calabi, Kröner, Riemannian deformation) complex which encodes isometric embedding, metric, curvature and the Bianchi identity. We reformulate the rigidity theorem and a fundamental theorem of Riemannian geometry as the exactness of this complex. Then we generalize an algebraic approach for constructing finite elements for the Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand (BGG) complexes. In particular, we discuss the reduction of degrees of freedom with injective connecting maps in the BGG diagrams. We derive a strain complex in two space dimensions with a diagram chase.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

Oberwolfach report : Discretization of Hilbert complexes

The report is based on an extended abstract for the MFO workshop "Hilbert Complexes: Analysis, Applications, and Discretizations", held at Oberwolfach during 19-25 June 2022. The aim is to provide an overview of some aspects of discretization of Hilbert complexes with an emphasis on conforming finite elements.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

BGG sequences with weak regularity and applications

We investigate some Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand (BGG) complexes on bounded Lipschitz domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$ consisting of Sobolev spaces. In particular, we compute the cohomology of the conformal deformation complex and the conformal Hessian complex in the Sobolev setting. The machinery does not require algebraic injectivity/surjectivity conditions between the input spaces, and allows multiple input complexes. As applications, we establish a conformal Korn inequality in two space dimensions with the Cauchy-Riemann operator and an additional third order operator with a background in Möbius geometry. We show that the linear Cosserat elasticity model is a Hodge-Laplacian problem of a twisted de-Rham complex. From this cohomological perspective, we propose potential generalizations of continuum models with microstructures.

math.NA↗

arXiv2022

Partially discontinuous nodal finite elements for $H(\mathrm{curl})$ and $H(\mathrm{div})$

We investigate discretization of $H(\mathrm{curl})$ and $H(\mathrm{div})$ in two and three space dimensions by partially discontinuous nodal finite elements, i.e., vector-valued Lagrange finite elements with discontinuity in certain directions. These spaces can be implemented as a combination of continuous and discontinuous Lagrange elements and fit in de~Rham complexes. We construct well-conditioned nodal bases.

math.NA↗

arXiv2022

Structure-preserving and helicity-conserving finite element approximations and preconditioning for the Hall MHD equations

We develop structure-preserving finite element methods for the incompressible, resistive Hall magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations. These equations incorporate the Hall current term in Ohm's law and provide a more appropriate description of fully ionized plasmas than the standard MHD equations on length scales close to or smaller than the ion skin depth. We introduce a stationary discrete variational formulation of Hall MHD that enforces the magnetic Gauss's law exactly (up to solver tolerances) and prove the well-posedness and convergence of a Picard linearization. For the transient problem, we present time discretizations that preserve the energy and magnetic and hybrid helicity precisely in the ideal limit for two types of boundary conditions. Additionally, we present an augmented Lagrangian preconditioning technique for both the stationary and transient cases. We confirm our findings with several numerical experiments.

math.NA↗

arXiv2021

Spurious solutions for high order curl problems

We investigate numerical solutions of high order curl problems with various formulations and finite elements. We show that several classical conforming finite elements lead to spurious solutions, while mixed formulations with finite elements in complexes solve the problems correctly. To explain the numerical results, we clarify the cohomological structures in high order curl problems by relating the partial differential equations to the Hodge-Laplacian boundary problems of the gradcurl-complexes.

math.NA↗

arXiv2021

A family of finite element Stokes complexes in three dimensions

We construct finite element Stokes complexes on tetrahedral meshes in three-dimensional space. In the lowest order case, the finite elements in the complex have 4, 18, 16, and 1 degrees of freedom, respectively. As a consequence, we obtain gradcurl-conforming finite elements and inf-sup stable Stokes pairs on tetrahedra which fit into complexes. We show that the new elements lead to convergent algorithms for solving a gradcurl model problem as well as solving the Stokes system with precise divergence-free condition. We demonstrate the validity of the algorithms by numerical experiments.

math.NA↗

arXiv2021

Simple curl-curl-conforming finite elements in two dimensions

We construct smooth finite element de Rham complexes in two space dimensions. This leads to three families of curl-curl conforming finite elements, two of which contain two existing families. The simplest triangular and rectangular finite elements have only 6 and 8 degrees of freedom, respectively. Numerical experiments for each family demonstrate the convergence and efficiency of the elements for solving the quad-curl problem.

math.NA↗

arXiv2021

Helicity-conservative finite element discretization for incompressible MHD systems

We construct finite element methods for the incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) system that precisely preserve magnetic and cross helicity, the energy law and the magnetic Gauss law at the discrete level. The variables are discretized as discrete differential forms in a de Rham complex. We present numerical tests to show the performance of the algorithm.

math.NA↗

arXiv2021

Complexes from complexes

This paper is concerned with the derivation and properties of differential complexes arising from a variety of problems in differential equations, with applications in continuum mechanics, relativity, and other fields. We present a systematic procedure which, starting from well-understood differential complexes such as the de Rham complex, derives new complexes and deduces the properties of the new complexes from the old. We relate the cohomology of the output complex to that of the input complexes and show that the new complex has closed ranges, and, consequently, satisfies a Hodge decomposition, Poincaré type inequalities, well-posed Hodge-Laplacian boundary value problems, regular decomposition, and compactness properties on general Lipschitz domains.

math.NA↗

arXiv2020

A discrete elasticity complex on three-dimensional Alfeld splits

We construct conforming finite element elasticity complexes on the Alfeld splits of tetrahedra. The complex consists of vector fields and symmetric tensor fields, interlinked via the linearized deformation operator, the linearized curvature operator, and the divergence operator, respectively. The construction is based on an algebraic machinery that derives the elasticity complex from de~Rham complexes, and smoother finite element differential forms.

math.NA↗

arXiv2020

A characterization of supersmoothness of multivariate splines

We consider spline functions over simplicial meshes in $\RR^n$. We assume that the spline pieces join together with some finite order of smoothness but the pieces themselves are infinitely smooth. Such splines can have extra orders of smoothness at a vertex, a property known as \emph{supersmoothness}, which plays a role in the construction of multivariate splines and in the finite element method. In this paper we characterize supersmoothness in terms of the degeneracy of spaces of polynomial splines over the cell of simplices sharing the vertex, and use it to determine the maximal order of supersmoothness of various cell configurations.

math.NA↗

arXiv2020

Finite Element Systems for vector bundles : elasticity and curvature

We develop a theory of Finite Element Systems, for the purpose of discretizing sections of vector bundles, in particular those arizing in the theory of elasticity. In the presence of curvature we prove a discrete Bianchi identity. In the flat case we prove a de Rham theorem on cohomology groups. We check that some known mixed finite elements for the stress-displacement formulation of elasticity fit our framework. We also define, in dimension two, the first conforming finite element spaces of metrics with good linearized curvature, corresponding to strain tensors with Saint-Venant compatibility conditions. Cochains with coefficients in rigid motions are given a key role in relating continuous and discrete elasticity complexes.

math.NA↗

arXiv2020

Well-conditioned frames for high order finite element methods

The purpose of this paper is to discuss representations of high order $C^0$ finite element spaces on simplicial meshes in any dimension. When computing with high order piecewise polynomials the conditioning of the basis is likely to be important. The main result of this paper is a construction of representations by frames such that the associated $L^2$ condition number is bounded independently of the polynomial degree. To our knowledge, such a representation has not been presented earlier. The main tools we will use for the construction is the bubble transform, introduced previously in [Falk and Winther, Found Comput Math (2016) 16: 297], and properties of Jacobi polynomials on simplexes in higher dimensions. We also include a brief discussion of preconditioned iterative methods for the finite element systems in the setting of representations by frames.

math.NA↗