Kaihang Zhang | Searcharxiv

arXiv2026

Joint pricing and matching for dynamic high-capacity ride-sharing considering passengers' choice uncertainty

This work investigates the uncertainty-aware joint pricing and matching problem for dynamic high-capacity ride-sharing services, where passengers are assumed to be price-elastic and decide whether to accept a ride-sharing offer based on the upfront prices provided by the platform. We formulate the studied problem as a two-stage stochastic program, where the first stage optimizes upfront price decisions for passengers, and the second-stage recourse problem captures passenger-vehicle assignment based on passengers' uncertain choices. To enhance computational efficiency, we introduce a novel relaxation-based gradient descent-guided search algorithm that leverages the problem's structural properties. Initially, the algorithm generates a feasible solution for the first-stage problem via relaxation. It then iteratively improves the solution via a search process guided by the derived gradient information. In particular, scenario reduction is applied to eliminate unnecessary scenarios when calculating the gradient, thereby reducing the overall computational burden. Numerical experiments demonstrate that, compared to solving the stochastic program directly, the proposed algorithm can accelerate computation speed by thousands of times while achieving optimality gaps of no more than 1.1%. Finally, we validate the benefits of considering passengers' choice uncertainty through large-scale simulation using real-world datasets and road networks over two large cities. The results demonstrate that, on average, the proposed method can increase the revenue by 5.2% and the service rate by 8.2% compared to the baseline approaches. This study provides a valuable reference for transportation network companies to design pricing strategies for ride-sharing to enhance service efficiency and improve revenue.

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arXiv2025

ZeroED: Hybrid Zero-shot Error Detection through Large Language Model Reasoning

Error detection (ED) in tabular data is crucial yet challenging due to diverse error types and the need for contextual understanding. Traditional ED methods often rely heavily on manual criteria and labels, making them labor-intensive. Large language models (LLM) can minimize human effort but struggle with errors requiring a comprehensive understanding of data context. In this paper, we propose ZeroED, a novel hybrid zero-shot error detection framework, which combines LLM reasoning ability with the manual label-based ED pipeline. ZeroED operates in four steps, i.e., feature representation, error labeling, training data construction, and detector training. Initially, to enhance error distinction, ZeroED generates rich data representations using error reason-aware binary features, pre-trained embeddings, and statistical features. Then, ZeroED employs LLM to label errors holistically through in-context learning, guided by a two-step reasoning process for detailed error detection guidelines. To reduce token costs, LLMs are applied only to representative data selected via clustering-based sampling. High-quality training data is constructed through in-cluster label propagation and LLM augmentation with verification. Finally, a classifier is trained to detect all errors. Extensive experiments on seven public datasets demonstrate that, ZeroED substantially outperforms state-of-the-art methods by a maximum 30% improvement in F1 score and up to 90% token cost reduction.

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