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Kari Rummukainen

Publications and source records attributed to Kari Rummukainen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
arXiv2018

From chiral symmetry breaking to conformality in SU(2) gauge theory

We compute the spectrum of SU(2) gauge theory with two, four or six Dirac fermions in the fundamental representation of the gauge group. We investigate the scaling of the meson masses as a function of the quark mass when approaching the chiral limit. We find behavior compatible with the usual pattern of chiral symmetry breaking at $N_f\le 4$ and with the existence of an infrared fixed point at $N_f=6$. In the six flavor case we determine the anomalous dimension of the quark mass operator from the spectrum and find results fully consistent with earlier analyses.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2017

Conformal window in SU(2) with fundamental fermions

We present the updated results of the infrared behavior of the SU(2) 6 and 8 fundamental representation fermions. We use the gradient flow method with the Schrödinger functional boundary conditions to measure the running of the coupling in these theories and find fixed points on both. We also measure the mass anomalous dimension from these configurations.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2017

The gradient flow running coupling in SU(2) gauge theory with $N_f=8$ fundamental flavors

We study the evolution of the coupling in SU(2) gauge field theory with $N_f=8$ fundamental fermion flavors on the lattice. This model is expected to have an infrared fixed point at high coupling. We use HEX-smeared Wilson-clover action, and measure the gradient flow running coupling with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Extrapolating our results to continuum, we find an infrared fixed point at $g^2=8.24(59)^{+0.97}_{-1.64}$, with statistical and systematic error estimates. We also measure the anomalous dimension of the quark mass operator, and find its value at the fixed point $γ\approx 0.15 \pm 0.02$.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2017

Numerical simulations of necklaces in SU(2) gauge-Higgs field theory

We perform the first numerical simulations of necklaces in a non-Abelian gauge theory. Necklaces are composite classical solutions which can be interpreted as monopoles trapped on strings, rather generic structures in a Grand Unified Theory. We generate necklaces from random initial conditions, modelling a phase transition in the early Universe, and study the evolution. For all cases, we find that the necklace system shows scaling behaviour similar to that of a network of ordinary cosmic strings. Furthermore, our simulations indicate that comoving distance between the monopoles or semipoles along the string asymptotes to a constant value at late times. This means that while the monopole-to-string energy density ratio decreases as the inverse of the scale factor, a horizon-size length of string has a large number of monopoles, significantly affecting the dynamics of string loops. We argue that gravitational wave bounds from millisecond pulsar timing on the string tension in the Nambu-Goto scenario are greatly relaxed.

astro-ph.CO↗
arXiv2016

New solutions for non-Abelian cosmic strings

We study the properties of classical vortex solutions in a non-Abelian gauge theory. A system of two adjoint Higgs fields breaks the SU(2) gauge symmetry to $Z_2$, producing 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles trapped on cosmic strings, termed beads; there are two charges of monopole and two degenerate string solutions. The strings break an accidental discrete $Z_2$ symmetry of the theory, explaining the degeneracy of the ground state. Further symmetries of the model, not previously appreciated, emerge when the masses of the two adjoint Higgs fields are degenerate. The breaking of the enlarged discrete symmetry gives rise to additional string solutions and splits the monopoles into four types of `semipole': kink solutions that interpolate between the string solutions, classified by a complex gauge invariant magnetic flux and a $Z_4$ charge. At special values of the Higgs self-couplings, the accidental symmetry broken by the string is continuous, giving rise to supercurrents on the strings. The SU(2) theory can be embedded in a wide class of Grand Unified Theories, including SO(10). We argue that semipoles and supercurrents are generic on GUT strings.

hep-th↗
arXiv2016

Mass anomalous dimension of SU(2) using the spectral density method

SU(2) with N_f = 6 and N_f = 8 are believed to have an infrared conformal fixed point. We use the spectral density method cross referenced with the mass step scaling method to evaluate the coupling constant dependence of the mass anomalous dimension for massless HEX smeared, clover improved Wilson fermions with Schrödinger functional boundary conditions.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2016

Gradient flow running coupling in SU(2) Nf=6 flavors

We present preliminary results of the running of the coupling in SU(2) gauge theory with 6 massless fundamental representation fermion flavors. We measure the coupling using the gradient flow method with Schrödinger functional boundary conditions. The results are consistent with the perturbation theory in the weak coupling and we see an indication of an infrared fixed point at strong coupling.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2016

Improving cosmic string network simulations

In real-time lattice simulations of cosmic strings in the Abelian Higgs model, the broken translational invariance introduces lattice artefacts; relativistic strings therefore decelerate and radiate. We introduce two different methods to construct a moving string on the lattice, and study in detail the lattice effects on moving strings. We find that there are two types of lattice artefact: there is an effective maximum speed with which a moving string can be placed on the lattice, and a moving string also slows down, with the deceleration approximately proportional to the exponential of the velocity. To mitigate this, we introduce and study an improved discretisation, based on the tree-level Lüscher-Weisz action, which is found to reduce the deceleration by an order of magnitude, and to increase the string speed limit by an amount equivalent to halving the lattice spacing. The improved algorithm is expected to be very useful for 3D simulations of cosmic strings in the early universe, where one wishes to simulate as large a volume as possible.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2016

Running coupling in SU(2) gauge theory with two adjoint fermions

We study SU(2) gauge theory with two Dirac fermions in the adjoint representation of the gauge group on the lattice. Using clover improved Wilson fermion action with hypercubic truncated stout smearing we perform simulations at larger coupling than earlier. We measure the evolution of the coupling constant using the step scaling method with Schrödinger functional and study the remaining discretization effects. At weak coupling we observe significant discretization effects, which make it difficult to obtain a fully controlled continuum limit. Nevertheless, the data remains consistent with the existence of a fixed point in the interval $2.2\lesssim g^{\ast 2}\lesssim 3$. We also measure the anomalous dimension and find its value at the fixed point is $γ^\ast\simeq 0.2\pm 0.03$.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2016

Numerical simulations of acoustically generated gravitational waves at a first order phase transition

We present details of numerical simulations of the gravitational radiation produced by a first order thermal phase transition in the early universe. We confirm that the dominant source of gravitational waves is sound waves generated by the expanding bubbles of the low-temperature phase. We demonstrate that the sound waves have a power spectrum with a power-law form between the scales set by the average bubble separation (which sets the length scale of the fluid flow $L_\text{f}$) and the bubble wall width. The sound waves generate gravitational waves whose power spectrum also has a power-law form, at a rate proportional to $L_\text{f}$ and the square of the fluid kinetic energy density. We identify a dimensionless parameter $\tildeΩ_\text{GW}$ characterising the efficiency of this "acoustic" gravitational wave production whose value is $8π\tildeΩ_\text{GW} \simeq 0.8 \pm 0.1$ across all our simulations. We compare the acoustic gravitational waves with the standard prediction from the envelope approximation. Not only is the power spectrum steeper (apart from an initial transient) but the gravitational wave energy density is generically larger by the ratio of the Hubble time to the phase transition duration, which can be 2 orders of magnitude or more in a typical first order electroweak phase transition.

astro-ph.CO↗
arXiv2015

Approaching the conformal window: systematic study of the particle spectrum in SU(2) field theory with Nf=2, 4 and 6

It is expected that SU(2) gauge theory with $N_f$ fundamental fermions has an infrared fixed point when $N_f$ is between $\sim 6$ and 10. We study the hadron spectrum and scale setting in SU(2) gauge field theory with $N_f=2,4,6$ using hypercubic stout smeared Wilson-clover (HEX) action. The case $N_f=2$ is QCD-like, whereas $N_f=6$ is close to the lower edge of the conformal window. In our study the length scales are determined by using the gradient flow approach.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2015

Gravitational waves from cosmological first order phase transitions

First order phase transitions in the early Universe generate gravitational waves, which may be observable in future space-based gravitational wave observatiories, e.g. the European eLISA satellite constellation. The gravitational waves provide an unprecedented direct view of the Universe at the time of their creation. We study the generation of the gravitational waves during a first order phase transition using large-scale simulations of a model consisting of relativistic fluid and an order parameter field. We observe that the dominant source of gravitational waves is the sound generated by the transition, resulting in considerably stronger radiation than earlier calculations have indicated.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2015

Gradient flow and IR fixed point in SU(2) with Nf=8 flavors

We study the running of the coupling in SU(2) gauge theory with 8 massless fundamental representation fermion flavours, using the gradient flow method with the Schrödinger functional boundary conditions. Gradient flow allows us to measure robust continuum limit for the step scaling function. The results show a clear indication of infrared fixed point consistent with perturbation theory.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2015

The Standard Model cross-over on the lattice

With the physical Higgs mass the Standard Model symmetry restoration phase transition is a smooth cross-over. We study the thermodynamics of the cross-over using numerical lattice Monte Carlo simulations of an effective SU(2) X U(1) gauge + Higgs theory, significantly improving on previously published results. We measure the Higgs field expectation value, thermodynamic quantities like pressure, energy density, speed of sound and heat capacity, and screening masses associated with the Higgs and Z fields. While the cross-over is smooth, it is very well defined with a width of only approximately 5 GeV. We measure the cross-over temperature from the maximum of the susceptibility of the Higgs condensate, with the result $T_c = 159.5 \pm 1.5$ GeV. Outside of the narrow cross-over region the perturbative results agree well with non-perturbative ones.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2014

The gradient flow running coupling in SU2 with 8 flavors

We present preliminary results of the gradient flow running coupling with Dirichlet boundary condition in the SU(2) gauge theory with 8 fermion flavours. Improvements to the gradient flow measurement allow us to obtain a robust continuum limit. The results are consistent with perturbative running in the weak coupling region.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2014

Jet quenching from the lattice

We present a lattice study of the momentum broadening experienced by a hard parton in the quark-gluon plasma. In particular, the contributions to this real-time phenomenon from soft modes are extracted from a set of gauge-invariant operators in a dimensionally reduced effective theory (electrostatic QCD), which can be simulated on a Euclidean lattice. At the temperatures accessible to present experiments, the soft contributions to the jet quenching parameter are found to be quite large. We compare our results to phenomenological models and to holographic computations.

hep-lat↗
arXiv2014

Investigating jet quenching on the lattice

Due to the dynamical, real-time, nature of the phenomenon, the study of jet quenching via lattice QCD simulations is not straightforward. In this contribution, however, we show how one can extract information about the momentum broadening of a hard parton moving in the quark-gluon plasma, from lattice calculations. After discussing the basic idea (originally proposed by Caron-Huot), we present a recent study, in which we estimated the jet quenching parameter non-perturbatively, from the lattice evaluation of a particular set of gauge-invariant operators.

hep-lat↗