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Kazuhisa Kakurai

Publications and source records attributed to Kazuhisa Kakurai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2025

Bullet pressure-cell design for neutron scattering experiments with horizontal magnetic fields and dilution temperatures

The simultaneous application of high magnetic fields and high pressures for controlling magnetic ground states is important for testing our understanding of many-body quantum theory. However, the implementation for neutron scattering experiments presents a technical challenge. To overcome this challenge we present an optimized pressure-cell design with a novel bullet shape, which is compatible with horizontal-field magnets, in particular the high-field magnet operating at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin. The cell enabled neutron diffraction and spectroscopy measurements with the combination of three extreme conditions: high pressures, high magnetic fields, and dilution temperatures, simultaneously reaching 0.7 GPa, 25.9 T, and 200 mK. Our results demonstrate the utility of informed material choices and the efficiency of finite-element analysis for future pressure-cell designs to be used in combination with magnetic fields and dilution temperatures for neutron scattering purposes.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2023

Field-induced bound-state condensation and spin-nematic phase in SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ revealed by neutron scattering up to 25.9 T

Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) underpins exotic forms of order ranging from superconductivity to superfluid 4 He. In quantum magnetic materials, ordered phases induced by an applied magnetic field can be described as the BEC of magnon excitations. With sufficiently strong magnetic frustration, exemplified by the system SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ , no clear magnon BEC is observed and the complex spectrum of multi-magnon bound states may allow a different type of condensation, but the high fields required to probe this physics have remained a barrier to detailed investigation. Here we exploit the first purpose-built high-field neutron scattering facility to measure the spin excitations of SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ up to 25.9 T and use cylinder matrix-product-states (MPS) calculations to reproduce the experimental spectra with high accuracy. Multiple unconventional features point to a condensation of $S = 2$ bound states into a spin-nematic phase, including the gradients of the one-magnon branches, the presence of many novel composite two- and three-triplon excitations and the persistence of a one-magnon spin gap. This gap reflects a direct analogy with superconductivity, suggesting that the spin-nematic phase in SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ is best understood as a condensate of bosonic Cooper pairs. Our results underline the wealth of unconventional states yet to be found in frustrated quantum magnetic materials under extreme conditions.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2023

Neutron polarisation correction to triple-axis data with analytical derivations

Polarised neutron scattering is the method of choice to study magnetism in condensed matter. Polarised neutrons are typically very low in flux, and complex experimental configurations further reduce the count rate. Neutron polarisation corrections would therefore be needed. Here we analytically derive formulae of the corrected partial differential scattering cross-sections. The analytical method is designed for the longitudinal polarisation analysis, and the correction generally holds for time-independent polarised neutrons with a triple-axis spectrometer. We then apply the correction to recent results of our $P_x$ experiment on Y$_3$Fe$_5$O$_{12}$. Although there is a difficulty with the experimental determination of inefficiency parameters of neutron spin polarisers and flippers, the correction appears to work properly.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2020

Skyrmion phase and competing magnetic orders on a breathing kagome lattice

Magnetic skyrmion textures are realized mainly in non-centrosymmetric, e.g. chiral or polar, magnets. Extending the field to centrosymmetric bulk materials is a rewarding challenge, where the released helicity / vorticity degree of freedom and higher skyrmion density result in intriguing new properties and enhanced functionality. We report here on the experimental observation of a skyrmion lattice (SkL) phase with large topological Hall effect and an incommensurate helical pitch as small as 2.8 nm in metallic Gd3Ru4Al12, which materializes a breathing kagomé lattice of Gadolinium moments. The magnetic structure of several ordered phases, including the SkL, is determined by resonant x-ray diffraction as well as small angle neutron scattering. The SkL and helical phases are also observed directly using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. Among several competing phases, the SkL is promoted over a low-temperature transverse conical state by thermal fluctuations in an intermediate range of magnetic fields.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2019

Spin gap and L modulated intensity at the low-energy incommensurate magnetic fluctuations in the superconducting state of Sr2RuO4

Low-energy incommensurate (IC) magnetic fluctuations in the multiband superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ is investigated by high-resolution inelastic neutron scattering measurements and random phase approximation (RPA) calculations. Below $T_\text{c}$, the substantial spin gap is observed at $\mathbf{Q}_\text{IC}=(0.3, 0.3, L)$ where the quasi-one-dimensional $α$ and $β$ sheets consisting of the Fermi surfaces are in good nesting conditions. $L$ modulated intensity of the low-energy IC magnetic fluctuations and our RPA calculations indicate that the superconducting gaps regarding the $α$ and $β$ sheets have the horizontal line nodes.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2019

Large Anomalous Hall Effect in Topological Insulators with Proximitized Ferromagnetic Insulators

We report a proximity-driven large anomalous Hall effect in all-telluride heterostructures consisting of ferromagnetic insulator Cr2Ge2Te6 and topological insulator (Bi,Sb)2Te3. Despite small magnetization in the (Bi,Sb)2Te3 layer, the anomalous Hall conductivity reaches a large value of 0.2e2/h in accord with a ferromagnetic response of the Cr2Ge2Te6. The results show that the exchange coupling between the surface state of the topological insulator and the proximitized Cr2Ge2Te6 layer is effective and strong enough to open the sizable exchange gap in the surface state.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗
arXiv2019

Magnetization-polarization cross-control near room temperature in hexaferrite single crystals

Mutual control of the electricity and magnetism in terms of magnetic (H) and electric (E) fields, the magnetoelectric (ME) effect, offers versatile low power-consumption alternatives to current data storage, logic gate, and spintronic devices. Despite its importance, E-field control over magnetization (M) with significant magnitude was observed only at low temperatures. Here we have successfully stabilized a simultaneously ferrimagnetic and ferroelectric phase in a Y-type hexaferrite single crystal up to T=450K and demonstrated the reversal of large non-volatile M by E field close to room temperature. Manipulation of the magnetic domains by E field is directly visualized at room temperature by using magnetic force microscopy. The present achievement provides an important step towards the application of bulk ME multiferroics.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2017

Néel-type skyrmion lattice in tetragonal polar magnet VOSe$_2$O$_5$

Formation of the triangular skyrmion-lattice is found in a tetragonal polar magnet VOSe$_2$O$_5$. By magnetization and small-angle neutron scattering measurements on the single crystals, we identify a cycloidal spin state at zero field and a Néel-type skyrmion-lattice phase under a magnetic field along the polar axis. Adjacent to this phase, another magnetic phase of an incommensurate spin texture is identified at lower temperatures, tentatively assigned to a square skyrmion-lattice phase. These findings exemplify the versatile features of Néel-type skyrmions in bulk materials, and provide a unique occasion to explore the physics of topological spin textures in polar magnets.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2015

Spinon, soliton and breather in the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic chain KCuGaF$_6$

Elementary excitations of the S=1/2 one-dimensional antiferromagnet KCuGaF_6 were investigated by inelastic neutron scattering in zero and finite magnetic fields perpendicular to the (1, 1, 0) plane combined with specific heat measurements. KCuGaF$_6$ exhibits no long-range magnetic ordering down to 50 mK despite the large exchange interaction J/k_B=103 K. At zero magnetic field, well-defined spinon excitations were observed. The energy of the des Cloizeaux and Pearson mode of the spinon excitations is somewhat larger than that calculated with the above exchange constant. This discrepancy is mostly ascribed to the effective XY anisotropy arising from the large Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction with an alternating D vector. KCuGaF_6 in a magnetic field is represented by the quantum sine-Gordon model, for which low-energy elementary excitations are composed of solitons, antisolitons and their bound states called breathers. Unlike the theoretical prediction, it was found that the energy of a soliton is smaller than that of the first breather, although the energy of the first breather coincides with that observed in a previous ESR measurement.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2013

Magnetoelectric Effect driven by Magnetic Domain Modification in LuFe2O4

Magneto-capacitance effect was investigated using the impedance spectroscopy on single crystals of LuFe2O4. The intrinsic impedance response could be separated from the interfacial response and showed a clear hysteresis loop below TFerri ~ 240 K under the magnetic field. The neutron diffraction experiment under the magnetic field proves the origin of dielectric property related to the motion of nano-sized ferromagnetic domain boundary. These results imply that the modification of the microscopic domain structure is responsible for the magnetoelectric effect in LuFe2O4.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2012

Higgs transition from a magnetic Coulomb liquid to a ferromagnet in Yb_2Ti_2O_7

In a class of frustrated magnets known as spin ice, magnetic monopoles emerge as classical defects and interact via the magnetic Coulomb law. With quantum-mechanical interactions, these magnetic charges are carried by fractionalised bosonic quasi-particles, spinons, which can undergo Bose-Einstein condensation through a first-order transition via the Higgs mechanism. Here, we report evidence of a Higgs transition from a magnetic Coulomb liquid to a ferromagnet in single-crystal Yb2Ti2O7. Polarised neutron-scattering experiments show that the diffuse [111]-rod scattering and pinch-point features which develop on cooling are suddenly suppressed below T_C ~ 0.21 K, where magnetic Bragg peaks and a full depolarisation of the neutron spins are observed with thermal hysteresis, indicating a first-order ferromagnetic transition. Our results are explained on the basis of a quantum spin-ice model, whose high-temperature phase is effectively described as a magnetic Coulomb liquid, while the ground state shows a nearly collinear ferromagnetism with gapped spin excitations.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2011

Magnetic excitations in the spin-5/2 antiferromagnetic trimer substance SrMn3P4O14

A quantum-mechanical 1/3 magnetization plateau and magnetic long-range order appear in the large-spin (5/2) substance SrMn3P4O14. Magnetization results of SrMn3P4O14 can be explained by the spin-5/2 isolated antiferromagnetic linear trimer with the intra-trimer interaction ($J_1$) value of 4.0 K. In the present study, to confirm the spin system, we performed inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments of SrMn3P4O14 powders. We observed plural magnetic excitations. The peak positions are 0.46, 0.68, and 1.02 meV. Constant-Q-scan spectra at several Q values (magnitude of the scattering vector) indicate that the dispersion is weak. The weak dispersion indicates that the excitations are transitions between discrete energy levels. Our INS results are consistent with results expected in the trimer model. We evaluated the J1 value as 0.29 meV (3.4 K) without considering the other interactions.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2009

Studies of Multiferroic System of LiCu2O2 II Magnetic Structures of Two Ordered Phases with Incommensurate Modulations

Neutron diffraction and 7Li-NMR have been applied to determine the multiferroic system LiCu2O2, which has four chains (ribbon chains) of edge-sharing CuO4 square planes in a unit cell. We have confirmed that there are successive magnetic transitions at TN1=24.5 K and TN2=22.8 K. In the T region between TN1 and TN2, the quasi one-dimensional spins (S=1/2) of Cu2+ ions within a chain have a collinear and sinusoidally modulated structure with Cu-moments parallel to the c-axis and with the modulation vector along the b-axis. At T < TN2, an ellipsoidal helical spin structure with the incommensurate modulation has been found. Here, we present detailed parameters, describing the modulation amplitudes, helical axis vectors as well as the relative phases of the modulations of four ribbon chains, which can well reproduce both the NMR and neutron results in the two magnetically ordered phases. This finding of the rather precise magnetic structures enables us to discuss the relationship between the magnetic structure and the multiferroic nature of the present system in zero magnetic field, as presented in our companion paper (paper I), and open a way how to understand the reported electric polarization under the finite magnetic field.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2008

Intermediate Phase IV in Structural Phase Transitions of TlCoCl$_3$

The structural changes of TlCoCl$_3$ around phase IV (68 K $<T<$ 75 K) were studied by single-crystal neutron diffraction measurement. The present investigation revealed that a small but definite Bragg peak at (${1/6} {1/6} 2$) appeared only in phase IV. A precursor phenomenon of the phase V ($T<$ 68 K) structure in the phase IV temperatures was also identified as the coexistence of a slightly broadened (${1/4} {1/4} 2$) Bragg peak. We confirmed that intermediate phase IV is a stable, nontransient, single phase with $2\sqrt{3}a\times 2\sqrt{3}a\times c$ unit cells. A possible sequence of structural phase transitions was proposed.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2008

Magnetic Excitations of Spin-Gap System Na3Cu2SbO6 with Distorted Honeycomb Structure

Magnetic excitation spectra of quantum spins of Na3Cu2SbO6 with the distorted honeycomb structure have been measured by neutron inelastic scattering. The intensity distribution and the dispersion curves of the excitations indicate that the spin system can be well understood by considering one-dimensional spin chains formed of Cu2+ ions on a lattice of the alternation of the shorter- and longer-spacings along the b axis. The exchange interactions between the neighboring spins with the shorter- and longer-spacings correspond to ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ones, respectively. These findings are consistent with those we reported previously on the basis of macroscopic measurements. The observed spin gap is 8.9 meV and the antiferromagnetic- and ferromagnetic-interactions have been found to be 13.9 and -12.5 meV, respectively.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2007

Relationship between Magnetic Structure and Ferroelectricity of LiVCuO4

Neutron scattering studies and measurements of the dielectric susceptibility and ferroelectric polarization P have been carried out in various magnetic fields H for single-crystal samples of the multiferroic system LiVCuO4 with quasi one-dimensional spin 1/2 Cu2+ chains formed of edge-sharing CuO4 square planes, and the relationship between the magnetic structure and ferroelectricity has been studied. The ferroelectric polarization is significantly suppressed by the magnetic field H above 2 T applied along a and b axes. The helical magnetic structure with the helical axis parallel to c has been confirmed in H=0, and for H//a, the spin flop transition takes place at H=2 T with increasing H, where the helical axis changes to the direction parallel to H. The ferroelectric polarization along a at H=0 is found to be proportional to the neutron magnetic scattering intensity, indicating that the magnetic order is closely related to the appearance of the ferroelectricity. The relationship between the magnetic structure and ferroelectricity of LiVCuO4 is discussed by considering the existing theories.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2006

New Type Phase Transition of Li2RuO3 with Honeycomb Structure

A new-type structural transition has been found in Li2RuO3 with honeycomb lattice of edge-sharing RuO6-octahedra. With decreasing temperature T, the electrical resistivity exhibits an anomalous increase at T=Tc~540 K, suggesting the (metal to insulator)-like transition and the magnetic susceptibility also shows a sharp decrease. Detailed structure analyses have revealed that the high temperature space group C2/m changes to P21/m at Tc. The most striking fact is that a significant reduction of the bond lengths is found between two of six Ru-Ru pairs of the hexagon in the low temperature phase, indicating a new type phase transition by the mechanism of the formation of molecular orbits of these Ru-Ru pairs.

cond-mat.str-el↗