arXiv subjects

Kelsey Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to Kelsey Nelson.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Data-Driven Assessment of Vehicle-to-Grid Capabilities in Supporting Grid During Emergencies: Case Study of Travis County, TX

As extreme weather events become more common and threaten power grids, the continuing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) introduces a growing opportunity for their use as a distributed energy storage resource. This energy storage can be used as backup generation through the use of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, where electricity is sent back from EV batteries to the grid. With enough participation from EV owners, V2G can mitigate outages during grid emergencies. In order to investigate a practical application of V2G, this study leverages a vast array of real-world data, such as survey results on V2G participation willingness, historical outage data within ERCOT, current EV registrations, and demographic data. This data informs realistic emergency grid scenarios with V2G support using a synthetic transmission grid for Travis County. The results find that as EV ownership rises in the coming years, the simultaneous facilitation of bidirectional charging availability would allow for V2G to play a substantial role in preventing involuntary load shed as a result of emergencies like winter storms.

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arXiv2023

Electric Vehicle Aggregation Review: Benefits and Vulnerabilities of Managing a Growing EV Fleet

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more popular within the United States, making up an increasingly large portion of the US's electricity consumption. Hence, there is much attention has been directed on how to manage EVs within the power sector. A well-investigated strategy for managing the increase in electricity demand from EV charging is aggregation, which allows for an intermediary to manage electricity flow between EV owners and their utilities. When implemented effectively, EV aggregation provides key benefits to power grids by relieving electrical loads.. These benefits are aggregation's ability to shift EV loads to peak shave, which often leads to lower emissions, electricity generation prices, and consumer costs depending on the penetration levels of non-dispatchable electricity sources. This review seeks to appropriately highlight the broad vulnerabilities of EV aggregation alongside its benefits, namely those regarding battery degradation, rebound peaks, and cybersecurity. The holistic overview of EV aggregation provides comparisons that balance expectations with realistic performance.

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arXiv2022

EVs and ERCOT: Future Adoption Scenarios and Grid Implications

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more commonplace in Texas, mainly due to their increasing attractiveness to consumers and pushes from the state's governing bodies to incentivize further adoption. Meanwhile, service from Texas's electric grid, ERCOT, has been seeing increases in power demand due to a growing population, increased air conditioning use, and pushes for electrification across other industries. The electrification of vehicles will only add to this demand increase. This paper focuses on evaluating different EV adoption, charging management, and policy scenarios, and how they will be expected to impact ERCOT, particularly with respect to peak demand increases. A strong increase in the peak demand can lead to challenges to keep the electrical grid's reliability, making it an important consideration for electrification in any sector. The anticipated impacts of EV adoption on peak demand are quantified using ERCOT's data on past generation and planned installations, the approximated effectiveness of EV incentives, EV charging profiles, and travel patterns. The results showcase the fact that the achievement of ambitious EV market share goals will be manageable on a statewide level regarding electricity supply into 2030, but will eventually necessitate ambitious charging management strategies in order to limit the EV fleet's potentially heavy impact on peak demand looking forward into 2050 and beyond.

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