Repeated Eigenvalues Imply Nodes? A Problem of Planar Differential Equations
Poincaré gave a criterion which determines the shape of equilibrium for planar differential equations. In his statement, he excluded the case of repeated eigenvalues. In fact, in such a case, we can give a $C^1$ counter-example to his assertion. In this note, we show that if we strengthen the condition to $C^{1,α}$ ($0<α<1$), his assertion becomes true even in case of repeated eigenvalues.
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