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Klaus Molmer

Publications and source records attributed to Klaus Molmer.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
arXiv2004

Estimation of a classical parameter with gaussian probes: magnetometry with collective atomic spins

We present a theory for the estimation of a classical magnetic field by an atomic sample with a gaussian distribution of collective spin components. By incorporating the magnetic field and the probing laser field as quantum variables with gaussian distributions on equal footing with the atoms, we obtain a very versatile description which is readily adapted to include probing with squeezed light, dissipation and loss and additional measurement capabilities on the atomic system.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2003

Atomic and molecular matter fields in periodic potentials

This paper deals with the conversion between atoms and molecules in optical lattices. We show that in the absence of collisional interaction, the atomic and molecular components in different lattice wells combine into states with macroscopic condensate fractions, which can be observed as a strong diffraction signal, if the particles are abruptly released from the lattice. The condensate population, and the diffraction signal are governed not only by the mean number of atoms or molecules in each well, but by the precise amplitudes on state vector components with different numbers of particles. We discuss ways to control these amplitudes and to maximize the condensate fraction in the molecular formation process.

cond-mat↗
arXiv2003

Quantum computing with an inhomogeneously broadened ensemble of ions: Suppression of errors from detuning variations by specially adapted pulses and coherent population trapping

The proposal for quantum computing with rare-earth-ion qubits in inorganic crystals makes use of the inhomogeneous broadening of optical transitions in the ions to associate individual qubits with ions responding to radiation in selected frequency channels. We show that a class of Gaussian composite pulses and complex sech pulses provide accurate qubit pi-rotations, which are at the same time channel selective on a 5 MHz frequency scale and tolerant to 0.5 MHz deviations of the transition frequency of ions within a single channel. Rotations in qubit space of arbitrary angles and phases are produced by sequences of pi-pulses between the excited state of the ions and coherent superpositions of the qubit states.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2003

Measurement induced entanglement and quantum computation with atoms in optical cavities

We propose a method to prepare entangled states and implement quantum computation with atoms in optical cavities. The internal state of the atoms are entangled by a measurement of the phase of light transmitted through the cavity. By repeated measurements an entangled state is created with certainty, and this entanglement can be used to implement gates on qubits which are stored in different internal degrees of freedom of the atoms. This method, based on measurement induced dynamics, has a higher fidelity than schemes making use of controlled unitary dynamics.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2003

Probabilistic generation of entanglement in optical cavities

We propose to produce entanglement by measuring the transmission of an optical cavity. Conditioned on the detection of a reflected photon, pairs of atoms in the cavity are prepared in maximally entangled states. The success probability depends on the cavity parameters, but high quality entangled states may be produced with a high probability even for cavities of moderate quality.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2003

Quantum state tomography of dissociating molecules

Using tomographic reconstruction we determine the complete internuclear quantum state, represented by the Wigner function, of a dissociating I2 molecule based on femtosecond time resolved position and momentum distributions of the atomic fragments. The experimental data are recorded by timed ionization of the photofragments with an intense 20 fs laser pulse. Our reconstruction method, which relies on Jaynes' maximum entropy principle, will also be applicable to time resolved position or momentum data obtained with other experimental techniques.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2002

Jaynes-Cummings dynamics with a matter wave oscillator

We propose to subject two Bose-Einstein condensates to a periodic potential, so that one condensate undergoes the Mott insulator transition to a state with precisely one atom per lattice site. We show that photoassociation of heteronuclear molecules within each lattice site is described by the quantum optical Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian. In analogy with studies of this Hamiltonian with cavity fields and trapped ions, we are thus able to engineer quantum optical states of atomic matter wave fields and we are able to reconstruct these states by quantum state tomography.

cond-mat.soft↗
arXiv2002

Atoms and molecules in lattices: condensates built on a shared vacuum

In optical lattices where each site is occupied in its lowest energy state by a superposition of zero, one and two atoms, one can in a controllable manner convert the atomic pair into a molecule while retaining the vacuum and one-atom amplitudes. The microscopic quantum coherence on each site between the vacuum and the single molecule component leads to a macroscopically populated molecular condensate when the lattice is removed.

cond-mat↗
arXiv2002

Scattering of atoms on a Bose-Einstein condensate

We study the scattering properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate held in a finite depth well when the incoming particles are identical to the ones in the condensate. We calculate phase shifts and corresponding transmission and reflection coefficients, and we show that the transmission times can be negative, i.e., the atomic wavepacket seemingly leaves the condensate before it arrives.

cond-mat↗
arXiv2002

Entangling atoms in bad cavities

We propose a method to produce entangled spin squeezed states of a large number of atoms inside an optical cavity. By illuminating the atoms with bichromatic light, the coupling to the cavity induces pairwise exchange of excitations which entangles the atoms. Unlike most proposals for entangling atoms by cavity QED, our proposal does not require the strong coupling regime g^2/κΓ>> 1, where g is the atom cavity coupling strength, κis the cavity decay rate, and Γis the decay rate of the atoms. In this work the important parameter is Ng^2/κΓ, where N is the number of atoms, and our proposal permits the production of entanglement in bad cavities as long as they contain a large number of atoms.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2002

Approximate quantum data storage and teleportation

In this paper we present an optimal protocol by which an unknown state on a Hilbert space of dimension $N$ can be approximately stored in an $M$-dimensional quantum system or be approximately teleported via an $M$-dimensional quantum channel. The fidelity of our procedure is determined for pure states as well as for mixed states and states which are entangled with auxiliary quantum systems of varying Hilbert space dimension, and it is compared with theoretical results for the maximally achievable fidelity.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2001

Counterfactual Statements and Weak Measurements: an Experimental Proposal

A recent analysis [quant-ph/0104062] suggests that weak measurements can be used to give observational meaning to counterfactual reasoning in quantum physics. A weak measurement is predicted to assign a negative unit population to a specific state in an interferometric Gedankenexperiment proposed by Hardy. We propose an experimental implementation with trapped ions of the Gedankenexperiment and of the weak measurement. In our standard quantum mechanical analysis of the proposal no states have negative population, but we identify the registration of a negative population by particles being displaced on average in the direction opposite to a force acting upon them.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2001

A quantum beam splitter for atoms

An interferometric method is proposed to controllably split an atomic condensate in two spatial components with strongly reduced population fluctuations. All steps in our proposal are in current use in cold atom laboratories, and we show with a theoretical calculation that our proposal is very robust against imperfections of the interferometer.

cond-mat↗
arXiv2001

Pairwise entanglement in symmetric multi-qubit systems

The concurrence, a quantitative measure of the entanglement between a pair of particles, is determined for the case where the pair is extracted from a symmetric state of N two-level systems. Examples are given for both pure and mixed states of the N-particle system, and for a pair extracted from two ensembles with correlated collective spins.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2001

Spin Squeezing in the Ising Model

We analyze the collective spin noise in interacting spin systems. General expressions are derived for the short time behaviour of spin systems with general spin-spin interactions, and we suggest optimum experimental conditions for the detection of spin squeezing. For Ising models with site dependent nearest neighbour interactions general expressions are presented for the spin squeezing parameter for all times. The reduction of collective spin noise can be used to verify the entangling powers of quantum computer architectures based on interacting spins.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2001

Entanglement and Extreme Spin Squeezing

For any mean value of a cartesian component of a spin vector we identify the smallest possible uncertainty in any of the orthogonal components. The corresponding states are optimal for spectroscopy and atomic clocks. We show that the results for different spin J can be used to identify entanglement and to quantity the depth of entanglement in systems with many particles. With the procedure developed in this letter, collective spin measurements on an ensemble of particles can be used as an experimental proof of multi-particle entanglement

quant-ph↗
arXiv2001

Multi-bit gates for quantum computing

We present a general technique to implement products of many qubit operators communicating via a joint harmonic oscillator degree of freedom in a quantum computer. By conditional displacements and rotations we can implement Hamiltonians which are trigonometric functions of qubit operators. With such operators we can effectively implement higher order gates such as Toffoli gates and C^n-NOT gates, and we show that the entire Grover search algorithm can be implemented in a direct way.

quant-ph↗