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Krishnendu Gongopadhyay

Publications and source records attributed to Krishnendu Gongopadhyay.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Twisted Patterson-Sullivan densities on nilpotent covers for Anosov subgroups

Let $Γ<\mathsf{SL}(d,\mathbb R)$ be a Zariski-dense Borel-Anosov subgroup and let $φ$ be positive on its limit cone. For every $χ\in \mathrm{Hom}(Γ, \mathbb R)$, we construct twisted $(φ,χ)$-conformal densities and prove their uniqueness, atomlessness, and ergodicity. For every normal subgroup $Γ_0\lhdΓ$ with nilpotent quotient, we classify the ergodic $φ$-conformal densities of $Γ_0$ in terms of characters of $Γ/Γ_0$.

math.DS↗

Strongly Doubly Reversible Pairs in Quaternionic Unitary Group of Signature $(n,1)$

Let $\mathrm{PSp}(n,1)$ denote the isometry group of quaternionic hyperbolic $n$--space $\h^n$. A pair $(g_1,g_2)\in\mathrm{PSp}(n,1)^2$ is \emph{strongly doubly reversible} if $(g_1,g_2)$ and $(g_1^{-1},g_2^{-1})$ are simultaneously conjugate by an involution. Equivalently, there exist involutions $i_1,i_2,i_3\in\mathrm{PSp}(n,1)$ such that $g_1=i_1i_2$ and $g_2=i_1i_3$. We prove that the set of strongly doubly reversible pairs has Haar measure zero in $\mathrm{PSp}(n,1)\times\mathrm{PSp}(n,1)$. The same conclusion holds for $\mathrm{PSp}(n)\times\mathrm{PSp}(n)$ and $\mathrm{SU}(n,1)\times\mathrm{SU}(n,1)$ for $n\ge2$, and for $\mathrm{SO}_0(n,1)\times\mathrm{SO}_0(n,1)$ and $\mathrm{SO}(n+1)\times\mathrm{SO}(n+1)$ for $n\ge4$. In the compact rank-one case, every pair in $\mathrm{PSp}(1)$ is strongly doubly reversible, which gives a short proof of the theorem of Basmajian and Maskit that every pair in $\mathrm{SO}(4)$ is strongly doubly reversible. For hyperbolic pairs, we prove that double reversibility and strong double reversibility are equivalent in $\mathrm{PSp}(1,1)$. In higher dimension, we prove the same implication when one member of the pair is regular, with pairwise distinct non-real unit eigenvalue classes. Finally, in $\mathrm{PSp}(1,1)$, for a hyperbolic element in normal form, we give a complete explicit matrix criterion characterizing all elements that form a strongly doubly reversible pair with it.

math.GR↗

Breaker Chains and Splitting of Interval Submodules in Zigzag Modules

Finite-dimensional zigzag modules decompose into interval modules. For an ordinary persistence module, every fully supported interval submodule of a restriction splits as a direct summand, whereas this need not hold for a zigzag module. We study this failure of splitting. A breaker pair is a local configuration of two overlapping interval summands with a backward arrow at the left boundary of the second interval and a forward arrow at the right boundary of the first. A single breaker pair gives a local nonsplitting interval submodule, but it need not control a prescribed larger restriction. We therefore introduce breaker chains. Our main result shows that a restriction $V[p,q]$ contains a nonsplitting submodule isomorphic to $I[p,q]$ if and only if its interval decomposition contains a breaker chain spanning $[p,q]$. Equivalently, the proper interval summands $J$ for which $\operatorname{Hom}(I[p,q],J)\ne0$ have supports covering $[p,q]$. This cover formulation gives a constructive description of nonsplitting embeddings, a trichotomy for their splitting behavior, and an $O(m\log m)$ algorithm from an oriented barcode with $m$ intervals.

math.RT↗

Reversibility and its asymptotic counting in Picard group

We investigate reversible elements in the Picard modular group $\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{Z}[i])$. We show that reversibility coincides with strong reversibility for Kleinian groups, in particular for the Picard group. We classify reversible elements in the Picard group and characterize loxodromic reversible elements up to conjugacy. We prove that each such conjugacy class contains exactly eight special representatives. We also obtain asymptotic estimates for the number of reversible conjugacy classes with bounded trace.

math.GR↗

Trace Coordinates and Local Fenchel--Nielsen Parameters in Real Hyperbolic 5-Space

We study representations of fundamental groups of closed orientable surfaces into \(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{H})\), whose projectivization \(\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{H})\) is the group of orientation-preserving isometries of real hyperbolic \(5\)-space, with the aim of developing a quaternionic analogue of Fenchel--Nielsen theory. We give a normal form for pairs of regular loxodromic elements with disjoint fixed point sets and show that, on an open dense generic locus, the corresponding moduli space is \(15\)-dimensional. We also associate fifteen word traces whose differentials are linearly independent on an open dense subset and hence give local real-analytic coordinates there. For a pair of pants with prescribed regular loxodromic boundary conjugacy classes, we show that the relative deformation space is locally \(6\)-dimensional. Combining this internal pants data with the three-dimensional boundary conjugacy data and the three-dimensional centralizer gluing freedom gives a local parameter decomposition for closed surface group representations. For a closed surface of genus \(g\), this yields \(30g-30\) real parameters.

math.GT↗

Classification of Quaternionic Projective Transformations by Equicontinuity Regions

We describe the equicontinuity regions of cyclic subgroups of the quaternionic projective linear group $\mathrm{PSL}(n+1,\mathbb{H})$. We show that these regions depend solely on the dynamical type of the generator $g$, i.e. whether $g$ is elliptic, parabolic, loxodromic or loxoparabolic. This yields an analytic interpretation of the dynamical classification of the elements. In particular, elliptic cyclic groups act equicontinuously on all of the quaternionic projective space, while for the parabolic, loxodromic and loxoparabolic elements the equicontinuity region is determined by explicit quaternionic projective subspaces arising from the generator's Jordan form.

math.GR↗

Reversibility and symmetry of affine toral automorphisms

We study reversibility and strong reversibility of affine automorphisms of the two-torus, written as $f_{A,\bar{a}}(\bar{x})=A\bar{x}+\bar{a} \ (\mathrm{mod}\ \mathbb{Z}^2)$. We derive explicit criteria for the reversibility of such maps in terms of the matrix $A$ and the translation $\bar{a}$. If $1$ is not an eigenvalue of $A$, reversibility of the affine map coincides with reversibility of $A$. When $1$ is an eigenvalue, additional arithmetic obstructions appear. We also provide a simple geometric condition, based on Pick's Theorem, that guarantees the existence of fixed points, along with a description of the dynamics of affine toral automorphisms. We also compute the entropy and characterize when conjugacy classes in the affine group are finite or uncountable.

math.DS↗

Kulkarni limit sets for cyclic quaternionic projective groups

We consider the natural action of the quaternionic projective linear group $\mathrm{PSL}(n+1,\mathbb{H})$ on the quaternionic projective space $\mathbb{P}^n_{\mathbb{H}}$. We compute the Kulkarni limit sets for the cyclic subgroups of $\mathrm{PSL}(n+1,\mathbb{H})$.

math.GR↗

Algebraic characterization of reversibility in the quaternionic Möbius group

An element of a group is called \emph{reversible} if it is conjugate to its inverse. While reversibility in the quaternionic Möbius group $\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{H})$ has traditionally been studied using geometric and dynamical methods, we develop a purely algebraic approach. We obtain an explicit, computable criterion for the reversibility of a quaternionic Möbius transformation, expressed solely in terms of the entries of a matrix representative. More precisely, we prove that \[ [A]\in \mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{H}) \text{ is reversible} \quad \Longleftrightarrow \quad β_A^{2}=δ_A^{2}, \] where $β_A$ and $δ_A$ are real conjugacy invariants associated with a lift $A\in \mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{H})$. Furthermore, we give a complete characterization of reversing symmetries of reversible elements in $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{H})$ and $\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{H})$.

math.GT↗

On the Product of Coninvolutory Affine Transformations

A complex matrix is called \emph{coninvolutory} if $T\overline{T}=I$. In this paper, we study decompositions of affine transformations in $\mathrm{Aff}(n,\mathbb{C})=\mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{C})\ltimes \mathbb{C}^n$ into products of coninvolutions. We prove that an affine transformation $g$ is a product of two coninvolutions in $\mathrm{Aff}(n,\mathbb{C})$ if and only if its linear part $L(g)$ is $c$-reversible; that is, $L(g)$ is conjugate to $\overline{L(g)}^{-1}$ in $\mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{C})$. Equivalently, $g$ is conjugate to $\overline{g}^{-1}$ in $\mathrm{Aff}(n,\mathbb{C})$. We further characterize elements that are products of three coninvolutions via consimilarity and show that every $g=(A,v)\in \mathrm{Aff}(n,\mathbb{C})$ with $|\det(A)|=1$ can be expressed as a product of at most four coninvolutions.

math.GR↗

On the almost palindromic width of certain free constructions of groups

We provide a general structural criterion implying that a group has infinite $m$-almost palindromic width. In particular, we prove that both HNN extensions and free products exhibit infinite $m$-almost palindromic width, with the unique exception of the infinite dihedral group among free products. This framework extends and strengthens the results of \cite{MS} and \cite{GK}.

math.GR↗

Combinatorial Structure of Inert and Ambiguous Classes in Modular Group

We study inert, and ambiguous conjugacy classes in the modular group $\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{Z})$ from a purely combinatorial perspective. Using word length in the free product representation $\mathbb{Z}_2 * \mathbb{Z}_3$ of the modular group, we obtain exact counting formulas and asymptotic growth rates for inert and ambiguous classes. Our results provide the first counting formulas for inert classes obtained independently of Sarnak's analytic trace-based methods, while also establishing a combinatorial framework for ambiguous classes.

math.GT↗

Thurston's asymmetric metric on Margulis spacetimes

In this article, we extend Thurston's asymmetric metric and the associated Finsler norm, originally defined for Teichmüller space, to the setting of Margulis spacetimes. We also establish several convexity properties of both the asymmetric metric and the corresponding Finsler norm.

math.GT↗

Functorial Free Group from Anosov Representations on Bundles

Let $ρ: Γ\to G$ be an Anosov representation, with $Γ$ a word hyperbolic group and $G$ a semisimple Lie group. Previous works (Guichard--Wienhard, Kapovich--Leeb--Porti, and Carvajales--Stecker) constructed an open domain of discontinuity $Ω_ρ\subset G/H$, where $H$ is a parabolic or symmetric subgroup. In this paper, we extend the properly discontinuous $Γ$-action via $ρ$ to the space of connections on the pullbacks of the tangent bundle over $Ω_ρ$. When $Ω_ρ$ is a complex curve, we show that the $Γ$-action is properly discontinuous on the union of Higgs bundle structures associated with the $(1,0)$ part of the complexified pullback bundles. We further construct a free abelian group $F^{ab}$ generated by these holomorphic line bundles and induce a topoogical structure on it, so that $ρ(Γ)$ acts properly discontinuously on $F^{ab} \setminus \{\mathrm{id}\}$. This free abelian group is well-defined up to isomorphism over the character variety of Zariski dense Anosov representations. Finally, we endow the space of Anosov representations with a categorical structure compatible with $Ω_ρ$ and construct a natural functor to the category of abelian groups.

math.GT↗

On the $z$-classes of Palindromic automorphisms of Free Groups

The palindromic automorphism group is a subgroup of the automorphism group $Aut(F_3).$ We establish a necessary and sufficient condition for a matrix in $GL_n(\mathbb{Z})$ representing a palindromic automorphism of $F_n.$ We prove that the number of the $z$-classes in $ΠA(F_n)$ is infinite. We further classify the conjugacy classes of the reducible palindromic automorphisms.

math.GR↗

On the domination of surface-group representations in $\mathrm{PU}(2,1)$

This article explores surface-group representations into the complex hyperbolic group $\mathrm{PU}(2,1)$ and presents domination results for a special class of representations called $T$-bent representations. Let $S_{g,k}$ be a punctured surface of negative Euler characteristic. We prove that for a $T$-bent representation $ρ: π_1(S_{g,k}) \rightarrow \mathrm{PU}(2,1)$, there exists a discrete and faithful representation $ρ_0: π_1(S_{g,k}) \rightarrow \mathrm{PO}(2,1)$ that dominates $ρ$ in the Bergman translation length spectrum, while preserving the lengths of the peripheral loops.

math.GT↗

Conjugate reversibility in complex special linear groups

We introduce and study conjugate reversibility (or $c$-reversibility) in the complex special linear group $\SL(n,\C)$ where an element is conjugate to the inverse of its complex conjugate. We prove that in $\SL(n, \C)$, every $c$-reversible element is strongly $c$-reversible. We provide a complete classification of $c$-reversible elements based on their conjugacy invariants. This leads to an algebraic characterization of projective transformations. As a special case, a finer classification in $\SL(4, \C)$ is obtained in terms of trace conditions and resultant computations.

math.GR↗