arXiv subjects

L. Giunti

Publications and source records attributed to L. Giunti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Discovery of a Radiation Component from the Vela Pulsar Reaching 20 Teraelectronvolts

Gamma-ray observations have established energetic isolated pulsars as outstanding particle accelerators and antimatter factories in the Galaxy. There is, however, no consensus regarding the acceleration mechanisms and the radiative processes at play, nor the locations where these take place. The spectra of all observed gamma-ray pulsars to date show strong cutoffs or a break above energies of a few gigaelectronvolt (GeV). Using the H.E.S.S. array of Cherenkov telescopes, we discovered a novel radiation component emerging beyond this generic GeV cutoff in the Vela pulsar's broadband spectrum. The extension of gamma-ray pulsation energies up to at least 20 teraelectronvolts (TeV) shows that Vela pulsar can accelerate particles to Lorentz factors higher than $4\times10^7$. This is an order of magnitude larger than in the case of the Crab pulsar, the only other pulsar detected in the TeV energy range. Our results challenge the state-of-the-art models for high-energy emission of pulsars while providing a new probe, i.e. the energetic multi-TeV component, for constraining the acceleration and emission processes in their extreme energy limit.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2023

Detection of extended gamma-ray emission around the Geminga pulsar with H.E.S.S

Geminga is an enigmatic radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsar located at a mere 250 pc distance from Earth. Extended very-high-energy gamma-ray emission around the pulsar was discovered by Milagro and later confirmed by HAWC, which are both water Cherenkov detector-based experiments. However, evidence for the Geminga pulsar wind nebula in gamma rays has long evaded detection by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) despite targeted observations. The detection of gamma-ray emission on angular scales > 2 deg poses a considerable challenge for the background estimation in IACT data analysis. With recent developments in understanding the complementary background estimation techniques of water Cherenkov and atmospheric Cherenkov instruments, the H.E.S.S. IACT array can now confirm the detection of highly extended gamma-ray emission around the Geminga pulsar with a radius of at least 3 deg in the energy range 0.5-40 TeV. We find no indications for statistically significant asymmetries or energy-dependent morphology. A flux normalisation of $(2.8\pm0.7)\times10^{-12}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$TeV$^{-1}$ at 1 TeV is obtained within a 1 deg radius region around the pulsar. To investigate the particle transport within the halo of energetic leptons around the pulsar, we fitted an electron diffusion model to the data. The normalisation of the diffusion coefficient obtained of $D_0 = 7.6^{+1.5}_{-1.2} \times 10^{27}$ cm$^2$s$^{-1}$, at an electron energy of 100 TeV, is compatible with values previously reported for the pulsar halo around Geminga, which is considerably below the Galactic average.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2023

HESS J1809$-$193: a halo of escaped electrons around a pulsar wind nebula?

Context. HESS J1809$-$193 is an unassociated very-high-energy $γ$-ray source located on the Galactic plane. While it has been connected to the nebula of the energetic pulsar PSR J1809$-$1917, supernova remnants and molecular clouds present in the vicinity also constitute possible associations. Recently, the detection of $γ$-ray emission up to energies of $\sim$100 TeV with the HAWC observatory has led to renewed interest in HESS J1809$-$193. Aims. We aim to understand the origin of the $γ$-ray emission of HESS J1809$-$193. Methods. We analysed 93.2 h of data taken on HESS J1809$-$193 above 0.27 TeV with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), using a multi-component, three-dimensional likelihood analysis. In addition, we provide a new analysis of 12.5 yr of Fermi-LAT data above 1 GeV within the region of HESS J1809$-$193. The obtained results are interpreted in a time-dependent modelling framework. Results. For the first time, we were able to resolve the emission detected with H.E.S.S. into two components: an extended component that exhibits a spectral cut-off at $\sim$13 TeV, and a compact component that is located close to PSR J1809$-$1917 and shows no clear spectral cut-off. The Fermi-LAT analysis also revealed extended $γ$-ray emission, on scales similar to that of the extended H.E.S.S. component. Conclusions. Our modelling indicates that based on its spectrum and spatial extent, the extended H.E.S.S. component is likely caused by inverse Compton emission from old electrons that form a halo around the pulsar wind nebula. The compact component could be connected to either the pulsar wind nebula or the supernova remnant and molecular clouds. Due to its comparatively steep spectrum, modelling the Fermi-LAT emission together with the H.E.S.S. components is not straightforward. (abridged)

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2022

A deep spectromorphological study of the $γ$-ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1

Young massive stellar clusters are extreme environments and potentially provide the means for efficient particle acceleration. Indeed, they are increasingly considered as being responsible for a significant fraction of cosmic rays (CRs) accelerated within the Milky Way. Westerlund 1, the most massive known young stellar cluster in our Galaxy is a prime candidate for studying this hypothesis. While the very-high-energy $γ$-ray source HESS J1646-458 has been detected in the vicinity of Westerlund 1 in the past, its association could not be firmly identified. We aim to identify the physical processes responsible for the $γ$-ray emission around Westerlund 1 and thus to better understand the role of massive stellar clusters in the acceleration of Galactic CRs. Using 164 hours of data recorded with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), we carried out a deep spectromorphological study of the $γ$-ray emission of HESS J1646-458. We furthermore employed H I and CO observations of the region to infer the presence of gas that could serve as target material for interactions of accelerated CRs. We detected large-scale ($\sim 2^\circ$ diameter) $γ$-ray emission with a complex morphology, exhibiting a shell-like structure and showing no significant variation with $γ$-ray energy. The combined energy spectrum of the emission extends to several tens of TeV, and is uniform across the entire source region. We did not find a clear correlation of the $γ$-ray emission with gas clouds as identified through H I and CO observations. We conclude that, of the known objects within the region, only Westerlund 1 can explain the bulk of the $γ$-ray emission. Several CR acceleration sites and mechanisms are conceivable, and discussed in detail. (abridged)

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2022

Constraining leptonic emission scenarios for the PeVatron candidate HESS J1702-420 with deep XMM-Newton observations

The unidentified TeV source HESS J1702-420 has recently been proposed as a new hadronic PeVatron candidate, based on the discovery of a small-scale emission sub-region with extremely hard gamma-ray spectrum up to 100 TeV (named HESS J1702-420A). Given the difficulty to discriminate between a hadronic or leptonic origin of the TeV emission, based on the H.E.S.S. measurement alone, we opted for a multi-wavelength approach. A deep X-ray observation was carried out using the XMM-Newton satellite, with the goal of probing a possible association with a hidden leptonic accelerator. No evidence of a clear counterpart for HESS J1702-420A was found in the X-ray data. After excluding an association with all nearby X-ray point sources, we derived strict upper limits on the diffuse X-ray emission and average magnetic field in the HESS J1702-420A region. We additionally report the serendipitous discovery of a new extended X-ray source, whose association with HESS J1702-420A is not obvious but cannot be ruled out either. A set of scripts dedicated to the multi-wavelength modeling of X-ray and gamma-ray data, based on Gammapy, Naima and Xspec, was developed in the context of this work and is made publicly available along with this paper.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2022

Time-resolved hadronic particle acceleration in the recurrent Nova RS Ophiuchi

Recurrent Novae are repeating thermonuclear explosions in the outer layers of white dwarfs, due to the accretion of fresh material from a binary companion. The shock generated by ejected material slamming into the companion star's wind, accelerates particles to very-high-energies. We report very-high-energy (VHE, $\gtrsim100$\,GeV) gamma rays from the recurrent nova RS\,Ophiuchi up to a month after its 2021 outburst, using the High Energy Stereoscopic System. The VHE emission has a similar temporal profile to lower-energy GeV emission, indicating a common origin, with a two-day delay in peak flux. These observations constrain models of time-dependent particle energization, favouring a hadronic emission scenario over the leptonic alternative. This confirms that shocks in dense winds provide favourable environments for efficient cosmic-ray acceleration to very-high-energies.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2022

Evidence for gamma-ray emission from the remnant of Kepler's supernova based on deep H.E.S.S. observations

Observations with imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) have enhanced our knowledge of nearby supernova (SN) remnants with ages younger than 500 years by establishing Cassiopeia A and the remnant of Tycho's SN as very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray sources. The remnant of Kepler's SN, which is the product of the most recent naked-eye supernova in our Galaxy, is comparable in age to the other two, but is significantly more distant. If the gamma-ray luminosities of the remnants of Tycho's and Kepler's SNe are similar, then the latter is expected to be one of the faintest gamma-ray sources within reach of the current generation IACT arrays. Here we report evidence at a statistical level of 4.6 sigma for a VHE signal from the remnant of Kepler's SN based on deep observations by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) with an exposure of 152 hours. The measured integral flux above an energy of 226 GeV is ~0.3% of the flux of the Crab Nebula. The spectral energy distribution (SED) reveals a gamma-ray emitting component connecting the VHE emission observed with H.E.S.S. to the emission observed at GeV energies with Fermi-LAT. The overall SED is similar to that of the remnant of Tycho's SN, possibly indicating the same non-thermal emission processes acting in both these young remnants of thermonuclear SNe.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

H.E.S.S. follow-up observations of Binary Black Hole Coalescence events during the second and third Gravitational Waves observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo

We report on the observations of four well-localized binary black hole (BBH) mergers by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) during the second and third observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, O2 and O3. H.E.S.S. can observe $\mathrm{20\,deg^2}$ of the sky at a time and follows up gravitational-wave (GW) events by ``tiling'' localization regions to maximize the covered localization probability. During O2 and O3, H.E.S.S. observed large portions of the localization regions, between 35\% and 75\%, for four BBH mergers (GW170814, GW190512\_180714, GW190728\_064510, and S200224ca). For these four GW events, we find no significant signal from a pointlike source in any of the observations, and set upper limits on the very high energy ($>$100 GeV) $γ$-ray emission. The 1-10 TeV isotropic luminosity of these GW events is below $10^{45}$ erg s$^{-1}$ at the times of the H.E.S.S. observations, around the level of the low-luminosity GRB 190829A. Assuming no changes are made to how follow-up observations are conducted, H.E.S.S. can expect to observe over 60 GW events per year in the fourth GW observing run, O4, of which eight would be observable with minimal latency.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

Searching for TeV gamma-ray emission from SGR\,1935+2154 during its 2020 X-ray and radio bursting phase

Magnetar hyperflares are the most plausible explanation for fast radio bursts (FRB) -- enigmatic powerful radio pulses with durations of several milliseconds and high brightness temperatures. The first observational evidence for this scenario was obtained in 2020 April when a FRB was detected from the direction of the Galactic magnetar and soft gamma-ray repeater SGR\,1935+2154. The FRB was preceded by two gamma-ray outburst alerts by the BAT instrument aboard the Swift satellite, which triggered follow-up observations by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). H.E.S.S. has observed SGR\,1935+2154 for 2 hr on 2020 April 28. The observations are coincident with X-ray bursts from the magnetar detected by INTEGRAL and Fermi-GBM, thus providing the first very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations of a magnetar in a flaring state. High-quality data acquired during these follow-up observations allow us to perform a search for short-time transients. No significant signal at energies $E>0.6$~TeV is found and upper limits on the persistent and transient emission are derived. We here present the analysis of these observations and discuss the obtained results and prospects of the H.E.S.S. follow-up program for soft gamma-ray repeaters.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

TeV emission of Galactic plane sources with HAWC and H.E.S.S

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are two leading instruments in the ground-based very-high-energy gamma-ray domain. HAWC employs the water Cherenkov detection (WCD) technique, while H.E.S.S. is an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The two facilities therefore differ in multiple aspects, including their observation strategy, the size of their field of view and their angular resolution, leading to different analysis approaches. Until now, it has been unclear if the results of observations by both types of instruments are consistent: several of the recently discovered HAWC sources have been followed up by IACTs, resulting in a confirmed detection only in a minority of cases. With this paper, we go further and try to resolve the tensions between previous results by performing a new analysis of the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey data, applying an analysis technique comparable between H.E.S.S. and HAWC. Events above 1 TeV are selected for both datasets, the point spread function of H.E.S.S. is broadened to approach that of HAWC, and a similar background estimation method is used. This is the first detailed comparison of the Galactic plane observed by both instruments. H.E.S.S. can confirm the gamma-ray emission of four HAWC sources among seven previously undetected by IACTs, while the three others have measured fluxes below the sensitivity of the H.E.S.S. dataset. Remaining differences in the overall gamma-ray flux can be explained by the systematic uncertainties. Therefore, we confirm a consistent view of the gamma-ray sky between WCD and IACT techniques.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2021

Revisiting the PeVatron candidate MGRO J1908+06 with an updated H.E.S.S. analysis

Detecting and studying galactic gamma-ray sources emitting very-high energy photons sheds light on the acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays presumably created in these sources. Currently, there are few sources emitting photons with energies exceeding 100 TeV. In this work we revisit the unidentified source MGRO J1908+06, initially detected by Milagro, using an updated H.E.S.S. dataset and analysis pipeline. The vicinity of the source contains a supernova remnant and pulsars as well as molecular clouds. This makes the identification of the primary source(s) of galactic cosmic rays as well as the nature of the gamma-ray emission challenging, especially in light of the recent HAWC and LHAASO detection of the high energy tail of its spectrum. Exploiting the better angular resolution as compared to particle detectors, we investigate the morphology of the source as well as its spectral properties.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

Evidence of 100 TeV $γ$-ray emission from HESS J1702-420: A new PeVatron candidate

The identification of active PeVatrons, hadronic particle accelerators reaching the knee of the cosmic-ray spectrum (at the energy of few PeV), is crucial to understand the origin of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. In this context, we report on new H.E.S.S. observations of the PeVatron candidate HESS J1702-420, which reveal the presence of gamma-rays up to 100 TeV. This is the first time in the history of H.E.S.S. that photons with such high energy are clearly detected. Remarkably, the new deep observations allowed the discovery of a new gamma-ray source component, called HESS J1702-420A, that was previously hidden under the bulk emission traditionally associated with HESSJ1702-420. This new object has a power-law spectral slope < 2 and a gamma-ray spectrum that, extending with no sign of curvature up to 100 TeV, makes it an excellent candidate site for the presence of PeV-energy cosmic rays. This discovery brings new information to the ongoing debate on the nature of the unidentified source HESSJ1702-420, one of the most compelling PeVatron candidates in the gamma-ray sky, and on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

LMC N132D: A mature supernova remnant with a power-law gamma-ray spectrum extending beyond 8 TeV

We analyzed 252 hours of High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) observations towards the supernova remnant (SNR) LMC N132D that were accumulated between December 2004 and March 2016 during a deep survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud, adding 104 hours of observations to the previously published data set to ensure a > 5 sigma detection. To broaden the gamma-ray spectral coverage required for modeling the spectral energy distribution, an analysis of Fermi-LAT Pass 8 data was also included. We unambiguously detect N132D at very high energies (VHE) with a significance of 5.7 sigma. We report the results of a detailed analysis of its spectrum and localization based on the extended H.E.S.S. data set. The joint analysis of the extended H.E.S.S and Fermi-LAT data results in a spectral energy distribution in the energy range from 1.7 GeV to 14.8 TeV, which suggests a high luminosity of N132D at GeV and TeV energies. We set a lower limit on a gamma-ray cutoff energy of 8 TeV with a confidence level of 95%. The new gamma-ray spectrum as well as multiwavelength observations of N132D when compared to physical models suggests a hadronic origin of the VHE gamma-ray emission. SNR N132D is a VHE gamma-ray source that shows a spectrum extending to the VHE domain without a spectral cutoff at a few TeV, unlike the younger oxygen-rich SNR Cassiopeia A. The gamma-ray properties of N132D may be affected by an interaction with a nearby molecular cloud that partially lies inside the 95% confidence region of the source position. [Abridged]

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

Search for dark matter annihilation signals from unidentified Fermi-LAT objects with H.E.S.S

Cosmological $N$-body simulations show that Milky Way-sized galaxies harbor a population of unmerged dark matter subhalos. These subhalos could shine in gamma-rays and be eventually detected in gamma-ray surveys as unidentified sources. We performed a thorough selection among unidentified Fermi-LAT Objects (UFOs) to identify them as possible TeV-scale dark matter subhalo candidates. We search for very-high-energy (E $\gtrsim$ 100 GeV) gamma-ray emissions using H.E.S.S. observations towards four selected UFOs. Since no significant very-high-energy gamma-ray emission is detected in any dataset of the four observed UFOs nor in the combined UFO dataset, strong constraints are derived on the product of the velocity-weighted annihilation cross section $\langle σv \rangle$ by the $J$-factor for the dark matter models. The 95% C.L. observed upper limits derived from combined H.E.S.S. observations reach $\langle σv \rangle J$ values of 3.7$\times$10$^{-5}$ and 8.1$\times$10$^{-6}$ GeV$^2$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ in the $W^+W^-$ and $τ^+τ^-$ channels, respectively, for a 1 TeV dark matter mass. Focusing on thermal WIMPs, the H.E.S.S. constraints restrict the $J$-factors to lie in the range 6.1$\times$10$^{19}$ - 2.0$\times$10$^{21}$ GeV$^2$cm$^{-5}$, and the masses to lie between 0.2 and 6 TeV in the $W^+W^-$ channel. For the $τ^+τ^-$ channel, the $J$-factors lie in the range 7.0$\times$10$^{19}$ - 7.1$\times$10$^{20}$ GeV$^2$cm$^{-5}$ and the masses lie between 0.2 and 0.5 TeV. Assuming model-dependent predictions from cosmological N-body simulations on the $J$-factor distribution for Milky Way-sized galaxies, the dark matter models with masses greater than 0.3 TeV for the UFO emissions can be ruled out at high confidence level.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

Evidence of 100 TeV $γ$-ray emission from HESS J1702-420: A new PeVatron candidate

The identification of PeVatrons, hadronic particle accelerators reaching the knee of the cosmic ray spectrum (few $10^{15}$ eV), is crucial to understand the origin of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. We provide an update on the unidentified source HESS J1702-420, a promising PeVatron candidate. We present new observations of HESS J1702-420 made with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), and processed using improved analysis techniques. The analysis configuration was optimized to enhance the collection area at the highest energies. We applied a three-dimensional (3D) likelihood analysis to model the source region and adjust non thermal radiative spectral models to the $γ$-ray data. We also analyzed archival data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) to constrain the source spectrum at $γ$-ray energies >10 GeV. We report the detection of a new source component called HESS J1702-420A, that was separated from the bulk of TeV emission at a $5.4σ$ confidence level. The power law $γ$-ray spectrum of HESS J1702-420A extends with an index of $Γ=1.53\pm0.19_\text{stat}\pm0.20_\text{sys}$ and without curvature up to the energy band 64-113 TeV, in which it was detected by H.E.S.S. at a $4.0σ$ confidence level. This brings evidence for the source emission up to $100\,\text{TeV}$, which makes HESS J1702-420A a compelling candidate site for the presence of extremely high energy cosmic rays. Remarkably, in a hadronic scenario, the cut-off energy of the proton distribution powering HESS J1702-420A is found to be higher than 0.5 PeV at a 95% confidence level. HESS J1702-420A becomes therefore one of the most solid PeVatron candidates detected so far in H.E.S.S. data, altough a leptonic origin of its emission could not be ruled out either.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2021

Search for dark matter annihilation in the dwarf irregular galaxy WLM with H.E.S.S

We search for an indirect signal of dark matter through very high-energy gamma rays from the Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte (WLM) dwarf irregular galaxy. The pair annihilation of dark matter particles would produce Standard Model particles in the final state such as gamma rays, which might be detected by ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. Dwarf irregular galaxies represent promising targets as they are dark matter dominated objects with well measured kinematics and small uncertainties on their dark matter distribution profiles. In 2018, the H.E.S.S. five-telescope array observed the dwarf irregular galaxy WLM for 18 hours. We present the first analysis based on data obtained from an imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope for this subclass of dwarf galaxy. As we do not observe any significant excess in the direction of WLM, we interpret the result in terms of constraints on the velocity-weighted cross section for dark matter pair annihilation as a function of the dark matter particle mass for various continuum channels as well as the prompt gamma-gamma emission. For the $τ^+τ^-$ channel the limits reach a $\langle σv \rangle$ value of about $4\times 10^{-22}$ cm3s-1 for a dark matter particle mass of 1 TeV. For the prompt gamma-gamma channel, the upper limit reaches a $\langle σv \rangle$ value of about $5 \times10^{-24}$ cm3s-1 for a mass of 370 GeV. These limits represent an improvement of up to a factor 200 with respect to previous results for the dwarf irregular galaxies for TeV dark matter search.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2020

Observation of a sudden cessation of a very-high-energy gamma-ray flare in PKS 1510-089 with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC in May 2016

The flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) PKS 1510-089 is known for its complex multiwavelength behavior, and is one of only a few FSRQs detected at very high energy (VHE, $E>100\,$GeV) $γ$-rays. VHE $γ$-ray observations with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC during late May and early June 2016 resulted in the detection of an unprecedented flare, which reveals for the first time VHE $γ$-ray intranight variability in this source. While a common variability timescale of $1.5\,$hr is found, there is a significant deviation near the end of the flare with a timescale of $\sim 20\,$min marking the cessation of the event. The peak flux is nearly two orders of magnitude above the low-level emission. For the first time, curvature is detected in the VHE $γ$-ray spectrum of PKS 1510-089, which is fully explained through absorption by the extragalactic background light. Optical R-band observations with ATOM reveal a counterpart of the $γ$-ray flare, even though the detailed flux evolution differs from the VHE ightcurve. Interestingly, a steep flux decrease is observed at the same time as the cessation of the VHE flare. In the high energy (HE, $E>100\,$MeV) $γ$-ray band only a moderate flux increase is observed with Fermi-LAT, while the HE $γ$-ray spectrum significantly hardens up to a photon index of 1.6. A search for broad-line region (BLR) absorption features in the $γ$-ray spectrum indicates that the emission region is located outside of the BLR. Radio VLBI observations reveal a fast moving knot interacting with a standing jet feature around the time of the flare. As the standing feature is located $\sim 50\,$pc from the black hole, the emission region of the flare may have been located at a significant distance from the black hole. If this correlation is indeed true, VHE $γ$ rays have been produced far down the jet where turbulent plasma crosses a standing shock.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2020

An extreme particle accelerator in the Galactic plane: HESS J1826$-$130

The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E $>$ 0.1 TeV) $γ$-ray source, HESS J1826$-$130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady $γ$-ray flux from HESS J1826$-$130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21$^{\circ}$ $\pm$ 0.02$^{\circ}_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm$ 0.05$^{\circ}_{\text{sys}}$. The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index $Γ$ = 1.78 $\pm$ 0.10$_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm$ 0.20$_{\text{sys}}$ and an exponential cut-off at 15.2$^{+5.5}_{-3.2}$ TeV, or a broken power-law with $Γ_{1}$ = 1.96 $\pm$ 0.06$_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm$ 0.20$_{\text{sys}}$, $Γ_{2}$ = 3.59 $\pm$ 0.69$_{\text{stat}}$ $\pm$ 0.20$_{\text{sys}}$ for energies below and above $E_{\rm{br}}$ = 11.2 $\pm$ 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826$-$130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula (PWN), HESS J1825$-$137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826$-$130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826$-$1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826$-$130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to $\gtrsim$200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants (SNRs), molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies.

astro-ph.HE↗