arXiv subjects

Larisa N. Vodolazhskaya

Publications and source records attributed to Larisa N. Vodolazhskaya.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Mathematical model of inverted analemmatic sundial on the example of Belogorsk sundial of the Bronze Age

This article proposes a mathematical model of an inverted analemmatic sundial, provides formulas for calculating the coordinates of their hour markers. On the example of the Belogorsk sundial, a method is described for determining the accuracy of time measurement using an inverted analemmatic sundial, in which cup marks are used as hour markers. The obtained value of the accuracy of time measurement with the help of the Belogorsk sundial is 5 - 6 minutes and is quite good for a measuring instrument of the Bronze Age, and is also higher than the accuracy of time measurement with the help of a water clock. As a result, it is concluded that the hypothesis is confirmed that the invention of the sundial was associated with the need to improve the accuracy of time measurement using a water clock.

physics.hist-ph↗

arXiv2022

Inverted analemmatic sundial of the Bronze Age

This article describes the study of a Bronze Age limestone slab with cup marks, discovered during the archaeological excavations of kurgan 1 of the kurgan grave field Prolom II, located in the Belogorsk region in Crimea. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the Belogorsk slab is a sundial of about the XV - XII centuries BC and belongs to the Srubnaya culture. By type of sundial, it is closest to the analemmatic sundial. However, the principle of the hourly markings of the Belogorsk slab is so unique that it is proposed to separate this type of sundial into a new type - inverted analemmatic sundial. This type is characterized by the fact that, unlike typical analemmatic sundials, the gnomon remains motionless throughout the year, and in accordance with the analemma, the "dial" "moves" - an ellipse of hour markers from cup marks, i.e. gnomon and hour markers (cup marks) change places in terms of mobility. The movement of hour markers on the Belogorsk slab is not literal, but is imitated by several rows of cup marks, which are fragments of hour marker ellipses for different months of the year. The idea behind this type of sundial is so revolutionary that we can talk about the discovery of a completely new type of sundial, the analogue of which has not yet been discovered. Keywords: cup marks, sundial, inverted, analemma, true solar time, mean solar time, hour markers, Srubnaya culture, Bronze Age, kurgan grave field, slab.

physics.hist-ph↗

arXiv2015

Marks of heliacal rising of Sirius on the sundial of the Bronze Age

The article presents the results of interdisciplinary research made with the help of archaeological, physical and astronomical methods. The aim of the study were analysis and interpretation corolla marks of the vessel of the Late Bronze Age, belonging to Srubna culture and which was found near the Staropetrovsky village in the northeast of the Donetsk region (Central Donbass). Performed calculations and measurements revealed that the marks on the corolla of Staropetrovsky vessel are marking of horizontal sundial with a sloping gnomon. Several marks on the corolla of the vessel have star shape. Astronomical calculations show that their position on the corolla, as on "dial" of watch, indicates the time of qualitative change the visibility of Sirius in the day its heliacal rising and the next few days in the Late Bronze Age at the latitude of detection of Staropetrovsky vessel. Published in the article the results of astronomical calculations allow to state that astronomical year in the Srubna tradition began with a day of heliacal rising of Sirius. Vessel, corolla, marks, sundial, gnomon, Srubna culture, heliacal rising, Sirius, archaeoastronomy

physics.hist-ph↗

arXiv2015

Astronomical Interpretation of the Signs on the Vessel of the Bronze Age (Central Donbass)

The article presents the results of multidisciplinary study carried out with the help of archaeological and astronomical methods. The aim of the study was to analyze and interpret the signs - elements of the composition, incised on the outer side surface of the vessel of the Late Bronze Age, owned to Srubna culture and discovered near the Staropetrovsky village in the northeast of the Donetsk region. The measurements and astronomical calculations revealed that all signs have astronomical meaning. Fourray star has been interpreted as the star Sirius. The sign polyline has been interpreted as an analog of graphic of equation of time in which the testimony of a water clock correspond with average solar time, and the testimony of a sundial - the true solar time. Sign wheel has been interpreted as a complex of lines, reflecting the regularity changing the direction of the shadows from the gnomon at sunset at the equinoxes and solstices. The sign thin polyline has been interpreted as a symbol of change of height of the Sun in the meridian at the equinoxes and solstices. Interpretation of wheel and polyline is related to the definition of the duration of the day. Sign of the wheel shows a direct relationship the duration of the day on the magnitude of the azimuth of sunrise/sunset, and thin polyline - from changing the height of the Sun in the meridian. Thus Staropetrovsky vessel, thanks to the astronomical signs, is a kind of ancient astronomical visual aid, which reflects the level of astronomical knowledge of the priesthood of Srubna culture at the late Bronze Age. Archaeoastronomy, vessel, Srubna culture, marks, Sirius, equation of time, mean solar time, true solar time, azimuth, calendar, astronomical year.

physics.hist-ph↗

arXiv2015

The water clock of the Bronze Age (Northern Black Sea Coast)

In the article presents the results of the multidisciplinary study conducted with the help of archaeological, physical and astronomical methods. The aim of the study was to analyze and interpret marks and drawings applied to the surface of the vessel of the Bronze Age (Srubna culture) found near the Staropetrovsky village (Donetsk region, Ukraine) near the border between the Donetsk and Lugansk regions. The carried out calculations and measurements possible to prove that staropetrovsky vessel is the most ancient water clock, discovered on the territory of Europe, and have approximately the same age as the oldest known ancient Egyptian water clock. Such vessels - water clocks were needed for Srubna population to mark sundial, which had recently been discovered in the Northern Black Sea Coast. Based on the analysis of marks on the outside of the vessel, it was revealed that Staropetrovsky vessel is unique ancient complex device for measuring time and at the same time using a water clock, and with the help of a sundial, allows to monitor of the uneven apparent motion of the Sun long before the existing written evidence about such monitoring. Series of marks on the outer surface of the vessel and on its corolla was associated with the star Sirius and its heliacal rising. Given in this paper the results of astronomical calculations allow to state that astronomical beginning of the year recorded since the heliacal rising of Sirius at the Srubna population of the Northern Black Sea Coast. Keywords: archaeoastronomy, modeling, Srubna culture, vessel, marks, water clock, sundial, equation of time, Sirius, heliacal rising.

physics.hist-ph↗