arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Leila Schneps.
The goal of this article is to prove that the Grothendieck-Teichm\"uller group $\widehat{GT}$ acts on $\widehat{\Gamma}_{g,0}$ and $\widehat{\Gamma}_{g,1}$,the (full) profinite genus $g$ mapping class group with $0$ or $1$ marked point, for every $g>0$.
Zeta generators are derivations associated with odd Riemann zeta values that act freely on the Lie algebra of the fundamental group of Riemann surfaces with marked points. The genus-zero incarnation of zeta generators are Ihara derivations of certain Lie polynomials in two generators that can be obtained from the Drinfeld associator. We characterize a canonical choice of these polynomials, together with their non-Lie counterparts at even degrees $w\geq 2$, through the action of the dual space of formal and motivic multizeta values. Based on these canonical polynomials, we propose a canonical isomorphism that maps motivic multizeta values into the $f$-alphabet. The canonical Lie polynomials from the genus-zero setup determine canonical zeta generators in genus one that act on the two generators of Enriquez' elliptic associators. Up to a single contribution at fixed degree, the zeta generators in genus one are systematically expanded in terms of Tsunogai's geometric derivations dual to holomorphic Eisenstein series, leading to a wealth of explicit high-order computations. Earlier ambiguities in defining the non-geometric part of genus-one zeta generators are resolved by imposing a new representation-theoretic condition. The tight interplay between zeta generators in genus zero and genus one unravelled in this work connects the construction of single-valued multiple polylogarithms on the sphere with iterated-Eisenstein-integral representations of modular graph forms.
This text has two goals. The first is to give an introduction to Ecalle's work on mould theory, multiple zeta values and double shuffle theory and relate this work explicitly to the classical theory of multiple zeta values and double shuffle expressed in the usual terms of non-commutative variables. The second is to provide complete proofs of those of his main results and identities which are strictly useful in the context of (non-colored) multiple zeta values. Many of these proofs are difficult, laborious and not enlightening and have been relegated to appendices. The emphasis in the text is to provide an easily approachable introduction to Ecalle's language while placing it almost from the start in the context of multiple zeta value theory. Disclaimer: This text is not final and is not submitted for publication. The intention is to continue to add to and complete it over time.
In this article we prove that there exists an injective Lie morphism from the double shuffle Lie algebra ${\frak{ds}}$ into the Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra ${\frak{krv}}$, forming a commutative triangle with the known Lie injections of the Grothendieck-Teichmüller Lie algebra ${\frak{grt}}\rightarrow {\frak{ds}}$ and ${\frak{grt}}\rightarrow{\frak{krv}}$.
In this article we define an elliptic double shuffle Lie algebra $ds_{ell}$ that generalizes the well-known double shuffle Lie algebra $ds$ to the elliptic situation. The double shuffle, or dimorphic, relations satisfied by elements of the Lie algebra $ds$ express two families of algebraic relations between multiple zeta values that conjecturally generate all relations. In analogy with this, elements of the elliptic double shuffle Lie algebra $ds_{ell}$ are Lie polynomials having a dimorphic property called $Δ$-bialternality that conjecturally describes the (dual of the) set of algebraic relations between elliptic multiple zeta values, periods of objects of the category $MEM$ of mixed elliptic motives defined by Hain and Matsumoto. We show that one of Ecalle's major results in mould theory can be reinterpreted as yielding the existence of an injective Lie algebra morphism $ds\rightarrow ds_{ell}$. Our main result is the compatibility of this map with the tangential-base-point section ${\rm Lie}\,π_1(MTM)\rightarrow {\rm Lie}\,π_1(MEM)$ constructed by Hain and Matsumoto and with the section $grt\rightarrow grt_{ell}$ mapping the Grothendieck-Teichmüller Lie algebra $grt$ into the elliptic Grothendieck-Teichmüller Lie algebra $grt_{ell}$ constructed by Enriquez.
We study non-holomorphic modular forms built from iterated integrals of holomorphic modular forms for SL$(2,\mathbb Z)$ known as equivariant iterated Eisenstein integrals. A special subclass of them furnishes an equivalent description of the modular graph forms appearing in the low-energy expansion of string amplitudes at genus one. Notably the Fourier expansion of modular graph forms contains single-valued multiple zeta values. We deduce the appearance of products and higher-depth instances of multiple zeta values in equivariant iterated Eisenstein integrals, and ultimately modular graph forms, from the appearance of simpler odd Riemann zeta values. This analysis relies on so-called zeta generators which act on certain non-commutative variables in the generating series of the iterated integrals. From an extension of these non-commutative variables we incorporate iterated integrals involving holomorphic cusp forms into our setup and use them to construct the modular completion of triple Eisenstein integrals. Our work represents a fully explicit realisation of the modular graph forms within Brown's framework of equivariant iterated Eisenstein integrals and reveals structural analogies between single-valued period functions appearing in genus zero and one string amplitudes.
Let $A_τ$ denote the elliptic associator constructed by Enriquez, a power series in two non-commutative variables $a,b$ defined as an iterated integral of the Kronecker function $F_τ$. We study a family of {\it Fay relations} satisfied by $A_τ$, derived from the original Fay relation satisfied by the $F_τ$. The Fay relations of $A_τ$ were studied by Broedel, Matthes and Schlotterer, and determined up to non-explicit correction terms that arise from the necessity of regularizing the non-convergent integral. Here we study a reduced version $\bar{A}_τ$ mod $2πi$. We recall a different construction of $\bar{A}_τ$ in three steps, due to Matthes, Lochak and the author: first one defines the reduced {\it elliptic generating series} $\bar{E}_τ$ which comes from the reduced Drinfeld associator $\overlineΦ_{KZ}$ and whose coefficients generate the same ring $\bar{R}$ as those of $\bar{A}_τ$; then one defines $Ψ$ to be the automorphism of the free associative ring $\bar{R}\langle\langle a,b\rangle\rangle$ defined by $Ψ(a)=\bar{E}_τ$ and $Ψ([a,b])=[a,b]$; finally one shows that the reduced elliptic associator $\bar{A}_τ$ is equal to $Ψ\bigl({{ad(b)}\over{e^{ad(b)}-1}}(a)\bigr)$. Using this construction and mould theory and working with Lie-like versions of the elliptic generating series and associator, we prove the following results: (1) a mould satisfies the Fay relations if and only if a closely related mould satisfies the "swap circ-neutrality" relations defining the elliptic Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra $krv_{ell}$, (2) the reduced elliptic generating series satisfies a family of Fay relations with extremely simple correction terms coming directly from those of the Drinfeld associator, and (3) the correction terms for the Fay relations satisfied by the reduced elliptic associator can be deduced explicitly from these.
We define an elliptic generating series whose coefficients, the elliptic multizetas, are related to the elliptic analogues of multiple zeta values introduced by Enriquez as the coefficients of his elliptic associator; both sets of coefficients lie in $\mathcal{O}(\mathfrak{H})$, the ring of functions on the Poincaré upper half-plane $\mathfrak H$. The elliptic multizetas generate a $\mathbb Q$-algebra $\mathcal{E}$ which is an elliptic analogue of the algebra of multiple zeta values. Working modulo $2πi$, we show that the algebra $\mathcal{E}$ decomposes into a geometric and an arithmetic part and study the precise relationship between the elliptic generating series and the elliptic associator defined by Enriquez. We show that the elliptic multizetas satisfy a double shuffle type family of algebraic relations similar to the double shuffle relations satisfied by multiple zeta values. We prove that these elliptic double shuffle relations give all algebraic relations among elliptic multizetas if (a) the classical double shuffle relations give all algebraic relations among multiple zeta values and (b) the elliptic double shuffle Lie algebra has a certain natural semi-direct product structure analogous to that established by Enriquez for the elliptic Grothendieck-Teichmüller Lie algebra.
We recall the definitions of two independently defined elliptic versions of the Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra $\frak{krv}$, namely the Lie algebra $\frak{krv}^{(1,1)}$ constructed by A.Alekseev, N.Kawazumi, Y.Kuno and F.Naef arising from the study of graded formality isomorphisms associated to topological fundamental groups of surfaces, and the Lie algebra $\frak{krv}_{ell}$ defined using mould theoretic techniques arising from multiple zeta theory by E.Raphael and L.Schneps, and show that they coincide.
The goal of this article is to define a linearized or depth-graded version $\mathfrak{lkv}$, and a closely related elliptic version $\mathfrak{krv}_{ell}$, of the Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra $\mathfrak{krv}$ originally constructed by Alekseev and Torossian as the space of solutions to the linearized Kashiwara-Vergne problem. We show how the elliptic Lie algebra $\mathfrak{krv}_{ell}$ is related to earlier constructions of elliptic versions $\mathfrak{grt}_{ell}$ and $\mathfrak{ds}_{ell}$ of the Grothendieck-Teichm\"uller Lie algebra $\mathfrak{grt}$ and the double shuffle Lie algebra $\mathfrak{ds}$. In particular we show that there is an injective Lie morphism $\mathfrak{ds}_{ell}\hookrightarrow \mathfrak{krv}_{ell}$, and an injective Lie algebra morphism $\mathfrak{krv}\rightarrow \mathfrak{krv}_{ell}$ extending the known morphisms $\mathfrak{grt}\hookrightarrow\mathfrak{grt}_{ell}$ (Enriquez section) and $\mathfrak{ds}\rightarrow\mathfrak{ds}_{ell}$ (\'Ecalle map).
Hain and Matsumoto constructed a category of universal mixed elliptic motives and described the fundamental Lie algebra of this category, relating it to a certain graded and filtered Lie algebra E. In an unpublished paper, Aaron Pollack proved a result on relations in a certain quotient of E, and gave several examples of actual relations in small weight that naturally lead to a conjecture about the existence of such relations in all weights. In this article, we prove this conjecture in depth 3, establishing the existence in all weights of relations of the type noted in Pollack's examples. ----- Richard Hain et Makoto Matsumoto ont construit une catégorie de motifs elliptiques mixtes universels et décrit l'algèbre de Lie fondamentale de cette catégorie en la reliant à une certaine algèbre de Lie graduée et filtrée E. Dans un article non publié, Aaron Pollack a démontré un résultat sur les relations dans un certain quotient de E, et donné plusieurs exemples de relations en petit poids qui conduisent à une conjecture sur l'existence de telles relations en tout poids. Dans le présent article, nous prouvons cette conjecture en profondeur 3, établissant l'existence en tout poids de relations du type décrit dans les exemples de Pollack.
The real multiple zeta values $ζ(k_1,\ldots,k_r)$ are known to form a ${\bf Q}$-algebra; they satisfy a pair of well-known families of algebraic relations called the double shuffle relations. In order to study the algebraic properties of multiple zeta values, one can replace them by formal symbols $Z(k_1,\ldots,k_r)$ subject only to the double shuffle relations. These form a graded Hopf algebra over ${\bf Q}$, and quotienting this algebra by products, one obtains a vector space. A difficult theorem due to G. Racinet proves that this vector space carries the structure of a Lie coalgebra; in fact Racinet proved that the dual of this space is a Lie algebra, known as the double shuffle Lie algebra $ds$. J. Ecalle developed a deep theory to explore combinatorial and algebraic properties of the formal multiple zeta values. His theory is sketched out in some publications. However, because of the depth and complexity of the theory, Ecalle did not include proofs of many of the most important assertions, and indeed, even some interesting results are not always stated explicitly. The purpose of the present paper is to show how Racinet's theorem follows in a simple and natural way from Ecalle's theory.This necessitates an introduction to the theory itself, which we have pared down to only the strictly necessary notions and results.
Richard Hain and Makoto Matsumoto constructed a category of universal mixed elliptic motives, and described the fundamental Lie algebra of this category: it is a semi-direct product of the fundamental Lie algebra Lie$\,π_1(MTM)$ of the category of mixed Tate motives over ${\bf Z}$ with a filtered and graded Lie algebra $u$. This Lie algebra, and in particular the subspace $u$, admits a representation as derivations of the free Lie algebra on two generators. In this paper we study the image $E$ of this representation of $u$, starting from some results by Aaron Pollack, who determined all the relations in a certain filtered quotient of $E$, and gave several examples of relations in low weights in $E$ that are connected to period polynomials of cusp forms on $SL_2({\bf Z})$. Pollack's examples lead to a conjecture on the existence of such relations in all depths and all weights, that we state in this article and prove in depth 3 in all weights. The proof follows quite naturally from Ecalle's theory moulds, to which we give a brief introduction. We prove two useful general theorems on moulds in the appendices.
We prove that the double shuffle Lie algebra ds, dual to the space of new formal multiple zeta values, injects into the Kashiwara-Vergne Lie algebra krv defined and studied by Alekseev-Torossian. The proof is based on a reformulation of the definition of krv, and uses a theorem of Ecalle on a property of elements of ds.
The even weight period polynomial relations in the double shuffle Lie algebra $\mathfrak{ds}$ were discovered by Ihara, and completely classified by the second author by relating them to restricted even period polynomials associated to cusp forms on $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$. In an article published in the same year, Gangl, Kaneko and Zagier displayed certain linear combinations of odd-component double zeta values which are equal to scalar multiples of simple zeta values in even weight, and also related them to restricted even period polynomials. In this paper, we relate the two sets of relations, showing how they can be deduced from each other by duality.
In this paper, we introduce cell-forms on $\mathcal{M}_{0,n}$, which are top-dimensional differential forms diverging along the boundary of exactly one cell (connected component) of the real moduli space $\mathcal{M}_{0,n}(\mathbb{R})$. We show that the cell-forms generate the top-dimensional cohomology group of $\mathcal{M}_{0,n}$, so that there is a natural duality between cells and cell-forms. In the heart of the paper, we determine an explicit basis for the subspace of differential forms which converge along a given cell $X$. The elements of this basis are called insertion forms, their integrals over $X$ are real numbers, called cell-zeta values, which generate a $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra called the cell-zeta algebra. By a result of F. Brown, the cell-zeta algebra is equal to the algebra of multizeta values. The cell-zeta values satisfy a family of simple quadratic relations coming from the geometry of moduli spaces, which leads to a natural definition of a formal version of the cell-zeta algebra, conjecturally isomorphic to the formal multizeta algebra defined by the much-studied double shuffle relations.