Leilei Yu | Searcharxiv

arXiv2026

A Novel Formula for Solving Quadratic Equations over Binary Extension Fields

Solving quadratic equations over finite fields is a fundamental task in algebraic coding theory and serves as a key subroutine for computing the roots of cubic and quartic polynomials. Notably, any quadratic polynomial over binary extension fields can be transformed into the reduced form $x^2+x+c\in \mathbb{F}_{2^m}[x]$, for which existing formula-based methods rely on heavy exponentiation or case distinctions on $m$ (odd/even or powers of two), limiting uniformity and efficiency. This paper presents a unified, formula-based solution for all positive integers $m$ that uses only exclusive-OR operations (XORs). The approach leverages a Reed-Muller matrix characterization of evaluations and transforms the problem into computing a binary matrix-vector multiplication. The total cost is at most $m^2-2m+1$ XORs, and under parallelism, the latency is $\lceil \log_2 m\rceil$ XORs, making the method attractive for low-power, low-latency applications.

cs.IT↗

arXiv2023

Variant Codes Based on A Special Polynomial Ring and Their Fast Computations

Binary array codes are widely used in storage systems to prevent data loss, such as the Redundant Array of Independent Disks~(RAID). Most designs for such codes, such as Blaum-Roth~(BR) codes and Independent-Parity~(IP) codes, are carried out on the polynomial ring F_2[x]/<\sum_{i=0}^{p-1}x^i >, where F_2 is a binary field, and p is a prime number. In this paper, we consider the polynomial ring F_2[x]/<\sum_{i=0}^{p-1}x^{i\tau}>, where p>1 is an odd number and \tau \geq 1 is any power of two, and explore variant codes from codes over this polynomial ring. Particularly, the variant codes are derived by mapping parity-check matrices over the polynomial ring to binary parity-check matrices. Specifically, we first propose two classes of variant codes, termed V-ETBR and V-ESIP codes. To make these variant codes binary maximum distance separable~(MDS) array codes that achieve optimal storage efficiency, this paper then derives the connections between them and their counterparts over polynomial rings. These connections are general, making it easy to construct variant MDS array codes from various forms of matrices over polynomial rings. Subsequently, some instances are explicitly constructed based on Cauchy and Vandermonde matrices. In the proposed constructions, both V-ETBR and V-ESIP MDS array codes can have any number of parity columns and have the total number of data columns of exponential order with respect to $p$. In terms of computation, two fast syndrome computations are proposed for the Vandermonde-based V-ETBR and V-ESIP MDS array codes, both meeting the lowest known asymptotic complexity among MDS codes. Due to the fact that all variant codes are constructed from parity-check matrices over simple binary fields instead of polynomial rings, they are attractive in practice.

cs.IT↗