Effect of introducing viscoelastic polyurethane on the dispersion and vibration isolation efficiency of chiral phononic crystals
Phononic crystals, a sequence of masses and (damped) springs, are being used more and more in practical applications, exploiting Bragg bandgaps to attenuate vibration transmission in a wide frequency range. In particular, chiral phononic crystals have demonstrated their ability to achieve low frequency bandgaps while maintaining a high static stiffness, and thus load bearing capacities. However, tuning of the bandgap frequencies is non-trivial because of their complex geometry. In this paper, viscoelastic inserts between the masses of the chain are introduced to improve the tunability of the crystal and take advantage of viscous damping. Modeling true viscoelasticity requires the implementation of frequency-dependent material properties, which is introduced in this work both for dispersion curve calculation and for harmonic force transmission simulations. As a real-world example, the intricate frequency-dependency of polyurethane is studied by examining the influence of four fractional derivative model parameters, which define the storage modulus and loss factor. The calculated dynamic force transmissibility of the phononic crystal is compared to classical, single-layer, isolation solutions. The results show that high viscous damping does not negatively affect the bandgap efficiency, which is a major advantage over resilient layer isolators where damping deteriorates the isolation properties. To validate the models, three crystals with different viscoelastic material properties in terms of stiffness and damping are manufactured and the measured force transmissibility is successfully compared to the numerical models.